Chapter 12 DNA And RNA Section Review 12-2
019-32 CH12 60773 10/29/01 11:09 PM Page 20NameClassDateChapter 12 DNA and RNASection Review 12-2Reviewing Key ConceptsCompletion On the lines provided, choose the words that correctly completethe following sentences.1. During DNA replication, the DNA molecule(separates/combines) into two strands.2. At the end of DNA replication,(four/two) newstrands of DNA have been produced, giving a total of(four/six) strands of DNA.3. New DNA is replicated in strands complementary to old DNA because productionof new DNA follows the rules ofdouble helix).(base pairing/theIdentifying Structures On the lines corresponding to the numbers on the diagram,write whether the strand pointed to is an original strand or a new strand.5.4.4.5.6.7.Nitrogenous bases7.Reviewing Key Skills8. Hypothesizing The length of a bacterium’s DNA may be 1000 times the length ofthe cell within which it is contained. Suggest an explanation for how this can occur.9. Comparing and Contrasting How does the structure of a eukaryotic chromosomeduring mitosis differ from its structure during the rest of the cell cycle?20Teaching Resources /Chapter 12 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.6.
019-32 CH12 60773 10/29/01 11:09 PM Page 21NameClassDateChapter 12 DNA and RNASection Review 12-3Reviewing Key ConceptsCompletion On the lines provided, complete the following sentences.1. The three main types of RNA are,, and.2. Copying part of a nucleotide sequence of DNA into a complementarysequence in RNA is called.3. An enzyme that binds to DNA during transcription is RNA.4. During the process ofcarried by mRNA is used to produce proteins., the information5. Each tRNA molecule contains three bases, called the, which ensure that amino acids areadded in the correct sequence.Reviewing Key Skills6. Comparing and Contrasting How are DNA and RNA similar? How arethey different? Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.7. Comparing and Contrasting How are the three types of RNA different?8. Hypothesizing How would it benefit a cell to possess a sequence of DNA thatcould be transcribed and then edited into several different mRNA molecules?9. Applying Concepts What amino acids would be produced from themRNA sequence CGCUAUAGC?10. Applying Concepts Suppose the DNA sequence GCTATATCG waschanged to GCGATATCG. How would the products of transcriptionand translation be affected?Teaching Resources /Chapter 1221
019-32 CH12 60773 10/29/01 11:09 PM Page 22NameClassDateChapter 12 DNA and RNASection Review 12-4Reviewing Key ConceptsCompletion On the lines provided, complete the following sentences.1. Genetic information is altered when changes in the DNA sequence,called, occur.2. Changes in the DNA sequence of a single gene are called.3. The DNA sequence of an entire chromosome is affected by a(an).Identifying Structures On the lines provided, identify each diagram as one ofthe following mutations: translocation, inversion, duplication, deletion.Then, describe what happens during each L7.GHIDE5.A5.A6.EBAF7.ABGCHDIJEKLFF8. Comparing and Contrasting How are frameshift and substitutionmutations similar? How are they different?9. Applying Concepts How can polyploidy in plants benefit humans?10. Applying Concepts Compare the original sequence GCA CCG AGAto the mutant sequence GCA CAC GAG and determine what type ofmutation has occurred.22Teaching Resources /Chapter 12 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.Reviewing Key Skills
Biology2012- ‐13Ms.AveryNameDateLabel each image with the name and location of the process shown. Use the word bank to label thearrows.ProcessLocationWord Bank for arrows (Some will be used more than once.)ProcessCodonNew DNAAnticodonOriginal DNAtRNAAmino AcidmRNADNALocationProcessLocation
NameDateSequence ChartList steps or events in order.Topic: Protein SynthesisWhat cess Name?
Place the following steps in the correct order in the sequence chart. The steps are NOT orderin the list!A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.Transfer RNA (tRNA) brings an amino acid to the ribosomeThe completed protein is released.Messenger RNA (mRNA) attaches to the ribosome.One strand of DNA is used as a template to make a strand of messenger RNA.Each new amino acid is joined to the chain with a peptide bond.mRNA codons are matched to complementary tRNA anticodonsRNA polymerase binds to DNA and separates the two strands.The chain grows until a “stop” codon is reached.Label the diagram below using letters of the steps above.
2. At the end of DNA replication, (four/two) new strands of DNA have been produced, giving a total of (four/six) strands of DNA. 3. New DNA is replicated in strands complementary to old DNA because production of new DNA follows the rules of (base pairing/the double helix). Identifying Structures On the lines corresponding to the numbers on the .
DNA AND RNA Table 4.1: Some important types of RNA. Name Abbreviation Function Messenger RNA mRNA Carries the message from the DNA to the protein factory Ribosomal RNA rRNA Comprises part of the protein factory Transfer RNA tRNA Transfers the correct building block to the nascent protein Interference RNA
of DNA- and RNA-binding residues on the COMB_T dataset. 46 Figure 4.2. Comparison between the DNA and RNA machine learning (ML) consensus that targets combined prediction of DNA- and RNA-binding residues and the considered predictors of DNA- or RNA-binding residues on the COMB_T test
(Structure of RNA from Life Sciences for all, Grade 12, Figure 4.14, Page 193) Types of RNA RNA is manufactured by DNA. There are three types of RNA. The three types of RNA: 1. Messenger RNA (mRNA). It carries information about the amino acid sequence of a particular protein from the DNA in the nucleus to th
3 DNA is a template in RNA synthesis In DNA replication, both DNA strands of ds DNA act as templates to specify the complementary base sequence on the new chains, by base-pairing. In transcription of DNA into RNA, only one DNA strand (the negative strand) acts as template. The sequence of the transcribed RNA corresponds to that of the coding
RNA and Protein Synthesis Genes- coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins within the cell. – In order to decode genes, the nucleotide sequence must be copied from DNA to RNA, as RNA contains the instructions for making proteins. 3 main differences between RNA and DNA: – The sugar in RNA is ribose instead of .
13.1 RNA RNA Synthesis In transcription, RNA polymerase separates the two DNA strands. RNA then uses one strand as a template to make a complementary strand of RNA. RNA contains the nucleotide uracil instead of the nucleotide thymine. Follow the direction
makeup of DNA. In RNA, thymine is replaced by the base uracil. In RNA, the sugar is ribose rather than the deoxyribose found in DNA. Structurally, the difference between RNA and DNA is that RNA exists as a single strand of nucleotides, whereas DNA is made up of two nucleotide strands.
Lagging strand- purpose is to help create more DNA and code for proteins along with leading strand 48. DNA Polymerase I- it’s purpose is to replace RNA primers 49. DNA ligase- fill gaps between Okazaki fragments 50. RNA primer- begin the new replicated DNA strand 51. DNA primase-
