Section 8 Topics - Diagramasde
Technician Handbook673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsSection 8 TopicsElectronicSystemsTechnical Training Engine Immobilizer WORKSHEET: Immobilizer System Power Distributor Smart Junction Box (MICON) HID Headlights Dynamic Laser Cruise Control135
Technician Handbook673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsImmobilizer FunctionProhibits the engine from starting unlessan authorized ignition key is used.ID code stored in key mustmatch code stored in ECU.TransponderChipKey CylinderDLC3CommunicationIgnitionTransponderKey ECUIgnitionKeyTransponder KeyCoilTransponder KeyAmplifierBlinks until authorizedkey is in key cylinder.Engine sabled until ECMreceives “OK” fromTransponder Key ECUThe engine immobilizer system is designed to prevent the vehicle frombeing stolen. When the immobilizer system is set, the ECM disables thefuel delivery and ignition systems. Only an authorized key can unset theimmobilizer.The Transponder Key ECU assembly stores the codes of authorizedignition keys. When an authorized key is used to start the engine, the ECUsends a signal to the ECM to unset the immobilizer and permit fuel deliveryand ignition.136Technical Training
Technician Handbook673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsImmobilizer System OperationSecurityIndicator LightECU Logic1. Detects unlock warningswitch is on when key isin ignition432. Activates antenna coilTransponderKeyAmplifier3. Faint electric wave sent4. Key ID code returned5. ID code signal amplifiedand sent to ECU6. ECU compares key IDcode to registered codes.AntennaCoil825Unlock Warning Switch(Key Cylinder)16TransponderKey ECU7Front DoorCourtesy LightSwitch (LH)ECMIf codes match:7. Cancels immobilizer8. Turns off indicator lightEngine ImmobilizerOperationWhen a key is inserted in the key cylinder, the Transponder Key ECUdetects the unlock warning switch is closed and sends a signal to activatethe antenna coil in the transponder key amplifier. The antenna generates afaint electric wave activating the transponder chip in the key grip totransmit its ID code.The transponder key amplifier receives and amplifies the ID code signal,then transmits it to the Transponder Key ECU. The ECU compares thekey’s ID code to the registered codes stored in its memory. If the codesmatch, the ECU sends a signal to the ECM to unset the immobilizer andswitches off the security indicator light.Key CodeRegistrationFor the immobilizer system to operate, authorized keys must be registeredwith the Transponder Key ECU. The system provides three types of keycode registration procedures.New Key Registration. This procedure is used if the registered masterkeys are lost, and when the Transponder Key ECU must be replaced forother reasons. An initial set of keys can be automatically registeredimmediately after the new ECU is installed.Additional Key Registration. New keys (up to a certain total number ofkeys based on vehicle model) can be added to those already registered inthe Transponder Key ECU.Key Code Erasure. For lost keys, key codes can be erased. Thisprocedure erases all codes except the master key. The remainingauthorized keys must be reregistered.Technical Training137
Technician Handbook673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsSecurity Indicator LightNo key or unregisteredkey (keeps blinking) Immobilizer is set Key recognizedMaster key indication(light goes off) Immobilizer is setImmobilizer is unset Sub key indication(on for 2 sec.) Master Keys andSub KeysImmobilizer is setImmobilizer is unset The difference between a master key and a sub key is that a sub key cannotbe duplicated. This is a security feature that helps customers feel safer aboutleaving a key with parking attendants.You can distinguish between a master key and sub key by observing thesecurity indicator light when the key is inserted in the ignition switch. When a master key is placed in the ignition switch. The indicator lightturns off. When a sub key is placed in the ignition switch, the indicator lightremains illuminated for 2 seconds before turning off138Technical Training
Technician Handbook673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsAutomatic Key Code RegistrationIndicator codes during automatic key code registration:Blinking: Everything isoperating normallyCode 2-2: Key has alreadybeen registeredCode 2-1: Registration failed(bad key)Code 2-3: Maximum number of keysalready registeredAutomatic Key CodeRegistrationWhen the Transponder Key ECU is replaced, the new unit is preset toautomatically register keys. To take advantage of automatic key coderegistration: After replacing the transponder key ECU, insert the first key into theignition key cylinder. It takes about one second for the transponder keyECU to register the key’s code. Remove the key and insert the next key. Repeat until all keys have been registered.Watch for Error CodesIf an error occurs during automatic key code registration, the security lightblinks a two-digit code:Code 2-1: Key code registration failed, most likely because a code could notbe read from the key’s transponder chip. The key should be discarded.Code 2-2: The key has already been registered.Code 2-3: The maximum number of keys have already been registered.Ending AutomaticRegistrationAutomatic key code registration ends automatically after the maximumnumber of keys have been registered. If registering fewer than the maximumnumber of keys, the automatic registration process has to be terminatedmanually. Use Techstream to end automatic key code registration. Turn the ignition switch ON and OFF five times within 10 seconds toforce automatic key code registration to end.NOTETechnical TrainingFailing to terminate key code registration can result in abnormal systemoperation.139
673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsTechnician HandbookConfiguration in Earlier ModelsIn earlier models, theimmobilizer functions arebuilt into the ECM.2001 AvalonConfiguration inEarlier Models140Engine immobilizer was introduced in the 1998 model year. The first vehicleswith this feature have the immobilizer functions built into the Engine ControlModule. This configuration exists in model years as late as 2004.Technical Training
673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsTechnician HandbookConfiguration in Later ModelsIn later models, theimmobilizer functions arecontrolled by a separateTransponder Key ECU.2007 TundraConfiguration inLater ModelsTechnical TrainingIn later models, a separate Transponder Key ECU was added to control theimmobilizer functions in place of the ECM. The advantage of a separate,special ECU is that it is less expensive to replace than an ECM in the event oflost keys or an ECU malfunction.141
673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsTechnician HandbookTIS Immobilizer ResetImmobilizer reset is notsupported on all vehicles.Refer to the Support Chartfor more information.Immobilizer ResetBecause of the original system design for the immobilizer function, losing allthe keys to the vehicle meant that the ECM or Transponder Key ECU had tobe replaced. Later systems were modified so that the ECM or TransponderKey ECU could be reset to accept registration of new keys.Resetting the immobilizer to accept new keys requires obtaining a passcodethrough TIS. For security reasons, only Master Technicians and MDTs areauthorized to request an immobilizer reset passcode. For theft prevention andsecurity monitoring, each time a passcode is requested, it is logged into anational database.Once a passcode is obtained, it’s entered into the ECU through Techstreamor a scan tool. When the ECU is successfully reset, the master key in theignition becomes registered to the vehicle and all previous key codes areerased.142Technical Training
673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsTechnician HandbookImmobilizer Reset Support ChartFrom TIS Immobilizer Reset PageImmobilizer ResetSupport ChartThe blue boxes on the support chart indicate which vehicle models have theimmobilizer reset feature. The legend at the top of the chart describesapplicable TSBs.Immobilizer systems that do not have immobilizer reset are indicated by thewhite boxes. In these vehicle models, either the Transponder Key ECU orECM must be replaced if all the keys to the vehicle are lost. In these cases,whether the ECM or Transponder Key ECU must be replaced depends on thesystem configuration. If the vehicle has a separate Transponder Key ECU,then that is the component that must be replaced. If the immobilizer functionsare controlled within the ECM, then the ECM must be replaced.PANT Bulletin GI03-09 (referenced next to the white square in the legend)describes conditions under which the ECU or ECM replacement cost can besubsidized.Technical Training143
Technician Handbook673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsECM Communication ID RegistrationIn vehicles with a separate Transponder Key ECU, the ECM Communication IDmust be registered whenever the ECM or Transponder Key ECU is replaced.CGTCDCL3SSTExample Procedure:1. Using SST, connect TC to CG.2. Turn the ignition switch ON (do notstart the engine) and leave it for 30minutes.3. Turn the ignition switch OFF anddisconnect TC and CG.4. Check that the engine starts.2005 AvalonECUCommunication IDRegistrationFor security reasons, immobilizer systems with a separate Transponder KeyECU are designed so that the vehicle will not start if either the ECM or ECUhave been replaced. This security is provided by a unique ECUcommunication ID stored in both the ECM and Transponder Key ECU.Therefore, when either unit is replaced, the ECU communication ID has to beregistered between them.NOTEThe code registration procedure described above is an example that may notapply to all vehicles. Be sure to refer to the Repair Manual for the correctprocedure for the vehicle being serviced.144Technical Training
Technician Handbook673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsDTC Check/ClearImmobilizer diagnostic methods and procedures may varybetween vehicle models. Examples:Vehicle ModelTo check DTCs w/checkwire on DLC3To clear DTCs w/o Techstream2005 Avalon TC to CG Remove the EFI No. 1 fuseYes2006 Sequoia TC to CG for DTC 99 CG to OP3 for other DTCs Remove the ECU-B fuse andEFI No. 2 fuse from theengine room J/B for 1 minuteor more.No2006 Tacoma Not supported Not supportedYes2006 Tundra CG to OP3 Remove the ECU-B fuse fromthe driver side J/B for 1minute or more.YesCGTechstreamsupported?OP31 2 3 4 5 6 7 8DLC39 10 111213 1415 16TCBe Wary ofDifferences betweenModelsWhile the concepts of immobilizer components and operation are similaramong all systems, the specifics of each system can vary significantly. Theexample above demonstrates how different the diagnostic methods andprocedures can be between different models.The bottom line is that when diagnosing the immobilizer system, it’sespecially risky to assume that one vehicle model is the same as another.Always refer to the repair manual for the specifics of the vehicle beingserviced.Technical Training145
673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsTechnician HandbookTransponder Key ECUInput Signals: KSWCODEEFIICTYOutput Signals: VC5TXCTINDEFIO2007 TundraAnalyzing ECU Inputand OutputsIn diagnosing an engine immobilizer malfunction, you may need to verify theTransponder Key ECU is receiving the correct input signals and is sendingthe correct output signals. Remember that in earlier model vehicles without aTransponder Key ECU, you’ll be verifying the immobilizer system signalsflowing into and out of the ECM.You can identify the inputs and outputs using the system description andlooking at the wiring diagram and TERMINALS OF ECU section of the RepairManual. For our example, we’ll be using the 2007 Tundra to illustratediagnostic concepts. Note that these may not translate exactly to othervehicle models.Inputs:KSW – ignition key cylinder unlock warning switchCODE – key ID code from transponder key amplifierEFII – ECM communication input signalCTY – front door courtesy switch LH (required for registration only)Outputs:VC5 – five-volt power supply to transponder key amplifierTXCT – communication signal to transponder key amplifierIND – security indicator light signalEFIO – ECM communication output signal146Technical Training
673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsTechnician HandbookTransponder SignalsKSWVC5TXCTCODE2007 TundraTransponder SignalsKSW. When a key is inserted in the key cylinder, the key switch closes. Thevoltage on KSW drops to zero, alerting the Transponder Key ECU.VC5. The Transponder Key ECU immediately supplies power to thetransponder key amplifier so it can operate.TXCT. The Transponder Key ECU commands the transponder key amplifierto begin pulsing for the key code.CODE. The amplifier sends the code to the Transponder Key ECU.After the transponder key amplifier transmits the key code, the TransponderKey ECU stops requesting the code and shuts off the power to the amplifier.NOTETechnical TrainingThe example is for a 2007 Tundra. This does not work exactly the same forall models.147
673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsTechnician HandbookTransponder Key ECU – Power & GroundPower & Ground B to GND: (J26 disconnected) Always – 11V to 14VIG to GND: (J26 disconnected) Ignition OFF – below 1V Ignition ON – 11V to 14VGND to Body ground: (J26 disconnected) Always – below 1ΩPower and GroundCircuits1482007 TundraSeveral of the Transponder Key ECU’s terminals are for power and groundcircuits. Diagnosis also involves testing at these terminals to be sure the ECUis receiving the proper voltage and has a good ground.Technical Training
673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsTechnician HandbookTransponder Key ECU – Input & OutputInputKSW to GND: (J26 disconnected) No key in cylinder – 10KΩ or higher Key In cylinder – below 1ΩCTY to GND: (J26 connected) Door closed – 10KΩ or higher Door open – below 1ΩOutputIND to GND: (J26 connected) Immobilizer set (blinking) – alternatesbetween 11V to 14V and below 1V Immobilizer unset (off) – below 1VVC5 to GND: (J26 connected) No key in cylinder – below 1VKey In cylinder 4.6V to 5.4V until Transponder KeyECU receives key code ( 0.5 sec.) Below 1V after key code receivedTerminal Values andConditions2007 TundraAn understanding of the system’s operation and inputs and outputs, makesdiagnosis at the terminals easier.KSW. This ground-side switch closes when a key is inserted in the key cylinder.With no key in the cylinder, a continuity test between the terminal and groundwould show an open circuit. With a key in the cylinder, the circuit would showcontinuity to ground and very low resistance.CTY. This ground-side switch opens and closes according to the driver doorposition. Resistance testing shows an open circuit when the door is closed, anda closed circuit when the door is open.IND. This terminal supplies power to the indicator light. It has battery voltagewhen the lamp is ON, and zero volts when the lamp is OFF. When the lamp isblinking, the voltage alternates.VC5. The TERMINALS OF ECU specifies that this terminal supplies nominal 5Vpower to the transponder key amplifier only when there is a key in the keycylinder. Power is only supplied until the Transponder Key ECU receives the keycode, then it is switched off. This may take less than 0.5 second.NOTEIf the oscilloscope trigger is not set up properly, it’s possible to miss seeing theVC5 signal because the voltage switches on and off so quickly.Inserting a key that has no transponder chip (or a faulty chip) forces VC5 to staypowered, providing adequate time for measuring voltage. Another option is towrap the key-grip in foil to block its signal.Technical Training149
673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsTechnician HandbookTransponder Key AmplifierVC5 to AGND: (J20 connected) No key in cylinder – below 1V Key In cylinder 4.6V to 5.4V until Transponder KeyECU receives key code ( 0.5 sec.) Below 1V after key code receivedCODE to AGND: (J20 connected) No key in cylinder – below 1VKey In cylinder – Waveform 1 ( 0.5 sec.)TXCT to AGND: (J20 connected) No key in cylinder – below 1V Key In cylinder – Waveform 2 ( 0.5 sec.)AGND to Body ground: (J20 connected) Always – below 1ΩTerminal Values andConditions (cont’d)2007 TundraWhile testing the Transponder Key ECU terminals, you would also test theCODE, TXCT, and AGND terminals at the J26 connector, if warranted.CODE. This is a communication signal sent to the Transponder Key ECUtransmitting the key’s ID code. The waveform shows a digital signalappearing as a momentary burst of data (less than 0.5 second) shortly afterthe key is inserted in the key cylinder.TXCT. This is the communication signal from the Transponder Key ECU tothe transponder key amplifier. This waveform is also digital and appears as amomentary signal transmitted shortly after the key is inserted in the keycylinder.AGND. Because this is the ground circuit for the transponder key amplifier, itshould show continuity to ground.Transponder KeyAmplifier TerminalValuesAt the transponder key amplifier, the values for terminals VC5, CODE, TXCT,and AGND should be identical to those at the corresponding ECU terminals.By verifying the correct values are on the other ends of the wires, youeliminate the possibility of problems in the wire harness between the twocomponents.NOTEIf the correct signal is verified on the CODE terminal of the Transponder KeyECU, it is not necessary to test the CODE terminal of the transponder keyamplifier. Since the CODE signal is output by the amplifier, verifying the ECUis receiving it proves both that the signal is being output at the amplifier andthe wiring between the two components is intact.150Technical Training
673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsTechnician HandbookEngine Control ModuleEFIO to GND: (J26 connected) Ignition switch OFF – below 1V Ignition switch ON – Waveform 3EFII to GND: (J26 connected) Always – Waveform 42007 TundraECM Terminal ValuesThe TERMINALS OF ECU description indicates that EFII and EFIO arecommunication circuits. Therefore you expect to see digital data signals onthese lines.Since EFII is the input signal from the ECM, a good signal at the TransponderKEY ECU verifies the ECM is transmitting and the wire to the ECM IMOterminal is intact.Similarly, a good signal at the IMI terminal of the ECM verifies theTransponder Key ECU is transmitting and the connection between the two isgood.Technical Training151
Technician Handbook673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsWorksheetImmobilizerShop Worksheet:In this worksheet you will: Use Techstream DATA LIST to makedeterminations related to the ID Code ofthe transponder chip embedded in theignition key Use a PicoScope to observeImmobilizer System waveforms undervarying conditions and compare them tothose in the Repair Manual.Use this space to write down any questions you may have for your instructor.NOTES:152Technical Training
Technician Handbook673 Electronic & Computer Controlled SystemsPower onductorRelaysFront2006 Highlander HV Contact RelaysRDI Fan No.1 RelayRDI Fan No.2 RelayIGCT RelayC/OPN RelayA/F RelayMode MonitorTerminal Semiconductor RelaysHead Light Relay LH Back-up Light RelayHead Light Relay LH Horn Relay AC Water Pump RelayDRL No.2 Relay Battery Fan RelayDRL No.4 RelayRear Defogger RelayPower DistributorIn some vehicle models, a power distributor replaces the conventional relaybox (engine room J/B). Whereas conventional relay boxes use contact-typemechanical relays, a power distributor replaces some of the mechanicalrelays with semiconductor relays. A semiconductor relay is a completelyelectronic circuit, reducing the size and weight of these components.Protect ModeA feature of many power distributors is a protect mode. To protectsemiconductor relay circuits in the event of overcurrent or overheating, thepower d
Ignition Key Ignition Fuel The engine immobilizer system is designed to prevent the vehicle from being stolen. When the immobilizer system is set, the ECM disables the fuel delivery and ignition systems. Only an authorized key can unset the immobilizer. The Transponder Key ECU assembly stores the codes of authorized ignition keys.
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Table 2.1 : Pesticide Sa fety Training Topics Qualified Trainers Presentat ion Training Records Previously Trained Empl oyees Chapter 3 - Pestic ide Safety Training Topics Pesticide Worker Safety Regulation Training Topics Table 3.1 : Pesticide Safety Training Topics Effective March 1, 2018 Chapter 4 - Training Topics for Fieldworkers and .
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