Shabahat Husain Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India .
How subjects are developed and where they can be ap propriately placed, i.e. the work on the Idea Plane.What notational techniques may be evolved to pro vide infinite hospitality in the array of main classes i.e. the work on the Notational Plane.Shabahat HusainDepartment of Library ScienceAligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IndiaI. Work on the Idea PlaneA Theoretical Basisfor the Accomodationof New Subjects in ColonClassification Edition 7Husain, A.: A theoretical basis for the accomodation of new sub jects in Colon Classification, Edition 7.InLClassif. 16( 1989)No.2, p.82-88, 13 rcfs.As the universe of subjects is developing at an increasingly fasterrate, the accomodation of new subjects has always been a proh lelll for all classification schemes. Colon Classification, with itsstrong base provided by the 'Dynamic theory of ever-growinguniverse of subjects', of which the 7th ed. is a culmination, hastackled this problem at the conceptual level. The article seeks todescribe how ee7 has tried to solve the problem on the IdeaPlane and how the notational system could be made to admit aninfinite number of newcomers without disturbing the infrastruc ture of the existing subjects. It is concluded that a theory-basedscheme, like Ce7, is more suited to cope with the accelerated pro liferation of subjects than a non-theory-based scheme. AuthorO. IntroductionIn the wake of an unprecedented growth of literarywarrant in various developing fields, expecially duringthe second half of the 20th century, the accomodation ofnew subjects has been a problem for all classificationschemes, with Colon Classification forming no excep tion. The measure of incidence of the growing number ofsubjects can be conjectured from the fact that the numberof Basic Subjects in Colon Classification alone has in creased from a mere two dozen in the 1st edition (1933) to779 in the 7th edition (1987). Even this figure does notshow the real picture because many subjects like SystemsBasic Subjects and Environmentcd Basic Subjects arenot completely enumerated in the Schedule of Basic Sub jects in Colon Classification 7th edition (hereafter calledCC7). Neverthcless, in the process of their making, newsubjects with separate disciplines and published outputhave crystallized out so clearly that a classificationistmay find it helpful to assign to such new fields of speeial isation new basic subjects not already enumerated in theSchedule of Basic Subjects in the classification schemeconcerned. Under such circumstances, the accomoda tion of newly emerging subjects becomes imperative forthe survival of a classification scheme.The present study seeks to investigate how CC7, withits strong theoretical base, has dealt with the problem of agrowing universe of subjects. For this purpose it will beconvenient to find out:82The universe of subjects is growing at a precarious andever faster rate. One way of dealing with this situation isto revise the classification scheme time and again, which,of course, requires a strong central organization withsolid financial backing. Even with these facilities, the in evitable delay in revision, printing and publishing etc.may hamper the library processing of documents, deal ing with the subjects which - from the point of view ofhelpfulness to spccialists - should preferably be assignedtheir own new Basic Subjects rather than existing ones.Another way to have some control over the situation,as suggested by Dr.Ranganathan, is to make an indepthstudy of each of such basic subjects to recognize differentmodes of formation of subjects, and then categorize themodes into a few patterns at a near-seminal or concep tual leve!'Further to secure consistency and facilitate the arrange ment of new Basic Subjects amongst the existing ones,several guiding principles according to the GeneralTheory of Library Classification are used for each mode.Thus, the work in the Idea Plane for a' growing universeof subjects will bc completed by the following two steps:Modes of formation of subjects;Arrangement of subjects in a helpful sequenceRanganathan recognized five modes of formation ofsubjects and their arrangement (1, p.351), viz. (a) Dissec tion, (b) Lamination, (c) Denudation, (d) Loose Assem blage, (e) Superimposition.Neclameghan redefined and rcgrouped them (2) as fol lows:Mode of/ormationName o.j"subjec( formed1.Formation of PrimaryBasic Subjccts (PBS)Fissioned PBS1.1 FissionDistilled PBS Kind I1.21 Distillation Kind 1Distilled PBS Kind 21.22 Distillation Kind 2Fused PBS1.3 Fusion1.4 ClusteringClustered PBS2. Formation of Non-PrimaryBasic SubjectsSecondary Basic Subjects2.1 FissionCompound Basic Subjects2.2 Lamination 2(A) Compound PBS(B) Compound SBSAgglomerate Basic Subjects2.3 AggolomerationCC7, however, uses a different terminology (3, p.66-68)for each type of subjects formed by different modes, asgiven below:Mode offormationName o.fsubjectformed1. Formation of Main SubjectsTraditional Basic Subjects1.1 FissionDistilled BS1.21 Distillation Kind IDistilled BS1.22 Distillation Kind 21.3 FusionFused BSSubject Bundle1.4 ClusteringInt. Classif. 16 (1989) No.2 - Husain - Accomodation ofnew subjects i n CC7
1,1.21 Distillation Kind 12.Formation of Non Main Basic SubjectsCanonical Basic SubjectsFission2.2 Lamination22 .2 1 SpeeialsBS2 .22 Environmented BS2 .2 3 Systems BS2 .2 4 Compound BS2.3 AgglomerationAgglomerate BS2.1It may be interesting to note that CC7 has retained theold terminology as used in the late 60's and early 70's (2,p.156).1.1 Formation of Main SubjectsMain Subjects (MS) are the ones belonging to the firstorder of array in a classification scheme. They are formedby the following modes:1.1.1 Fission"Fission is the process of division or splitting or breakingup into parts" (4 , p.43). The first order afMS designatedas the traditional MS in CC7 (3, p.66) are supposed tohave formed by fission. The traditional MS appear to fallinto the following four broad groups in CC7 (3, p.52):(IIXil'H""'ItI'''"II IIII I I I I I II I III IArrangement: Itmay be noted thatthe MS formed by Dis tillation Kind 1, either deal with a 'service' aspect or a'methodology' aspect. As these subjects can be as sociated with all the traditional MS, they thereforeprecede the traditional MS in CC7. The following prin ciples of helpful sequence have been used in their arrangewment:I UVWXYI(I) Principle of Later-in-timeI IUu. GeD . H 1. MSci. fto. Soc. 1!1'I.BCOlFClIlll1Information ScienceLibrary ScienceBook ScienceManagement ScienceResearch MethodologyConference TechniquesISocial&iemsHUlllaniliesMali. P . (n g. ( e[JJ. htb. Bio. 16. BB!. A r.loo. Med.A particular idea. when practiced in different fields,develops into a new subject. For example, Conferencesare organized in different fields. Similarly, Research isconducted in various subjects. Consequently, on thebasis of experiments and experience in diverse fields, newsubjects like Conference Techniques and ResearchMethodology are developed. This type of formation ofsubjects is called Distillation Kind I (5). In the past fewdecades, several such subjects have been formulated andare, therefore, included in CC7. For exampleSuch a grouping of subjects is found in some of thephilosophical systems of knowledge classification.Arrangement: The sequence ofMS in all four groups is ingeneral conformity with the following two principles ofhelpful sequence:(1) Decreasing Pl'ed;ctahilily and Increasing Richness ofContentsThis principle is followed in the arrangement of MS inCC7. At one end of the spectrum there are subjects likeMathematics, Physics, etc. with relatively more predicwtive quality but less contents, while on the other end, thesubjects in the Social Sciences field are to be found, whichhave less predictive quality but are richer in contents.(II) Pure discipline, applied disciplineWithin each broad group, the MS are arranged accordwing to this principle. For examplePure disciplineApplied disciplinePhysics C is followed byChemistry E is followed byBotany I is followed byZoology K is followed byEngineering DChemical Technology FAgriculture JAnimal Husbandry KXApplying the pure discipline and applied disciplinesequence, a number of new applied disciplines have beeninterpolated in CC7. For exampleLibrary Serviceis placed as adjunct to Library ScienceApplied Mathematics is placed as adjunct to MathematicsApplied Physicsis placed as adjunct to PhysicsInt. ClassiC 16 (1989) No. 2- Husain -Accomodation ofnew subjects in CC7In view ofthe assumption that the services emerged earwlier than the pure discipline dealing with a'methodology', the subjects dealing with the 'service'aspect have been placed in advance of those dealing withthe 'methodology' aspect. This is in accordance with theprinciple of laterwinwtime.(II) Principle of General (o SpecificThe Distilled MS Kind I dealing with the 'service'aspect are arranged according to this principle. Some ofthe Distilled MS Kind 1 dealing with 'service', takenfrom CC7 are given below:Information ScienceUniverse of Subjects2Library Science3Book Science3V Reading Methods3X Notes Taking3Y5 Mass Communication4JournalismExhibition Techniques56Museology01I(III) Principle of Scheduled MnemonicsThe Distilled MS Kind I dealing with themethodology aspect are arranged by the following Prin ciple of Scheduled Mnenomics. The semantically richdigits used to denote these subjects are taken from theSchedule of Common Isolates, as given onSpecification MethodologyResearch MethodologyEvaluation MethodologyConference TechniqueCommission Technique83
1.1.22 Distillation Kind 2For some sociological or academic reasons, a particu lar idea (or sometimes several ideas) hitherto occurringin a particular basic subject becomes the focus of studyand ultimately develops into a new subject. This mode offormation of subjects is called Distillation Kind 2 (5,p.167). The following subjects, taken from CC7 as ex amples, have developed as a result of Dislillalion Kind 2:BTBTTBTVBYStatistical CalculusOperations ResearchInformation TheoryCybernetics1.1.3 FusionAs a result of interdisciplinary research, subjects as sociated with two different MS combine together in sucha way that a new subject of interdisciplinary nature isdeveloped. This process is known as Fusion (6), and thesubjects thus formed are called Fused MS (3, p.66). A fewexamples from CC7 are given tryArrangement: The sequence between a new Fused MS(e.g. Astrophysics) and an existing MS (e.g. Astronomy)is determined by applying the Principle of Later-in-time,as shown below:BX AstronomyBYC AstrophysicsWhen several such subjects appear as adjuncts to ahost MS, they are arranged by applying the Principle ofSystematic Mnemonics and Scheduled Mnemonics. Thesequence af the above mentioned Fused MS conforms tothe above principles.1.1.4 ClusteringDuring the past few decades a new trend of researchhas come into being in which an idea becomes the focusof study from the standpoint of scholars in different sub jcct fields. For example, the idea 'West Asia' may be stud ied by Mathematicians, Geographers, Political Scien tists, Sociologists, Economists, etc. The result of such re searches may be put together in what may be called 'WestAsian Studies'. Such formation of subjects, involving therounding-up of different subjects around a nodal point iscalled Clustering (7). Subjects thus formed are desig nated in CC7 as Subject Bundle. "A Subject Bundle com prehends subjects drawn from different disciplinespursued by different specialists" (3, p.6 ). "These aremis sion-oriented studies usually of applied nature and usu ally come in the domain of what is popularly called 'BigScience' (8, p.6). SubjectBundles are developed by thefol lowing three types of studies:84(I) Area SIudies: In this type of study, a particular areabecomes the focus of study by specialists in different sub jects. In CC7, such subjects have been grouped into onemain class, denoted by 'OU'. The areas under study,forming Personality Isolates [l P l ] of this main class, aretaken from the Schedule of Space Isolates (G.D.). Ex amples:ouArrangement: The MS so formed arc usually placed,and logically so, as adjuncts to the host MS from whichthey have developed. Hence, the above MS are placed asadjuncts to Mathematics B. In CC7, such subjects are des ignated by the common term 'Distilled MS' (3, p.66).ByeBYEBYGBYT(I) Area Studies(II) OeneraJia 'Person' Studies(III) Entity or Phenomenon StudiesArea Study [IPI]isolates to be taken by (OD)OU,41 SinologyOU ,42Japan StudiesOU,44IndologyOU,5 European StudiesOU,55 German Studies(II) Gelleralia 'Persoll' SIudies: A particular person ofnational or international importance may be studied bythe specialists in different subjects. For example RonaldReagan, Ex-President of the USA, may be studied fromthe point of view of different subjects as follows:Reagan's role in the Middle EastReagan's policy of Nuclear DisarmamentThe impact of Reagan's policies on the US EconomyThe above research topics may be put together in whatmay be known as 'Reagan Studies'. Such subjects, whichare of relatively recent origin, have been dealt with inCC7 under a separate main class called Generalia 'Per son' Studies, denoted by 'OW'. The dates of birth of thepersons under study, comprising the isolates in Personal ity Facet [IPI] in schedule 'OW', are taken by the Chrono logical Device (CD). Some examples are given below:owGeneralia 'Person' Studies[IPI] isolates to be taken by (CD)OW,M6 Ghandi Studies (born in 1 869)OW,NI I Reagan Studies (born in 1911)OW,NI7 Indira Studies (born in 1917)(III) Entity or Phenomenon SIudy: A particular entityor phenomenon becomes the focus of study from thepoint of view of different subjects. Such subjects aregrouped into two categories: A. Those having a widerange of input: While studying a particular entity or phe nomenon, input subjects may have a wide range stretch ing from natural sciences to social sciences. Such subjectsare more of a general nature and therefore are placed ear lier in the Schedule of Basic Subjects in CC7. They are de noted by OX. The isolates in Personality Facet [IPI] inthis schedule are taken by Subject Device (SD). Ex amples:oxStudy of entity/phenomenon)[IPI] derived by (SD)OX(C l ,l l l) S[udyof timeOX(W; 18 L) Peace researchOX(Y;3195) Leisure research B. Those having a restricted range of input: Here theinput subjects studying an entity/phenomenon comemainly from the Natural Sciences alone. For example'soil' may be studied from the viewpoints of engineering,physics, chemistry, agriculture, microbiology, etc. Allsuch contributions give rise to a subject called 'soilsciences'. Such subjects are placed close to the naturalsciences as given below:Int. Ciassif. 16 (1989) No. 2- Husain- ACCoIllodation ofnew subjects in CC7
AAXNatural SciencesStudy of entity/phenomenon from different angles(input mainly from the Natural Sciences)AXB Environmental SciencesAXC Surface SciencesAXD Soil SciencesAXE Materials SciencesAXF Hydro SciencesAXG Ocean SciencesAXJ Atmosphere SciencesAXK Space SciencesIn the above examples, the grouping is roughly solid as sociated (AXC, AXD, AXE), liquid associated (AXF,AXG), gas associated (AXl, AXK), conforming to thePrinciples of Systematic Mnemonics as well as ScheduledMnemonics.Arrangement: The three varieties ofMS, viz. Area Stud ies, Generalia Person Studies and EntityjPhenomenonStudies (with input from the Natural Sciences and the So cial Sciences), are arranged in CC7 by applying the Prin ciple of Later-in-time. Area Studies were earliest toemerge, followed by Generalia Person Studies and En tity/Phenomenon Studies. Therefore, the sequence inCC7is:OU Area StudiesOW Generalia Person StudiesOX Entity/Phenomenon Studies90 Experiment Methodology9[4 Data collection and analysis9f5 Discussion Methodology9[6 Postulation917 Abstract Model9f8 Planning Methodology(2) For the Fissioned MS, C Physics, the followingCanonical Classes are given:C2C3C4C5C6C7Properties of MatterSoundHeatRadiationElectricityMagnetism(3) For the Fused MS, HV Geophysics, the CanonicalBS are:HV2HV3HV4HV5HV8HV8lHV83HV86Internal rologyMeteorologyAeronomyIonosphere StudiesIt may be noted that HV Atmospherology has again be come fissioned into canonical classes of a later order.1.2.2 Lamination Kind 21.2 Formation of Non-Main Basic SubjectsNon-Main BS are derived from MS. As dcfined inCC7 (3, p.66) "the term Non-Main BS denotes a subjecthaving as its constituents a main subject - host main sub ject - and one of the other of the following four otherkinds of constituents:(a)(b)(c)(d)Canonical constituentSpecials constituentEnvironmented constituentSystem constituentConsequently, a host main subject plus one of the aboveconstituents will give rise to what is called a CanonicalBS, Specials BS, Environmented BS, and Systems BS.The following modes are recognized in their formation:2.1 Fission2.2 Lamination22.3 Agglomeration1.2.1 FissionCanonical BS are formed by the process of fission orsplitting of Main Subjects (9, p.189). As the literature in aparticular Main Subject grows, a stage may be reachedwhere scholars may find it convenient to divide theirwhole field into separate specialized sub-fields which arethemselves, after some time, treated as independent sub jects. Thus, "the term 'Canonical BS' denotes a tradi tional division of a Main Subject" (3, p.66). The Canoni cal BS are enumerated in a number of Main Subjects inCC7. Here are some examples:(I) FOl' the Distilled MS,9f Research Methodology, thefollowing Canonical Classes are given:9f1 Survey Methodology9 2 Observation Methodologylnt. Classif. 16 (1989) No.2 - Husain -Accomodation ofnew subjects in CC7"Lamination is construction by overlaying facet onfacet" (1, p.354). It is of two kinds: Kind I involves lami nating one oi- more isolate facets over a basic facet to pro duce a compound subject (10, p.152). Lamination Kind 2consists of the attachment of a speciator or qualifier to amain subject (9, p.190). The latter gives rise to three typesof non-main BS as detailed below:1.2.21 Specials Basic Subjects"The term 'Specials BS' denotes a division of a MainSubject, in which the subject of study is restricted in somespecial manner" (3, p.66). Specials BS are formed when acore entity of study in a main subject is restricted or qual ified by the help of a speciator which is a relevant charac teristic of the subject concerned. For example, in Medi cine, the human body, which is the core entity of study,may be qualified by speciators such as 'by age', or 'bysex'. In CC7, Specials BS are listed Physics, Chemistry,Botany, Zoology, and Medicine. A hyphen (-)is used as aspeciator symbol. Examples taken from the MedicineSchedule are listed below:L-9A Specials in MedicineL-9B* by ageL-9B Embryology, humanL-9C Child MedicineL-9D Adolescence MedicineL-9E Adult MedicineL-9F Old Age MedicineL-9G* by sexL-9G Male MedicineL-9H Female MedicineL-9J Eunuch Medicine1.2.22 Environmented Basic SubjectsStudies pursued for the entities found in an extra-nor mal environment ultimately give rise to what are known85
as Environmented BS. An Environmented BS is formedwhen a core entity of study in a particular main subject isrestricted or qualified by such a relevant characteristic asenvironment. The schedule of Environmented Divisionsgiven as chapter DD in the scheme under discussion isused to construct class numbers for Environmented BS.CC7 attcmpts "to bring together in each Main Subject allthe documents on thc study of entity in each of the extra normal environments" (3, pA2). Although therc can beno limit to such subjects, yet depending upon the literarywarrant, many Environmented BS are listed in the Sched ules of Main Subjects like Engineering, Biology, Botany,Agriculture, Zoology, Animal Husbandry, Medicine,Psychology, and Economics. Some examples are givenhere:D-9UK2 Descrt EngineeringD-9Um7 Mountain EngineeringG-9Up Marine BiologyG-9U3 Tropical BiologyL-9Un4 High Altitude MedicineL-9Ux Space MedicineL-9U3 Tropical MedicineL-9U8 Polar Medicine1.2.23 Systems Basic SubjectsThe term 'Systems BS' denotes a division of Main Sub jects or Non-Main BS expounded according to a specificsystem or school of thought other than what is currentlypopular (3, p.67). These subjects are formed when a coreentity of study in a particular basic subject may be qual ified by the help of a speciator dealing with 'schools ofthought' or 'system'. For example, the human body,which is a core entity of study in Medicine, may be qual ified by a speciator dealing with different systems ofMedicine as given below:L-B*Z Indian Systems of McdicillcL-B AyurvedaL-C SiddhaL-D UnaniL-K AllopathyL-IHomeopathyL-M NaturopathyMedicineMedicine-specials BSMedicine-Environmented BSMedicinc-Systems BS1.2.24 Compound Basic SubjectsThe process of lamination may assume another dimen sion to form a Compound Basic Subject. Generally, aNon-Main BS is comprised of a main constituent (i.e.Host MS) and a non-main constituent, which is either acanonical or special or environmented or system divi sion. If two or more kinds of non-main constituents arelaminated with the Host Main Subject, the resulting sub ject is a Compound Basic Subject. In case all the four non main constituents are present in a Compound BS, theirsequence 'wiIl be: systems constituent, environmentedconstituent, specials constituent, and canonical constitu ent (3, p.67). Example:Xl-9V-9H-3 Distribution in public enterprise in capitalistic economics during war time.In the above class number the following componentsdeal withCapitalistic economies (systems constitu Xlent)X9Veconomics during war (environmented con stituent)X9Heconomics of public enterprise (specialsconstituent)X3economics of distribution (canonical con stituent)Such Compound Basic Subjects are gaining literary war rant at the present time, hence some of them are listed inthe Schedule of Basic Subjects.1.2.3 AgglomerationApart from Medicine, Systems BS occur in such mainsubjects as Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Philoso phy, Psychology, Education, Economics. Here are somecxamples:B2-N Boolean AlgebraS-N Gestalt PsychologyX-M2SocialismIt may be noted that the Systems BS listed in Chapter DEof CC7 are only illustrative, and many more such sub jects may be formed in the same way, thus supporting thehypothesis that the number of basic subjects will alwayslllcrease.Arrangement: The sequence between a Main Subject anda Non-Main BS conforms to the principle of DecreasingExtension. The sequence between the three types of BS86for a given Main Subject is according to the Principle ofLater-in-time. This is in accordance with the assumptionthat the Specials emerged first, followed by Environ mented and Systems Studies. Example:Partial Comprehensions now called 'Agglomerates'are formed as a result of Agglomeration. They consist ofsubjects treated either integrally or disjunctively in oneand the same document. The process of agglomeration isthe collecting together of entities into larger masseswithout cohesion among the components. The Agglom erates, in fact, are the major divisions of knowledge andhave meaning only with reference to the Schedule of Ba sic Subjects in a classification scheme (11).Partial Comprehensions or Agglomerates, as they arecalled, are sometimes confused with Subject Bundles.However, "a Partial Comprehension generally compre hends a few consecutive Basic Subjects or even Isolates.On thc contrary, a Subject Bundle comprehends subjectsdrawn from different disciplines pursued by different spe cialists". (3,p.68)Agglomerate BS emerge from time to time and areplaced immediately earlier to the first of the successive Ba sic Subjects they comprehend, thus conforming to theInt. Classif. 16 (1989) No. 2- Husain -Accomodatioll ofllew subjects in CC7
'Principle of Decreasing Extension'. An Agglomerate BSis indicated by the symbol *Z. Some of the AgglomerateBS given in CC7 are enumerated below:A*ZB*ZB*ZZBX*Zc*zD*ZE *ZSciences (Natural and Social)Mathematical and Physical SciencesMathematical ScienceAstronomy and AstrophysicsPhysical SciencesEngineering and TechnologyChemical SciencesAnalysis of the Schedule of Basic Subjects in CC7M 'a.in Subjects CMode of formationof subjects--------'-Number of subjectsFission 1FusionDistillation IDistillation 2Clustering304117484Total1401. 891.98991.998.Because the last digits of the three bases used in CC arepostulated to be ED, any number of extrapolations ispossible at the end of each zone. Besides, 'Paketted Nota tion' may also be invoked for the purpose. The followingdiagram shows the capability of ED for extrapolation inan array:I II . ,Ga ' It1101I II.Bt IItIIY1'1 . wiI.t AINote, upward arrows (1') indicate the possibility of ex trapolation.--Non-Main Basic SubjectsMode of formationof subjectsFission 2Lamination 2Agglomeration38320551Total639Grand Total779*II.2 Interpolation of SubjectsInterpolation in an array is secured in CC7 by postulat ing certain digits as Emptying Digits and Empty-Empty ing Digits (12, p.225-226).Number of subjects(* This figure includes all the Basic Subjects, irrespective of theirtype, given in the schedule of Basic Subjects.)II. Work on the Notational PlaneWhile the Idea Plane recognizes new Basic Subjectsand determines their helpful position in arrays, the no tational plane attempts to assign numbers to them in thealready existing sequence of Basic Subjects. The new Ba sic Subjects may have to be accomodated either at theends (Extrapolation) or in between two consecutiveclasses of an array (Interpolation). Thus, the work on theNotational Plane involves Extrapolation and Interpola tion in arrays.11.1 Extrapolation of SubjectsExtrapolation is made possible either by leaving cer tain numbers unused at the end of the array or by thc helpof a Sector Device (I. p.311). CC uses a mixed base con sisting of23 Roman small letters (except i, 1, 0); 10 Indo Arabic numerals and 26 Roman capitals. In the SectorDevice, the digits z, 0, 9 and Z are postulated to be'Empty Digits' (ED). These digits, although allowed to re tain their ordinal value, are postulated to loose theirsemantic value, i.e. they cannot represent a subject unlesspreceded by a semantically rich digit. For example, abase of IAN with 9 as an ED, can be extendcd asInt. Classif. 16 (1989) No.2 - Husain - Accomodation ofnew subjects in CC711.2.1 Emptying Digits (EgD)The digits T, V, and X are deemed to be EgO. The fol lowing postulates are associated with these digits:(I) All of them arc semantically rich when used as sing lets.(II) Each of the EgO will empty the semantic richness ofthe digit prefixed to it, but allows it to retain its ordi nal value.(III) The digit pair, so formed, can represent a new subject.Emptying digits have been used frequently for interpola tion of a number of subjects in CC7. Two examples aregiven below:(2) K ZoologyKX Animal HusbandryL Medicine(I) H GeologyHX Mining1BotanyFurther Interpolation: Two emptying digits may be usedsuccessively to allow further interpolations (3, p.37)MathematicsBBT Statistical AnalysisBTT Operations ResearchIn BTT, the first EgO i.e. T empties the semantic richnessof the preceding digit B. The second T empties its preced ing digit T of its semantic value. Finally, the interpolatedsubject is represented by BTT. Several subjects have beeninterpolated like this in the schedule of Basic Subjects inCC7.Emptying Digits make provision for twelve interpola tions.It may be observed that the three EgO make provisionfor only 12 interpolations in between two consecutiveclasses, as shown below:CPhllits. firs! 1 !el ola!ioABHBNBilBWOWBVImBIVB . Se!o d IB!el ola!ion87
11.2.2 Empty-Emptying Digits (EED)To achieve infinite hospitality in arrays, each of thedigits U, W, and Y is deemed to be EED. The followingpostulates are associated with them:(I) All of them are semantically rich when used as sing lets.(II) Each one of them will empty the semantic richnessof the digit preceded by it.(III) The digit pair so formed cannot represent a new con cept unless followed by a semantically rich digit.Example:LLTLTTLU 1LU5LU6LU7LUDLXMedicinePhysical Exercises and SportsErgonomicsSocial MedicinePublic HealthHospitalSanatoriumMedical TechnologyPharmacognosytheory-based scheme will wander in wilderness to copewith the accelerated proliferations in the Universe of Sub jects. The life of a classification scheme, in fact, dependsupon its capacity to meet the challenge of a growing Uni verse of Subjects. In the words of Ranganathan, "Colonsification version 3 (7th cd.) will be worthy of being con tinued without serious changes for a period much largerthan the earlier versions of CC or than any non-facetedscheme for classification, old or new" (13, p.2 l).However, it remains to be seen how far his dream willcome true.ReferencesFrom the above examples, it may be observed that thesubjects from LUI to LUD have been interpolated byusing U as EED. It may further be noted that the digit Uwhen preceded by L could not represent a concept unlessthe digit pair LU was followed by a semantically richdigit, which may come either from Roman small lettersor IAN or Roman capitals. In this way any number ofnew subjects can be accomodated at any point in thearray of Basic Subjects, thus securing infinite hospitalityin the Notational Plane.III. ConclusionThus it may be concluded Ihat a theory-based schemelike CC7 can easily keep step with the new developmentsin the Universe of Subjects by providing an inner mecha nism for the accomodation of new subjects, while a oon-(1) Ranganathan, S.R.: Prolegomena to library classification.3rd ed. Bombay, etc.: Asia Publ.House 1967. 640p.(2) Neelameghan, A.: Basic subjects. Libr.Sci.Slant Doc.lO(l973)No.2. p.149·I 57(3) Ranganathan, S.R.: Colon Classification. 7th ed. Bal1galore:SaradaRanganathanEndowmentforLi
Shabahat Husain Department of Library Science Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India A Theoretical Basis for the Accomodation of New Subjects in Colon Classification Edition 7 Husain, A.: A theoretical basis for the accomodation of new sub j
SHABAHAT HUSAIN Chairman DEPARTMENT OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY, ALIGARH (INDIA) 1998-99 . . Prof. Shabahat Husain ('hairman Po wl Uhhcss 4/465, SHARAFAT LODGE (BEHIND AKBAR MARKET), CIVIL LINES . 3.3 Sengupta: "Organization, classification and quantitativ
PROF. MONO. SABIR HUSAIN Chairman DEPARTMENT OF LIBRARY & INFORMATION SCIENCE ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSIT r ALIGARH (INDIA) 1994 . DS-a ol ( J . LIBRARY CLASSIFICATION IN AN ON-LINE CATALOGUE 6. ON-LINE LIBRARY CATALOGUES AND E-{ALP PART - TWO . Mr. Shabahat Husain, Mr. S. Hasan Zamarru
SHABAHAT HUSAIN Chairman DEPARTMENT OF LIBRARY & INFORMATION SCIENCE . supervisor Prof Shabahat Husain, Chairman, Department of Library and Information Science, AMU, Aligarh, who despite of his busy schedule, . Classification and quantitative evaluation of publication patterns of all macr
Shabahat Husain* and Mohammad Nazim** *Head DLIS Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh **Assistant Librarian . library professionals are facing in the changing and . (cataloguing,
BSc (Hons) Botany (main), Zoology & 1st Aligarh Muslim University Chemistry MSc Botany with specialization 1st Aligarh Muslim University in Plant Pathology MPhil Botany - Aligarh Muslim University PhD Plant Virology - Wage
esteemed teacher and supervisor, Prof Shabahat Husain, Chairman, Deptt. Of Library and Information Science, A.M.U., Aligarh, for his excellent guidance, sustained interest, sympathetic and motivating at
Husain Husain Ahmed Saeed Mansoor Alasfoor. 11 Ismaeel Mustafa Ismaeel Alawadhi Jamila Zarkhan Mirazam K.Saleh . Lulwa Hamad Ahmed Khalifa Alsisi Albuainain Mahmood Khalid Mahmood Husain Ali Manar Ebrahim Ali Saif Abdulrahman Marwa Abdullatif Abdulrahman Mohamed Maryam Habib Khan Bakhtawar Khan Sayed Khan Maryam Mohamed Ebrahim Mohamed .
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