DOCUMENT RESUME ED 350 461 AUTHOR Brown, Ted;
DOCUMENT RESUMEED 350 461AUTHORTITLEINSTITUTIONSPONS AGENCYCE 062 146Brown, Ted; Sappe', HoytCommercial Photography. Project Report Phase I withResearch Findings.Georgia Univ., Athens. Div. of VocationalEducation.Georgia State Dept. of Technical and Adult Education,Atlanta.PUB DATECONTRACTNOTEPUB TYPE89EDRS PRICEDESCRIPTORSMF01/PCO2 Plus Postage.Competency Based Education; Curriculum Development;Educational Equipment; Educational Research;*Educational Resources; Instructional Materials; JobAnalysis; Job Skills; Occupational Information;*Photographic Equipment; Photographs; *Photography;Photojournalism; Postsecondary Education; *ProductionTechniques; Program Design; Program Development;Secondary Education; Statewide Planning; *TaskAnalysis; Trade and Industrial Research/Technical (143)ABSTRACTThis report provides results of Phase I of a projectthat researched the occupational area of commercial photography,established appropriate committees, and conducted task verification.These results are intended to guide development of a program designedto train r-otographic technicians. Section 1 contains generalinformation: purpose of Phase I; description of the occupation,including nature of work, working conditions, and relatedoccupations; direction of the occupation, including employment,training and other qualifications, advancement, job outlook, andearnings; program development committee; areas of concern; and StateTechnical Committee developmental recommendations. Section 2 presentsresearch findings: accreditation and certification; list of typicaljob titles; and appropriate trade resources, including references andtextbooks, curriculum materials, audiovisuals, trade and professionalassociation journals, safety manuals, safety equipment, and sourcesof additional information. A verified occupational duty and task listis comprised of 17 duties: monochromatic laboratory skills; exposurecontrols; basic photographs; various format cameras; studiophotographs; location photographs; photographic presentation andenhancement; lighting techniques; photographic media reproduction;color film processing; color photographic print production; mediapresentatilns; business management; photojournalism; quality control;safety; and photography: past and present. Other contents include atools and equipment list and staff and facilities recommendations.(YLB)
GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL ANDADULT EDUCATIONFY 89CONTRACT # 89-110192COMMERCIALPHOTOGRAPHYPROJECT REPORTPHASE IWITHRESEARCH FINDINGSOffs"PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THISMATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BYA. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONof Educational Research and improvementED CATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATIONCENTER (ERIC)This document has been reproduced asreceived from the person or organizat.onorvnabregaC Minor changes have been made to improvereproduction busilyTO THE EDUCANAL RESOURCESINFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)."Points of view or opinions slated (n tnis dOCn,ent do not notessardy represent officio,OE RI position or policy2BEST COPY AVAILABLE
COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY CONTRACTPROJECT REPORTPHASE IWITHRESEARCH FINDINGSDeveloped byTed BrownandHoyt Sappe'University of GeorgiaCollege of EducationDivision of Vooational EducationAthens, Georgia3
Table of ContentsSection One: GENERAL INFORMATIONPurpose of Phase I2Description of Occupation3Direction of Occupation6Program Development Committee9Areas of Concern11State Technical Committee Developmental Recommendations12Section Two: RESEARCH FINDINGSAccreditation and Certification14Typical Job Titles15Appropriate Trade Resources16Verified Occupational Duty and Task List29Tools and Equipment33Staff and Facilities344
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PURPOSE OF PHASE IPhase I focused on researching the occupation, establishing appropriate committees, andconducting task verification. The results of this phase have provided the basic informationrequired to develop the program standards and guide and set up the committee structureto guide the project.The program is designed to address the needs of the commercial photography field that useor plan to use graduates as photographic technicians.62
DESCRIPTION OF OCCUPATIONNature of the WorkPhotographers and camera operators use cameras and film to portray people, places andevents much as writers use words. Those who are skillful can capture the personality ofindividuals or the mood of scenes on film. Photographers specializing in scientific, medical,or engineering photography expose worlds normally hidden from our view. Cameraoperators film news events, television shows, movies, commercials, and even cartoons.The skills required of still photographers are quite different from those needed by cameraoperators. Workers generally specialize in one area or the other. Nonetheless,photographers and camera operators all use the same basic equipment, a camera. Cameraoperators generally use 35-millimeter cameras to film motion pictures, 16-millimetercameras to film documentaries and industrial films, and videotape cameras to record newsevents for later showing on television. Most photographers use a wide variety of stillcameras to record important or memorable events or to create works of arts. Unlikesnapshot cameras, which have a lens permanently attached to the camera body, professionalcameras can be used with a variety of lenses designed for close-up, medium-range, ordistance photography. In addition, professional photographers and camera operators usea vast array of mechanical equipment from the simple tripods and flash attachments tospecially constructed motorized vehicles and special lighting.Besides cameras and lenses, photographers and camera operators employ a variety of filmand filters to obtain the desired effect under different lighting conditions. When takingpictures indoors or after dark, they may use electronic flash units, floodlights, reflectors, andother special lighting equipment and backdrops.Some photographers develop and print their own photographs in the darkroom and mayenlarge or otherwise alter the basic image. Many photographers send their work tolaboratories for processing.Taking quality pictures is a technical process as well as a creative one. Photographers andcamera operators must be familiar with all the characteristics of light, film, and cameras,and how they must be combined to take professional quality pictures. Years of training andexperience are needed to develop the skills and abilities needed to coordinate all thesevariables.Creativity is often called for when photographers compose their pictures. Composing aphotograph means choosing a subject and deciding how to achieve a particular effect. Thephotographer may wish to change or enhance the normal appearance of the subject, forexample, or draw attention to a particular aspect. It is through creative application of theprinciples of composition, and judicious use of light, lens, film, filters, and camera settings,that photographers produce pictures that capture a mood or tell a story.Still photographers may specialize in a particular type of photography, such as portrait,fashion, or advertising. Portrait photographers take pictures of individuals or groups ofpersons and often work in their own studios. For special events, such as weddings orchristenings, however, they take photographs in churches and homes. Portrait photographersin small studios, like other small business owners, frequently handle all aspects of their3
Nature of the Work (cont.)business. They arrange for advertising and schedule appointments; set and adjust equipmentbefore taking the pictures; develop and retouch negatives; develop proofs; and mount andframe pictures. They also purchase supplies and take care of billing and recordkeeping.Advertising or industrial photographers take pictures of a wide range of subjects includinglivestock, manufactured articles, buildings, and groups of people. They frequently dophotography for catalogs.Companies use their work in publications to report tostockholders or to advertise company products or services. To create attractive, eye-catchingpromotional pictures, advertising photographers must command a broad array ofphotographic techniques. Industrial photographers also photograph groups of people foremployee news magazines or take motion pictures of workers operating equipment andmachinery for management's use in analyzing production or work methods.Scientific photographers and biological photographers provide illustrations anddocumentation for scientific publications and research reports. The photographs and slidesthey produce are also used for educational purposes. These photographers usually specializein a particular field, such as engineering, aerodynamics, medicine, biology, or chemistry.Some design photographic equipment for use as a research tool. For example, medicalresearchers often use ultraviolet and infrared photography, fluorescence, and X-rays toobtain information not visible under normal conditions. Time-lapse photography (wheretime is stretched or condensed), photomicrography (where the subject of the photographymay be magnified 50 or 70 times or more), and photogrammetry (surveying an area usingaerial photography) are other special techniques.Photojournalists photograph newsworthy events, places, people, and things for publicationssuch as newspapers and magazines. They may also prepare educational slides, filmstrips,and movies.Photography also constitutes an art medium. As in other forms of artistic endeavor, self-expression and creativity are central while technical proficiency -- which is oftenconsiderable -- provides the vehicle for conveying the artist's message. Very fewphotographers, however, are successful enough to support themselves through artisticphotography alone.Some camera operators work for television network and individual stations, covering newsevents as part of a team that includes a reporter and other technicians. These cameraoperators use special photographic equipment -- called electronic news gathering cameras - to capture events on videotape. Images from these cameras can be transmitted via satellitefrom the scene back to the newsroom in time for the telecast.Camera operators also are employed in the entertainment field. They use 35- and 16millimeter motion picture cameras to film movies, television programs, and commercials.Animation camera operators film cartoons; optical-effects camera operators create illusionsfor television and movies. Camera operators in the entertainment business are usuallysupervised by directors of photography.4
Working ConditionsWorking conditions for photographers and camera operators vary considerably.Photographers in government, commercial studios, and advertising agencies, usually worka 5-day, 35-40 hour week. Freelancers, newspaper photographers, and camera operatorswork longer or more irregular hours. Many photographers work part time.Freelance, press, and commercial photographers may travel frequently and may work inuncomfortable surroundings. Sometimes the work can be dangerous, especially forphotojournalists assigned to cover stories on natural disasters or military conflicts. Whenworking on assignment or on location, photographers and camera operators may be awayfrom home for long periods.Most photographers and camera operators work under pressure. Deadlines and demandingcustomers must be satisfied. Freelance photographers may find soliciting new clientsfrustrating and tedious.Related OccupationsOther workers who rely on their visual alts talents in their jobs include visual artists,illustrators, designers, painters, and sculptors.5
DIRECTION OF THE OCCUPATIONEmploymentPhotographers and camera operators held about 109,000 jobs in 1986. About half of allphotographers and camera operators are self-employed, a much higher proportion than theaverage for all occupations. Some of these are freelance photographers who do individualprojects on a one-time-only or occasional basis.Salaried jobs for photographers are found, for the most part, in photographic or commercialart studios. Other major employers include newspapers, magazines, advertising agencies,radio and television broadcasters, motion picture companies, and government agencies.Camera operators are employed primarily in television broadcasting and motion picturestudios.Photographers work in all parts of the country - small towns as well as large cities - butmost are in the more populated areas. Almost all camera operators work in metropolitanareas, but assignments may take them far away from home.Training. Other Qualifications. and AdvancementAlthough a high school diploma is desirable, many 3f the entry level jobs for photographersdo not require formal career preparation. Instead, employers seek applicants who have atechnical understanding of photography as well as requisite personal traits - principallyimagination, creativity, and a good sense of timing. Technical expertise can be obtainedthrough practical experience, postsecondary education, or some combination of the two.For some jobs in scientific or technical photography, knowledge of a subject area isnecessary. For instance, in the field of photogrammetry, which uses photography to helpproduce maps, a basic knowledge of scientific and technical subjects related to mapmakingis important.Photographic training is available in approximately 1,000 colleges, universities, communityand junior colleges, vocational-technical institutes, and private trade and technical schools.All of these institutions offer one or more courses in photography, often as part of acommunications or journalism program. Some offer courses in cinematography. Manyfewer offer degree programs in photography or cinematography, however. In 1985, 103community and junior colleges offered associate degrees in photography; over 160 collegesan- universities offered bachelor's degrees; and 38 institutions offered master's degrees.Coursework in photography provides a background in equipment, processes, and technique.Bachelor's and master's degree programs provide the additional advantage of a well-roundededucation and the opportunity to take potentially valuable courses such as marketing andbusiness.Art schools offer useful training in design and composition, but not always the technicaltraining needed for professional photographic work. The Armed Forces also train peoplein photographic skills.On-the-job training is an important source of training for both camera operators andphotographers. Trainees begin as first and second assistants to camera operators, helping6U
Training. Other Qualifications. and Advancement (cont.)set up equipment and learning the craft by observing experiencec, workers. Relatively fewacademic programs are oriented toward motion picture photography. As a result, cameraoperators generally acquire their skills through informal job training On-the-job trainingoffers the additional advantage of allowing trainees to earn while they learn.People may prepare for work as photographers in a commercial studio through 2 or 3 yearsof on-the-job training as a photographer's assistant. Trainees generally start in thedarkroom where they learn to mix chemicals, develop film, and do photoprinting andenlarging. Later they may set up lights and cameras or help an experienced photographertake pictures.Photographers and camera operators must have good eyesight and color vision, artisticability, and manual dexterity. They should be patient, accurate, and enjoy working withdetail. Some knowledge of mathematics, physics, and chemistry is helpful for understandingthe workings of various lenses, films, light sources, and development processes and whyparticular adjustments are required for certain conditions.Some photographic specialties require additional qualities. Commercial photographers mustbe imaginative and original in their thinking. Those who specialize in photographing newsstories must recognize a potentially good photograph and act quickly; otherwise, anopportunity to capture an important event on film may be lost. Writing ability sometimesis important for photojournalists, who may write captions and accompanying articles for theirphotographs. Portrait photographers need the ability to help people relax in the presenceof the camera.Newly hired workers are given relatively routine assignments that do not require split-secondcamera adjustments or decisions on what subject matter to photograph. Newsphotographers, for example, may be assigned to cover events such as civic meetings orsnowstorms. After gaining experience, they advance to more demanding assignments, andmay move to larger newspapers or magazines. A few gain national recognition for theirwork and exhibit their photographs in art and photographic galleries, or publish them inbooks. Camera operators like news photographers advance in their profession as theirwork circulates and as they develop a reputation. The best known camera operators maybecome directors of photography on movies and TV programs. A fe industrial or scientificphotographers may be promoted to supervisory positions.Magazine and newsphotographers may eventually become heads of graphic arts departments, or photographyeditors. Photographers and camera operators may become teachers and provide instructionin their own area of expertise.Job OutlookEmployment of photographers and camera operators is expected to grow faster than theaverage for all occupations through the year '000. Many additional job openings will occuras workers transfer to other occupations or stop working.Demand of photographers will be stimulated by the steadily growing importance of visualimages in many aspects of American life in education, communication, entertainment,marketing, and research and development. Business firms, for example, are expected tomake greater use of photographs, videocassettes, training films, and other visual aids in7
Job Outlook (cont.)meetings, stockholders' reports, sales campaigns, and public relations work. Photographyis vitally important in scientific and medical research, areas that are projected to experiencesolid growth in the years ahead. Employment in photojournalism is expected to grow slowly.Many new jobs will be found in portrait studios, an industry likely to grow as a result ofincreased demand from a larger and more affluent population and from the desire of babyboomers, who have started to become parents, to have pictures of their children.Employment of camera operators is expected to grow rapidly as the entertainment industriesexpand, but competition for jobs in this field is expected to remain keen. Generallyregarded as an exciting and glamorous field, cinematography traditionally attracts manymore applicants than there are jobs.EarningsPhotographers and camera operators in private industry who did relatively routine workaveraged 16,000 a year in early 1986; those at midlevel averaged between 22,900 and 31,600, and those doing difficult work, 35,100. In general, camera operators earned morethan photographers.The median weekly contract wage for beginning photographers who worked for newspaperswith contracts with The Newspaper Guild was about 363 in 1987. The middle 50 percentof contracts fell between 316 and 432. The lowers 10 percent of contracts were for 268or less. The top 10 percent of contracts were for 509 or more. The median weeklycontract for photographers with some experience (usually 4 or 5 years) was about 590 in1987. The middle 50 percent of contracts fell between 505 and 687. The lower 10percent of contracts were for 407 or le s. The top 10 percent of contracts were for 748or more.Photographers in the Federal Government earned an average of 23,900 a year in 1986.Some self-employed and free-lance photographers arn more than salaried workers. Manydo not. Earnings of self-employed and freelance photographers are affected largely by thenumber of hours they work, the quality of their product, their marketing ability, generalbusiness conditions, and the type and size of their community and clientele.The information presented in Description of the Occupation and Direction of theOccupation is adapted from public domain material, originally published in the OccupationalOutlook Handbook, Bulletin 2300, by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department ofLabor, Washington, D. C. 20212.8
COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEEMr. Ron KerrKerr Studio, Inc.811 Church St.Decatur, GA 30030Mr. Ed BelinskiP.O. Box 4318Martin, GA 30917UPS: 4031 Old Petersburg Rd.Martin, GA 30907(404) 860-7538(404) 378-4545Mr. Kirk Kingsbury22 Bennett St.Atlanta, GA 30309Mr. Steve BestXXCEL Studios, Inc.4000 De Kalb Tech ParkwayBuilding 100Atlanta, GA 30340(404) 352-2230Mr. Bill KnittelThe Photo Barn4400 Business Park Court, SWLilburn, GA 30247(404) 921-9500(404) 986-9095Ms. Rina BissingerAlan McGee Photography1816 Briarwood Industrial CourtAtlanta, GA 30329(404) 633-1286Mr. Charles McDonaldMcDonald Photography5293 Sandy Shoals LaneStone Mountain, GA 30087Mr. Alfonso CaycedoPhotoworks International Inc.6760 Jimmy Carter Blvd, Suite 165Norcross, GA 30071(404) 448-8300Mr. Randy MillerGeorgia Pacific133 Peachtree St. NEAtlanta, GA 30303(404) 521-4000Mr. Ray EllisPortfolio Center125 Bennett St.Atlanta, GA 30309Ms. Judith Pishnery15 Waddell street, Suite cAtlanta, GA 40407(404) 525-4829(404) 351-5055Mr. Dennis HarkinsArt Institute of Atlanta3376 Peachtree Rd. NEAtlanta, GA 30326Mr. Charles RouthWilliams-Routh & Associates414 South Perry St.Lawrenceville, GA 30245(404) 266-1341(404) 963-1311Mr. Joey IvanscoAtlanta Constitution/Journal72 Marietta St.Atlanta, GA 30302(404) 526-5410Mr. Roil Sher. anP.O. Box 28656Atlanta, GA 30328UPS: 340 Spring Creek Rd.Roswell, GA 30075913
EducatorsMs Kim HarkinsGwinnett Area Technical School1250 Atkinson Rd.Lawrenceville, GA 30246Mr. Jerry Muck lowGwinnett Area Technical School1250 Atkinson Rd.Lawrenceville, GA 30246Ms. Anita NettlesGwinnett Area Technical School1250 Atkinson Rd.Lawrenceville, GA 30246Mr. Dale SellersSouth Georgia TechP.O. Box 1088Americus, GA 31709Mr. Richard SmithNorth Georgia Technical InstituteLake Burton Rd; GA 197Clarkesville, GA 30523Mr. Robert WilliamsNorth Georgia Technical InstituteLake Burton Rd; GA 197Clarkesc ;He, GA 3052310
AREAS OF CONCERNThe State Technical Committee reached consensus on the following items concerningprogram graduates:a.Program graduates need to develop interpersonal relations skills in the areas ofcustomer sales and service.b.Program graduates should possess basic skills in math, reading, spelling, clerical,mechanical, safety, computers, and physical dexterity.c.Graduates of a Commercial Photography program be trained in all basic phases ofcommercial photography.d.Graduates be prepared for entreprenurial or free lance business operations.
STATE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE DEVELOPMENTAL RECOMMENDATIONSThe State Technical Committee recommendations are:1.Develop a 6-8 quarter diploma/degree program.2.Possible specializations include:Lab TechnicianPortrait PhotographerCorporate PhotographerAdvertising PhotographerPhoto SalesPhoto FinisheiPhotojournalistMulti Image TechnicianLarge Format Camera SystemsLighting TechnicianPhoto LabPhoto AssistantWedding PhotographerFashion PhotographerLab Management3.Program title be Commercial Photography.4.Final exit point be photographer, staff photographer or assistant photographer.5.The major job functions for which graduates are prepared as as follows:Black and white laboratory skillsColor laboratory skillsAccounting/bookkeepingBasic Computer skillsCapture/arrange images for visual impact on silver emulsion or electronicstorage.Copyright, market, and sell imagesPresent images for visual impactStudio management skillsLighting techniquesEquipment maintenanceMaterials recognition and useVideo and audiovisual productionHuman relations/communications6.Commercial Photography programs be funded to supply necessary industry standardequipment and supplies.12
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ACCREDITATION AND CERTIFICATIONCurrently there are no national or state requirements for program accreditation orcertification established. There are no individual certification or licensure requirementswhich job applicants must meet prior to entry into occupations in the commercialphotography field.The commercial photography program must conform to the institutional accreditationrequirements of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools by meeting Commissionon Colleges (COC) or Commission on Occupational Education Institutions (COEI)accreditation requirements and must not conflict with the accreditation criteria establishedby COC or COEI.14
TYPICAL JOB TITLESPhase I research has included an examination of the occupational areas for the CommercialPhotography field and has revealed 4 job titles for which training may be required. TheDictionary of Occupational Titles code and title are as follows:OCCUPATIONS IN PHOTOGRAPHYThis group includes occupations concerned with photographing people, events, fictionalizedscenes, materials, and products with still or motion-picture cameras. Includes conceivingartistic photographic effects and arranging and preparing subject matter.143.062-026 PHOTOGRAPHER, SCIENTIFIC (profess. & kin.)143.062-030 PHOTOGRAPHER, STILL (profess. & ldn.) commercial photographer143.062-034 PHOTOJOURNALIST (print. & pub.: radio & tv broad.)photographer, news.143.362-010 BIOLOGICAL PHOTOGRAPHER (profess. & kin.)
APPROPRIATE TRADE RESOURCESReferences and TextbooksAlfred A. Knopf (1984) The Book of Photography. New York: Author.Broekhuizen, R. 1 (1988). Graphic communications(3rd ed.).Mission Hills, CA:Glencoe.Davis, E. G. (1984). Customer relations for technicians. New York: McGraw-Hill.Dennis, E. A. (1985). Applied photography. Albany, NY: Delmar.Dennis, E. A. & Jenkins, J. D. (1983). Comprehensive graphic arts (2nd ed.). Mission Hills,CA: Glencoe.Embee Press. (1983) How to Sell Your Photos to Book. Kingston, NY: Author.Hayes, P. W. & Worton, S. M. (1984). Essentials of Photography. New York: Macmillian.Hird, K. F. (1982). Understanding graphic arts. Albany, NY: Delmar.Horrell, C. W. (1983).College Instruction in Photography (8th ed.).Eastman Kodak.Rochester, NY:Kagy, F. D., & Adams, M. (1983). Graphic arts photography. Albany, NY: Delmar.Karshitz, J. R. (1984). Graphic arts technology. Albany, NY: Delmar.Lovell, R. P., Zwahlen, F. C. Jr., & Foils, J. A. (1987). Handbook of photography (2nd ed.).Albany, NY: Delmar.Marino, T. J. & Sheff, D. (1980) Freelance Photographer's Handbook. New York: Bobbs.Montaigne, B. (1979). How to Begin & Operate a Successful Commercial PhotographyBusiness. Simi Valley, CA: Halls of Ivy.Morris, J. (1984). Guide to photography. Mission Hills, CA: Glencoe.Perrett, T. I. (date). A Guide to Making Photography Profitable. Carson, CA: PhotographyResearch Institute: Carson Endowment.Rhode, R. B. (1981) Introduction to Photography (4th ed.). Macmillan.Taylor, H. (1982) Portrait Photography. Hewlett, NY: Avalon Communication.Vogel, H. (1875) The Chemistry of Light and Photography. Salem, NH: Ayer Co.
References and Textbooks continuedV-TECS. (1982). Still photographer:A catalog of tasks, performance objectives, performanceguides, tools, and equipment.Consortium of States.Atlanta, GA:Vocational-Technical EducationV-TECS. (1982). Photo laboratory: A catalog of tasks, performance objectives, performanceguides,tools, and equipment. Atlanta, GA:Vocational-Technical EducationConsortium of States.Walker R. J., & Walker R. E. (1987). Exploring photography. South Holland, IL:Goodheart-Wilcox.Walker, J. R. (1986). Graphic arts fundamentals. South Holland, IL: Goodheart-Wilcox.1721
APPROPRIATE TRADE RESOURCESCurriculum MaterialsThe following materials are available from:The University of Texas at AustinExtension Instruction and Materials CenterP.O. box 7218Austin, TX 78713-7218Format:Curriculum guide containing teaching units with objectives, teaching aids,suggested references, materials for students, a thorough sentence outline,suggested student activities, a unit test, and transparency masters.Title:Photography, 1983Provides comprehensive coverage of the basic techniques necessary tounderstand and operate photographic equipment, to process black-and-whitefilm, and to produce high-quality black-and-white enlargements.Title:Photographer, 1979Covers occupational outlook, what makes a good commercial photograph,compositions, camera operation, exposure determination, light and lightingequipment, camera features and types, selecting film, basic facts onphotochemistry, processing negative, printing and enlarging, print finishing,color basics, types of color processes, color selection when photographing,color exposure techniques, controlling color, color printing, and factors thataffect profits; self-contained.Student's ManualCoordinator's GuideAdditional Tests and Work SheetsTitle:Photographer, MDE Projects for, 1981A series of projects/activities for those selling photography equipment, film,lenses, cameras, and supplies. Basic information is in the Photographerstudent's manual listed above; students complete projects that apply to theirtraining station.1822
APPROPRIATE TRADE RESOURCESAudiovisualsThe following materials are available from:Vocational Media AssociatesBox 1050Mount Kisco, NY 10549-00501-800-431-1242Format: Filmstrip-on-Video, or Sound SlidesTitles:How to Develop FilmHow to Print and EnlargeEffective Darkroom TechniquesTitles:The Beginnings of Photographic CompositionBasic Picture-Taking TechniquesFilm: How it WorksColor Printing from Color Negatives
APPROPRIATE TRADE RESOURCESPeriodicalsThe following trade and/or professional associations produce publications of interest to thisoccupational area:Title:Source:AfterimagesVisual Studies Workshop31 Prince St.Rochester, NY 14607Title:Sour
DOCUMENT RESUME. ED 350 461. CE 062 146. AUTHOR Brown, Ted; Sappe', Hoyt TITLE Commercial Photography. Project Report Phase I with. Research Findings. INSTITUTION Georgia Univ., Athens. Div. of Vocational. Education. SPONS AGENCY Georgia State Dept. of Technical and Adult Education, Atlanta. PUB DATE 89 CONTRACT GA-89-110192 NOTE 39p.
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