Classic 1785 PLC5 User Manual - Rockwell Automation

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Allen BradleyClassic 1785 PLC 5ProgrammableControllers(1785 LT, LT2, LT3, LT4)UserManual

Important User InformationBecause of the variety of uses for the products described in thispublication, those responsible for the application and use of this controlequipment must satisfy themselves that all necessary steps have beentaken to assure that each application and use meets all performance andsafety requirements, including any applicable laws, regulations, codes,and standards.The illustrations, charts, sample programs, and layout examples shown inthis guide are intended solely for purposes of example. Since there aremany variables and requirements associated with any particularinstallation, Allen-Bradley does not assume responsibility or liability(to include intellectual property liability) for actual use based on theexamples shown in this publication.Allen-Bradley publication SGI-1.1, Safety Guidelines for the Application,Installation, and Maintenance of Solid State Control (available from yourlocal Allen-Bradley office), describes some important differences betweensolid-state equipment and electromechanical devices that should be takeninto consideration when applying products such as those described inthis publication.Reproduction of the contents of this copyrighted publication, in wholeor in part, without written permission of Allen-Bradley Company, Inc.,is prohibited.Throughout this manual we use notes to make you aware ofsafety considerations:ATTENTION: Identifies information about practices orcircumstances that can lead to personal injury or death,property damage, or economic loss.Attention statements help you to:identify a hazardavoid the hazardrecognize the consequencesImportant: Identifies information that is critical for successful applicationand understanding of the product.

Summary of ChangesSummary of ChangesThis manual has been revised to cover only Classic PLC-5 programmablecontrollers: PLC-5/10, -5/12, -5/15, and -5/25.It has also been revised to include the accompanying design worksheetsthat were formerly available as a separate publication: 1785-5.2. Thisseparate publication is no longer available; see Appendix B for theseworksheets.For information about Enhanced and Ethernet PLC-5 processors, see theEnhanced and Ethernet PLC-5 Programmable Controllers User Manual,publication 1785-6.5.12.i

Table of ContentsSummary of Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iClassic PLC 5 Programmable Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . .iiiPurpose of this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Manual Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .How to Use this Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iiiivivUnderstanding Your System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 1Using this Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Understanding the Terms Used in this Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Designing Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Preparing Your Functional Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Introducing Classic PLC 5 Processor Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Using the Classic PLC 5 Processor as a Remote I/O Scanner . . . .Using the Classic PLC 5 Processor as a Remote I/O Adapter . . . .1 11 11 21 31 51 81 9Choosing Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 1Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Selecting I/O Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Selecting I/O Adapter Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Selecting I/O Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Selecting an Operator Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Choosing a Classic PLC 5 Processor for Your Application . . . . . . .Selecting Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Selecting Memory Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Selecting a Replacement Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Selecting Complementary I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Selecting a PLC 5 Processor Backup System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Selecting Link Terminators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Connecting a Programming Terminal to a Processor Module . . . . .Choosing Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 12 12 42 62 62 92 92 132 132 132 142 152 152 15Placing System Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 1Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Determining the Proper Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Protecting Your Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Avoiding Electrostatic Damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Laying Out Your Cable Raceway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Planning Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Laying Out the Backpanel Spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Grounding Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 13 13 43 43 43 53 63 7

iiTable of ContentsAssigning Addressing Modes, Racks, and Groups . . . . . .4 1Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Placing I/O Modules in Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Understanding the Terms Used in this Chapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Choosing the Addressing Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Assigning Racks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Addressing Complementary I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 14 14 24 34 94 12Choosing Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 1Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Identifying Classic PLC 5 Processor Channels/Connectors . . . . . .Configuring Communication for Your Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Configuring a DH Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Connecting a DH Link to Data Highway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Choosing Programming Terminal Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 15 15 35 35 105 10Planning Your System Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 1Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Planning Application Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Using SFCs with PLC 5 Processors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Preparing the Programs for Your Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Addressing Data Table Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Using the Processor Status File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 16 16 16 36 76 9Selecting Interrupt Routines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 1Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Using Programming Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Writing a Fault Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Understanding Processor Detected Major Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 17 17 37 11Transferring Discrete and Block Transfer Data . . . . . . . . .8 1Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Transferring Data Using Adapter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Programming Discrete Transfer in Adapter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . .Programming Block Transfer in Adapter Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Transferring Data Using Scanner Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Programming Discrete Transfer in Scanner Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . .Programming Block Transfer in Scanner Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Programming Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 18 18 48 78 168 168 178 21

Table of ContentsiiiCalculating Program Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 1Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Introduction to Classic PLC 5 Processor Scanning . . . . . . . . . . . .I/O Scanning Discrete and Block Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Instruction Timing and Memory Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Program Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Direct and Indirect Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 19 19 59 79 139 13Maximizing System Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 1Chapter Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Components of Throughput . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Input and Output Modules Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I/O Backplane Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Remote I/O Scan Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Processor Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Calculating Throughput . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 110 110 110 210 210 610 6Selecting Switch Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A 1Chassis Backplane with Classic PLC 5 Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . .Chassis Backplane with Adapter Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Chassis Configuration Plug for Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Remote I/O Adapter Module 1771 ASB Series C withoutComplementary I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Remote I/O Adapter Module 1771 ASB Series C withComplementary I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .SW1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Adapter Mode Processors SW2 in a PLC 5 or Scanner Module . .Adapter Mode Processors SW2 in a PLC 2/20, 2/30,or Sub I/O Scanner Module System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Adapter Mode Processors SW2 in a PLC 3 or PLC 5/250System with 8 Word Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Adapter Mode Processors SW2 in a PLC 3 or PLC 5/250System with 4 Word Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .SW3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A 1A 2A 3A 4A 6A 7A 8A 9A 10A 11A 12Design Worksheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B 1Conventions Used in These Worksheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Prepare a Functional Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Determine Control Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Identify Chassis Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Select Module Types and List I/O Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Total I/O Module Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Assign I/O Modules to Chassis and Assign Addresses . . . . . . . . . .Select Adapter Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Place System Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B 1B 2B 4B 6B 7B 9B 10B 12B 14

ivTable of ContentsConfigure Switch Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Determine Communication Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Select a Classic PLC 5 Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Select Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Choose a Programming Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Select Programming Terminal Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Select Operator Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Develop Programming Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .B 15B 17B 21B 23B 24B 25B 26B 28

PrefaceClassic PLC 5 Programmable ControllersHow to UseYour DocumentationYour Classic PLC-5 Programmable Controllers documentation is organizedinto manuals according to the tasks you perform. This organization letsyou easily find the information you want without reading throughinformation that is not related to your current task. The arrow in Figure 1points to the book you are currently using.Figure 1Classic PLC 5 Programmable Controllers Documentation LibraryClassic 1785 PLC 5Programmable ControllersUser ManualClassic 1785 PLC 5Programmable ControllersHardware InstallationExplanation of processorfunctionality, systemdesign, and programmingconsiderations and worksheetsHow to install and setswitches for chassis,PLC 5 processor, howto wire and groundyour system1785 6.2.11785 6.6.16200 or AI Series SoftwareInstruction SetReference1785 PLC 5Programmable ControllersQuick ReferenceQuick access to switches,status bits, indicators,instructions, SW screens1785 7.1Instruction execution,parameters, statusbits and examples1785 6.1For more information on 1785 PLC-5 programmable controllers or theabove publications, contact your local Allen-Bradley sales office,distributor, or system integrator.Purpose of this ManualThis manual is intended to help you design a Classic PLC-5 programmablecontroller system. Use this manual to assist you in:selecting the proper hardware components for your systemdetermining the important features of classic PLC-5 processors and howto use those featuresplanning your classic PLC-5 system layoutiii

PrefaceManual OrganizationChapter /AppendixThis manual has ten chapters and two appendices. The following tablelists each chapter or appendix with its corresponding title and a briefoverview of the topics covered in it.Title1Understanding Your SystemProvides an overview of Classic PLC 5 processors in different system configurations. Providesan introduction to Classic PLC 5 processors and their primary features and configurations. Alsoprovides information on using a Classic PLC 5 processor as a remote I/O scanner or a remoteI/O adapter.2Choosing HardwareProvides information on your hardware choices when you design a Classic PLC 5 processorsystem.3Placing System HardwareDescribes proper environment, Classic PLC 5 processor protection, and prevention ofelectrostatic damage for your Classic PLC 5 programmable controller system. Also coversraceway and cable layout, backpanel spacing, and grounding configurations.4Assigning Addressing Mode,Rack, and GroupsDescribes the I/O addressing modes that you can choose for your chassis. Explains how youassign group and rack numbers to your I/O chassis. Also covers how you configurecomplementary I/O by assigning rack and group addresses.5Choosing CommunicationIdentifies each Classic 5 processor channel/connector, and explains how to configure yourClassic PLC 5 processor. Provides additional information about the Data Highway Plust(DH t) link, programming software, and programming terminal connections.6Planning Your System ProgramsExplains the use of sequential function charts (SFCs). Provides guidelines and examples forpreparing system programs. Provides a map of data table files and methods to address thedata table files. Explains how to use the processor status file.7Selecting Interrupt RoutinesSummarizes the conditions for which you would choose fault routines for your application.Provides a definition of fault routines.8Transferring Discrete andBlock Transfer DataExplains how your CLassic PLC 5 processor transfers discrete and block transfer data in bothscanner and adapter modes.9Calculating Program TimingProvides an overview of processor scan timing. Lists execution times and memoryrequirements for bit and word instructions as well as file instructions.10Maximizing System PerformanceExplains how to calculate throughput, and provides methods for optimizing I/O scan time.ASelecting Switch SettingsDescribes the switch settings for configuring a Classic PLC 5 programmable controller system.BDesign WorksheetsProvides worksheets to help the designer plan the system and the installer to install the system.How to Use this ManualivTopics CoveredThe following flow chart demonstrates a thought process that you can usewhen you plan your Classic PLC-5 programmable controller system.

PrefaceSystem DesignDeterminedSelect I/Omodules, terminalsAssignaddressingPlacehardwareConfigure processorcommunicationConfigure DataHighway PlusSelect adapter modulesSelect I/O chassisSelect power supplySelect PLC 5 processorSelect batteries andmemory modulesComplementary I/Oselected?Backup systemselected?AssigningAddressing Mode,Racks, and singCommunicationSelect programmingsoftwareDesign SFCsData table layout andprocessor statusPlanning YourSystem ProgramsUse fault routinesTransfer data in adapterand scanner modesI/O update and ladderprogram scan timesTransferringDiscrete andBlock DataCalculatingProgram Timingand MaximizingSystemPerformanceSince your decisions cannot always be made as a part of a strictly linearprocess, you can choose to complete tasks in parallel. When you selectyour I/O modules, for example, you can also begin to lay out and addressyour modules. Consult chapter 3, “Placing System Hardware,” todetermine environmental requirements, enclosures needed, cable layout,and grounding requirements for your chassis and I/O links. Also, you canchoose to assess block-transfer timing when you determine where you willplace your block-transfer modules (in the processor-resident local I/Ochassis, extended-local I/O chassis, or remote I/O chassis).v

Chapter1Understanding Your SystemUsing this ChapterUnderstanding the TermsUsed in this ChapterIf you want to read about:Go to page:Terms used in this chapter1 1Designing systems1 2Preparing your functional specification1 3Identifying Classic PLC 5 processor features1 5Using the Classic PLC 5 processor as a remote I/O scanner1 8Using the Classic PLC 5 processor as a remote I/O adapter1 9Become familiar with the following terms and their definitions.TermDefinitionProcessor residentlocal I/O chassisthe I/O chassis in which the PLC 5 processor is installedProcessor residentlocal I/OI/O modules located in the same chassis as the PLC 5 processorRemote I/O linka serial communication link between a PLC 5 processor port in scannermode and an adapter as well as I/O modules that are located remotelyfrom the PLC 5 processorRemote I/O chassisthe hardware enclosure that contains an adapter and I/O modules thatare located remotely on a serial communication link to a PLC 5processor in scanner modeDiscrete transfer datadata (words) transferred to/from a discrete I/O moduleBlock transfer datadata transferred, in blocks of data up to 64 words, to/from a block transfer I/O module (for example, an analog module)1-1

Chapter 1Understanding Your SystemDesigning SystemsYou can use Classic PLC-5 processors in a system that is designed forcentralized control or in a system that is designed for distributed control.HP 9000or VAXHostCentralized control is ahierarchical system where controlover an entire process isconcentrated in one processor.Programming TerminalDH LinkProgrammingTerminal withControlView SoftwareClassic PLC 5ProcessorRemote I/O LinkChassis with1771 ASBRemote I/OAdapterChassis with1771 ASBRemote I/OAdapterTo DECnet rDistributed control is a system inwhich control and managementfunctions are spread throughout aplant. Multiple processors handlethe control and managementfunctions and use a DataHighway or a bus systemfor communication.Pyramid IntegratorProgrammingTerminal6200 VMSINTERCHANGE SoftwareControlViewINTERCHANGESoftwareDH LinkPanelView OperatorTerminalRemote I/O LinkSeries 8600CNC withRemote I/OSLC 5/01 Processor7 slot Modular Systemwith 1747 DCM ModuleConsider the following items as general guidelines when designingyour system.Will your processor(s) be used in a centralized or distributed system?What type of process(es) will be controlled by the PLC-5 system?What processes will be controlled together?What are the environmental and safety concerns?What is the flow and functionality of your system?1-218084

Chapter 1Understanding Your SystemDetermine the general criteria for your system. Use the chapters thatfollow to guide you through the criteria and choices for selecting the majorClassic PLC-5 programmable controller system elements, as shown inFigure 1.1.Figure 1.1PLC 5 Processor System Design FlowSystem DesignDeterminedSelect I/Omodules, terminalsAssignaddressingPlacehardwareConfigure processorcommunicationConfigure DataHighway PlusSelect adapter modulesSelect I/O chassisSelect power supplySelect Classic PLC 5processorSelect batteries andmemory modulesComplementary I/Oselected?Backup systemselected?Preparing YourFunctional SpecificationAssigningAddressing Mode,Racks, and singCommunicationSelect programmingsoftwareDesign SFCsData table layout andprocessor statusPlanning YourSystem ProgramsUse fault routinesTransfer data in adapterand scanner modesI/O update and ladderprogram scan timesTransferringDiscrete andBlock DataCalculatingProgram Timingand MaximizingSystemPerformanceWe recommend that you first develop a specification that defines yourhardware selection and your programming application. The specificationis a conceptual view of your system. Use it to determine your:control strategyhardware selection, layout, and addressingsequential function chart (SFC)special programming featuresladder-logic requirements1-3

Chapter 1Understanding Your SystemFigure 1.2 illustrates a program-development model that you can use.Figure 1.2Program Development ModelFunctionalSpecification(General Conception)AcceptanceSign offDetailedAnaylsisTestingProgramDevelopmentThis model allows for the interaction of activities at the different levels.Each section represents an activity that you perform. Prepare a functionalspecification to start; then, prepare the detailed analysis.Based on the detailed analysis, you can also develop your programs, enteryour programs, and test them. When testing is complete, you are ready toimplement the programs in your application. The detailed analysis can beused as the basis for developing your testing procedures and requirements.Because the functional specification is well thought out, it can be used asthe program sign-off document.Functional Specification ContentThe functional specification represents a very general view of your processor a description of operation. Identify the events and the overall order inwhich they must occur. Identify the equipment that you will need for yourprocess/operation. Generally indicate the layout of your system. If yourapplication requires a distributed control system, for example, indicatewhere you will need remote I/O links. Also, you can have a process that islocated close to your processor. The process can require faster update timethan that provided by a remote I/O link, so you can select an extendedlocal I/O link for that process.Important: Choose a communication rate for your remote I/O link atwhich every device on the link can communicate.1-4

Chapter 1Understanding Your SystemThe program-development portion of your functional specification can bein any form: written statement; flowchart; or rough-draft MCPs, SFCs,and subroutines. Use the form that is most familiar to you. Werecommend, however, that you generate rough-draft SFCs and subroutinesso that you have a better correspondence between your beginning diagramsand your finished program.Detailed AnalysisIn this phase, you identify the logic needed to plan your programs. Thisincludes inputs, outputs, specific actions, and transitions between actions(i.e., the bit-level details needed to write your program).Program DevelopmentYou enter the programs either offline into your computer or online into aprocessor. In the next phase, you test the programs that you have entered.Once testing is complete, your resulting programs should match yourfunctional specification.Checking for CompletenessWhen you complete the functional specification and the detailed analysis,review them and check for missing or incomplete information such as:input conditionssafety conditionsstartup or emergency shutdown routinesalarms and alarm handlingfault detection and fault handlingmessage display of fault conditionsabnormal operating conditionsIntroducing Classic PLC 5Processor ModulesThe following is a list of the PLC-5 processors and their catalog numbers.ProcessorCatalog NumberPLC 5/10t1785 LT4PLC 5/12t1785 LT3PLC 5/15t1785 LTPLC 5/25t1785 LT2For information on other PLC-5 processors (Enhanced, Ethernet, orControlNet), see your Allen-Bradley representative.1-5

Chapter 1Understanding Your SystemClassic PLC 5 Family Processor FeaturesFrom the family of PLC-5 processors, you can choose the processor(s)that you need for your application. Features common to all Classic PLC-5processors are:same physical dimensionsuse of the left-most slot in the 1771 I/O chassiscan use any 1771 I/O module in the processor-resident local I/O chassiswith up to 32 points per modulesame programming software and programming terminalssame base set of instructionsladder programs and SFCs can be used by any of the PLC-5 processorsCheck with your Allen-Bradley sales office or distributor if you havequestions regarding any of the features of your PLC-5 processor.Subprogram CallsUse a subroutine to store recurring sections of program logic that can beaccessed from multiple program files. A subroutine saves memorybecause you program repetitive logic only once. The JSR instructiondirects the processor to go to a separate subroutine file within the logicprocessor, scan that subroutine file once, and return to the pointof departure.For detailed information about how you generate and use subroutines, seeyour programming software documentation set.Sequential Function ChartsUse SFCs as a sequence-control language to control and display the stateof a control process. Instead of one long ladder program for yourapplication, divide the logic into steps and transitions. A step correspondsto a control task; a transition corresponds to a condition that must occurbefore the programmable controller can perform the next control task. Thedisplay of these steps and transitions lets you see what state the machineprocess is in at a given time.For detailed information about how you generate and use SFCs, see youprogramming software.Ladder Logic ProgramsA main program file can be an SFC file numbered 1-999; it can also be aladder-logic file program numbered 2-999 in any program file.1-6

Chapter 1Understanding Your SystemConsider using this technique:If you are:SFC defining the order of events in a sequential processLadder Logic more familiar with ladder logic than with programminglanguages such as BASIC performing diagnostics programming discrete controlFor detailed information about how you use ladder logic, see yourprogramming software documentation.Backup SystemThe following diagram shows a typical PLC-5 backup system:Local I/O Chassis1785 BCM ModulePLC 5ProcessorLocal I/O Chassis1785 BCM ModulePLC 5Processor1771 P4SPower Supply1771 P4SPower SupplyHSSLDH LinkRemote I/O LinkDH LInkRemote I/O ChassisRemote I/O ChassisRemote I/O Link18691In a PLC-5 backup system configuration, one system controls the operationof remote I/O and DH communications. This system is referred to as the“primary system.” The other system is ready to take control of the remoteI/O and DH communications in the event of a fault in the primary system.This is referred to as the “secondary system.”See chapter 2, “Choosing Hardware,” to select backup system hardware.See the PLC-5 Backup Communication Module User Manual, publication1785-6.5.4, for more information on configuring a PLC-5 backup system.1-7

Chapter 1Understanding Your SystemUsing the Classic PLC 5Processor as a Remote I/OScannerUse scanner mode whenever you want a Classic PLC-5 processor to scanand control remote I/O link(s). The scanner-mode processor also acts as asupervisory processor for other processors that are in adapter mode.The scanner-mode processor scans the processor memory file to readinputs and control outputs. The scanner-mode processor transfersdiscrete-transfer data and block-transfer data to/from the processor-residentlocal rack as well as to/from modules in remote I/O racks.A PLC-5 processor scans processor-resident local I/O synchronously to theprogram scan. A PLC-5 processor scans remote I/O asynchronously to theprogram scan, but the processor updates the input/output image data tablefrom the remote I/O buffer(s) synchronously to the program scan. Thisoccurs at the end of each program scan.Processor ResidentLocal I/O ScanSynchronous toProgram ScanInputOutputProcessor ResidentI/OOutputInputScanner ModePLC 5ProcessorRemoteI/OBufferRemote I/OScanAsynchronous toProgram ScanInputOutputRemote I/OLinkThe scanner-mode PLC-5 processor can also:gather data from node adapter devices in remote I/O racksprocess I/O data from 8-, 16-, or 32-point I/O modulesaddress I/O in 2-, 1-, or 1/2-slot I/O groupssupport a complementary I/O configurationsupport block transfer in any I/O chassisConfigure the PLC-5/15 or -5/25 processor for scanner mode by settingswitch assembly SW1.1-8

Chapter 1Understanding Your SystemUsing the Classic PLC 5Processoras a Remote I/O AdapterUse a Classic PLC-5 processor (except the PLC-5/10 processor) in adaptermode when you need predictable, real-time exchange of data between adistributed control PLC-5 processor and a supervisory processor. Youconne

assign group and rack numbers to your I/O chassis. Also covers how you configure complementary I/O by assigning rack and group addresses. 5 Choosing Communication Identifies each Classic 5 processor channel/connector, and explains how to configure your Classic PLC5 processor. Pr

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