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www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sampleSura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom 15/27/23/21/2decimalks.Convert thenumber : 1001aboo3.15100110 11111010012www.Padasalai.NetConvert the decimal number into binary numbers 710 tudy-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium.html

www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sample22Sura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom Target3 2, thus 2 bit is set to 164 32 16 8 4 2 11011 195 – (64 16 8 4 2) 11 1, finally 1 bit is also set to 164 32 16 8 4 2 1101119510 1011111211ks.com 1abooOther Important QuestionsI.Two Marks Questions :1.What are the kinds of data that are to be processed bya computer?Numeric, text, date, graphics, image, audio and video arethe different kinds of data that are to be processed by acomputer.2.What is an analog data ?Analog data can have any value within a defined rangeand it is continuous. Sound waves, telephone signals,temperatures and all other signals that are not broken intobits are examples of analog data.www.surwww.Padasalai.Net3.What is a digital data ?Digital data can be represented by a series of binarynumbers and it is discrete.4.What is a BIT ?BIT stands for Binary Digit. It can have only two possiblevalues 0 and 1. A binary number contains a sequence of0’s and 1’s like 10111. A collection of 8 bits is called as materials-tamil-medium-english-medium.html

www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sampleSura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom Target5.23What is binary number system ?6.comThe number system that uses only two digits 0 and 1 iscalled binary number system. The numbers in the binarysystem are represented to the base two and the positionalmultipliers are the powers of two.Distinguish MSB and LSB.101112 ?10101112aboo7.ks.The leftmost bit in the binary number is called the mostsignificant bit (MSB) and it has the largest positionalweight. The rightmost bit is the least significant bit (LSB)and has the smallest positional weight. 1 24 0 23 1 22 1 21 1 20 16 0 4 2 1www.Padasalai.Net 23100.10112 ?10ur8.0.10112 1 2–1 0 2–2 1 2–3 1 2–4.s 0.5 0 0.125 0.0625 0.6875102C16 ?10www9.2C16 2 161 C 160 32 12 441010. 1100100111012?16The hexadecimal equivalent of the binary sequence1100100111012 is :1100C1001 11019orders@surabooks.com um-english-medium.html

www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sample24Sura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom Target11. Find the binary equivalent of the fraction 5/8.The fraction 5/8 4/8 1/8 1/2 1/8 has the binaryequivalent: 0.1012com5/8 1 * 2–1 0 * 2–2 1 * 2–312. Convert 948 to hexadecimal using the repeated divisionmethod.Remainder4 (LSB)113 0 3B416www.Padasalai.Net13. What is octal number system ?.surThe number system that uses 8 symbols 0 to 7 is calledoctal number system. The numbers in this system arerepresented to the base 8 and the positional multiplies arethe powers of 8.14. What is the decimal value of the octal number 7118 ?w7 82 1 81 1 80 448 8 1 45710ww15. What is the octal representation of the decimal number6410 ?64/88/81/8Quotient810Remainder0 (LSB)01 (MSB)Hence 6410 terials-tamil-medium-english-medium.html

www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sampleSura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom Target413. Computer OrganizationTextual QuestionsTwo Marks Questions :1.What are the components of the digital computer ?comI.abooks.A computer system is the integration of physical entitiescalled hardware and non-physical entities called software.The hardware components include input devices,processor, storage devices and output devices. Thesoftware items are programs and operating aids (systems)so that the computer can process data.2.What do you mean by memory access time ?Memory access time, also known as response time orlatency, refers to how quickly the memory can respond toa read or write request.www.Padasalai.NetList few commonly used input devices.ur3.w.sCommonly used input devices are keyboard, mouse,scanner, bar code reader, digital camera, MICR, OCR,OMR, light pen, magnetic reader, smart cards, notes taker,microphone, etc.ww4.What is an output device ?An output device is capable of presenting informationfrom a computer. It serves as an interface between thecomputer and the user. These devices take machine codedoutput results from the processor and convert them into aform that can be used by human -materials-tamil-medium-english-medium.html

www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sampleSura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom Target43II. Three Marks Questions :1.How are the human being and the computers arerelated ?abooks.comComputers are often compared to human beings sinceboth have the ability to accept data, store, work with it,retrieve and provide information. The main differenceis that human beings have the ability to perform all ofthese actions independently. Human beings also thinkand control their own activities. Human beings receiveinformation in different forms, such as eyes, ears, nose,mouth and even sensory nerves. The brain receives oraccepts this information, works with it in some mannerand then stores in the brain for future use. If informationat the time requires immediate attention, brain directs torespond with actions.www.Padasalai.NetWhat are the functional units of a computer system ?ur2.sThe functional units of the computer system are (a) Inputunit, (b) Output unit, (c) Central processing unit and (d)Memory unit.wwwThese units are interconnected by minute electrical wiresto permit communication between them. This allows thecomputer to function as a system. The block diagram isshown below.CentralProcessing UnitInputUnitOutputUnitMemory UnitFunctional Units of a Computer materials-tamil-medium-english-medium.html

www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sample46Sura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom Target10. What is a storage device ?ks.11. What is the role of ALU ?comDevices which are used to store data, programs, etc., in acomputer readable medium are called the storage devicesor secondary storage devices. Secondary storage is alsocalled backup storage. It can be used to transmit data toanother computer either immediately or at a latter time. Itprovides a mechanism for storing a large amount of datafor a long period of time.abooThe ALU is the computer’s calculator. It consists of circuitswhich perform arithmetic and logical operations over datareceived from memory. The arithmetic operations includeaddition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Thelogical operation compares numbers, letters and specialcharacters. The ALU also performs logic functions suchas AND, OR and NOT. The ALU functions are directlycontrolled by the control unit.urwww.Padasalai.NetTwo Marks Questions :wI.sOther Important Questionsww1.What is an Input unit ?A computer uses input devices to accept the data andprogram. Input devices allow communication between theuser and the computer. In modern computers keyboard,mouse, light pen, touch screen etc, are some of the -study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium.html

www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sampleSura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom Target2.47What is an logical operations ?3.comThe importance of the logic unit is to make logicaloperations.These operations include logically comparingtwo data items and take different actions based on theresults of the comparison.What is PROM ?What is an EPROM ?aboo4.ks.PROM is a memory on which data can be written onlyonce. A variation of the PROM chip is that it is not burntat the manufacturing time but can be programmed usingPROM programmer or a PROM burner. PROM is also anon-volatile memory.In EPROM, the information can be erased andreprogrammed using a special PROM – programmer.EPROM is non-volatile memory. A EPROM differs froma PROM in that a PROM can be written to only once andcannot be erased. But an ultraviolet light is used to erasethe contents of the EPROM.sWhat is Digital Camera ?The digital camera is an input device mainly used tocapture images. The digital camera takes a still photograph,stores it and sends it as digital input to the computer. It isa modern and popular input device.www5.urwww.Padasalai.Net6.What is Smart Cards ?This input device stores data in a microprocessorembedded in the card. This allows information, which canbe updated, to be stored on the card. These data can be readand given as input to the computer for further processing.Most of the identification cards use this method to storeand retrieve the vital study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium.html

www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sampleSura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom Target554. Working Principle of Digital LogicI.Two Marks Questions :1.What is a logic gate ?comTextual Questionsabooks.A logic gate is an elementary building block of a digitalcircuit. It is a circuit with one output and one or moreinputs. At any given moment, logic gate takes one of thetwo binary conditions low (0) or high (1), represented bydifferent voltage levels.2.List the fundamental logical gates.There are three fundamental logic gates namely, AND,OR and NOT.www.Padasalai.Net3.Why NAND and NOR gates are called universal gates ?What is a half adder ?www4.surNAND and NOR gates are called the universal gates,because the fundamental logic gates can be realizedthrough them.5.The unit that adds two binary digits is called a half adder.A half adder sums two binary digits to give a sum and acarry.What is a combinational circuit ?A combinational circuit is a logical circuit whose outputsare based on the inputs present at that aterials-tamil-medium-english-medium.html

www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sample56Sura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom Target6.What is a sequential circuit ?A sequential circuit is a logical circuit whose outputs arebased on, not only the inputs present at that time, but alsocomon the previous state output.II. Three Marks Questions :How AND gate can be realized using NOR gate ?ks.1.AND gate can be realized using NOR gate by making usecircuit :A0abooof the following logic circuit :Equivalent toABAABwww.Padasalai.NetBur0B2.How OR gate can be realized using NAND gate ?.sOR gate can be realized using NAND gate by making usewof the following logic circuit :wwcircuitAA B1BEquivalent toAA BA BA erials-tamil-medium-english-medium.html

www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sampleSura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom Target3.57Give the truth table of XOR gates for two inputs.A00114.OutputC0110B0101What is a full adder ?ks.InputcomThe truth table for XOR gate is,abooThe unit that adds three binary digits is called a full adder.A full adder consists of three inputs and two outputs.Two of the inputs represent the two significant bits towww.Padasalai.Netbe added and the third one represents the carry from theurprevious significant position.Two Marks Questions :wI.sOther Important Questionsww1.What is Not Gate ?The NOT gate, called a logical inverter, has only one input.It reverses the logical state. In other words the output C isalways the complement of the input. The logical symbolof the NOT gate isAorders@surabooks.comC glish-medium.html

www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sample58Sura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom Target2.What is an adders ?The circuit that performs addition within the Arithmetic3.comand Logic Unit of the CPU are called adders.What is Flip - Flop ?A flip flop is a circuit which is capable of rememberingthe value which is given as input. Hence it can be usedks.as a basic memory element in a memory device. Thesecircuits are capable of storing one bit of information.abooII. Three Marks Questions :1.What is an AND Gate ?www.Padasalai.NetThe AND gate is so named because, if 0 is called “false”and 1 is called “true,” the gate acts in the same way as theurlogical “AND” operator. The output is “true” only when.sboth inputs are “true”, otherwise, the output is “false”. Inother words the output will be 1 if and only if both inputsware 1; otherwise the output is 0.wThe logical symbol of the AND gate isAwC ABB2.What is OR Gate ?The OR gate gets its name from the fact that it behaves likethe logical inclusive “OR”. The output is “true” if eitheror both of the inputs are “true”. If both inputs are study-materials-tamil-medium-english-medium.html

www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sampleSura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom Target59then the output is “false”. In otherwords the output willbe 1 if and only if one or both inputs are 1; otherwise, thecomoutput is 0. The logical symbol of the OR gate isAC A BBWhat is XOR Gate ?ks.3.The XOR (exclusive-OR) gate acts in the same way as theaboological “either/or.” The output is “true” if either, but notboth, of the inputs are “true.” The output is “false” if bothinputs are “false” or if both inputs are “true.” Anotherwww.Padasalai.Netway of looking at this circuit is to observe that the outputuris 1 if the inputs are different, but 0 if the inputs are the.ssame. The logic circuit of XOR gate isABBABA .BC A .B A .BA. aterials-tamil-medium-english-medium.html

www.Padasalai.Netwww.TrbTnpsc.comThis material only for sampleSura’s Computer Science Std. XI Sigaram Thoduvom Target615. Operating SystemTextual QuestionsTwo Marks Questions :1.Who will access the computer hardware directly ?comI.2.Define an OS.ks.Operating system will access the computer hardwaredirectly.abooThe Operating System is one program running at all timeson the computer. An Operating System is an interfacebetween the user and hardware.www.Padasalai.NetII. Three Marks Questions :Name some of the required features of OperatingSystem.ur1.sThe desirable characters of the Operating System are,User Interface,(ii)Memory management,www(i)(iii) Process management,(iv) File management,(v)Networking Capabilities management,(vi) Security Management,(vii) Fault tolerance,(viii) Application Base and(ix) Distributed Operating 1http

www.surabooks.com XI - Standard. SURA PUBLICATIONS. Chennai. Salient Features : Updated as per the Revised Edition of Textbook 2017-18 Complet