Java Web Programming With Eclipse
Java Web Programmingwith EclipseDavid Turner, Ph.D.Department of Computer Science and EngineeringCalifornia State University San BernardinoJinsok Chae, Ph.D.Department of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of IncheonCopyright c 2009 by David Turner and Jinseok ChaeVersion December 1, 2009
PrefaceThe purpose of the book is to introduce students to web application development in Java with the use of Eclipse. The book assumes a familiarity withHTML and the Java programming language.The book is in cookbook format in that it provides instructions on howto construct solutions to various problems. The intent is to show studentshow to accomplish typical Web development tasks in the Java language. Inlater chapters of the book, detailed instructions are omitted if they duplicateinstructions in an earlier chapter. This assumes the student can recall orrefer back to the previous instructions. Unguided exercises are also providedso that students can apply what they have covered in the main text. Thebook omits many details and explanations. For these, the reader will needto consult online documentation or search the Web for other tutorials andarticles. Each chapter contains a list of references that the reader may finduseful for filling in these missing details.This is an active book in the sense that the reader is expected to carryout the procedures described. The code examples provided in each chapterare not self-contained; they need to be developed by progressing sequentiallythrough the chapters.1
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AcknowledgementsThe following people have helped to create this book. Eyob Zellke Patrick O’Conner The students of Winter quarter 2008 of Server Programming at CSUSB3
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Contents1 Introduction to Java Web Application Development111.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.2 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.3 Computer Languages Used for Web Application Development 121.4 The Servlet API . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131.5 Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131.6 Java Server Pages (JSP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141.7 Rich Site Summary (RSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141.8 Representational State Transfer (REST) . . . . . . . . . . . . 151.9 Web Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151.10 Integrated Development Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151.11 Ant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161.12 Web Application Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161.13 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171.14 Web Application Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181.15 Database Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181.16 Development versus Deployment Environments . . . . . . . . 182 Java Setup2.1 Objectives .2.2 Overview .2.3 Installation2.4 Exercises .21212121223 Eclipse Setup3.1 Objectives .3.2 Overview .3.3 Installation3.4 Issues . . .23232324245
63.53.64 e File Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2425Apache Tomcat Web ContainerObjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Install Tomcat . . . . . . . . . . . . .Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Configure Firewall . . . . . . . . . . .Manager Application . . . . . . . . . .Tomcat Documentation . . . . . . . .Log Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Understanding Tomcat Class LoadingDeep Restart of Tomcat . . . . . . . .Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27272728282830313134353636.3939394041454754556 Web Application Logging6.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.2 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6.3 Add the Log4j Library to the Project6.4 The Log4j Configuration File . . . . .6.5 The Eclipse Build Process . . . . . . .6.6 Modify HomeServlet . . . . . . . . . .6.7 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57575758596060655 Java Servlets5.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . .5.2 Overview . . . . . . . . . . .5.3 Project Creation . . . . . . .5.4 Attaching Source Code to Jar5.5 Deployment Descriptor . . . .5.6 Create Home Servlet . . . . .5.7 Web Application Deployment5.8 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Files. . . . . . . . .7 Java Server Pages677.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 677.2 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 677.3 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67December 1, 2009
77.47.5Create a JSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71768 A Simple News Feed Application8.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . .8.2 References . . . . . . . . . . . . .8.3 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . .8.4 Flow of information for RSS . . .8.5 Install Libraries . . . . . . . . . .8.6 Modify the JSP . . . . . . . . . .8.7 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8.8 Create Publisher Project . . . . .8.9 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 The9.19.29.39.49.59.69.79.89.99.109.11.89. 89. 89. 90. 90. 91. 92. 94. 97. 100. 101. 10310 Database-Driven Web Applications10.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10.2 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10.3 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10.4 JDBC Driver Installation . . . . .10.5 Setup Libraries . . . . . . . . . . .10.6 Create a Dynamic News Feed . . .10.7 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10.8 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . .MySQL Database ServerObjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . .References . . . . . . . . . . . . .Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . .Install MySQL . . . . . . . . . .Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .MySQL-Specific Commands . . .Basic SQL Commands . . . . . .Create a Database of News ItemsCreate Ant Build File . . . . . .Run Targets . . . . . . . . . . . .Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . .7979797980818486868710510510510510610710811111311 Database Connection Pooling11511.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11511.2 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115December 1, 2009
811.311.411.511.611.711.8Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Configure the DataSource . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Modify the News Feed Servlet . . . . . . . . . . . . .Create a ServletContextListener to do Initialization .Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11511611711812012012 Data Access Objects12.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . .12.2 Overview . . . . . . . . . . .12.3 Create NewsItem Class . . . .12.4 Create DataAccessObject . .12.5 Modify the News Feed Servlet12.6 Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12.7 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . .12112112112312413013213213 Item Management13.1 Objectives . . . . . .13.2 Overview . . . . . .13.3 Interface Design . . .13.4 Page Design . . . . .13.5 System Architecture13.6 Home Page . . . . .13.7 List Page . . . . . .13.8 View Page . . . . . .13.9 Edit Page . . . . . .13.10Create Page . . . . .13.11Delete Page . . . . .13.12Exercises . . . . . .133133134136139145149153156160170175180.183. 183. 184. 185. 190. 196. 204. 208. 214.14 Web Application Security14.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . .14.2 Overview . . . . . . . . .14.3 Configuration of HTTPS .14.4 The Persistent User Class14.5 Login Functionality . . . .14.6 Security Filter . . . . . .14.7 Password Digests . . . . .14.8 Exercises . . . . . . . . .December 1, 2009
915 Wiki Application Development15.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . .15.2 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . .15.3 Project Creation . . . . . . . .15.4 Persistence Classes . . . . . . .15.5 View Page . . . . . . . . . . . .15.6 Edit Page . . . . . . . . . . . .15.7 Publish Page . . . . . . . . . .15.8 Unpublish Page . . . . . . . . .15.9 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Web Services16.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16.2 A Web Service to Publish News Items . .16.3 Invocation of the Publish Service from the16.4 The Unpublish Service . . . . . . . . . . .16.5 Security Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . .16.6 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Wiki. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .215215216218221229236242248253255. 255. 259. 265. 272. 278. 29017 Conclusion29117.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291December 1, 2009
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Chapter 1Introduction to Java WebApplication Development1.1Objectives To understand the big picture of web development using Java. To learn about web services and how they will be used in this book.1.2OverviewThe term web application refers to a software system that provides a user interface through a web browser. Examples of web applications include blogs,wikis, online shopping, search engines, etc. Web application developmentbecame an important discipline following the adoption of the Internet byordinary users. Many businesses now rely heavily on the web for both internal applications and to provide services to customers, and so there aremany employment opportunities open to individuals with web developmentskills.Web sites can be roughly classified as static or dynamic. Static web sitesare those sites that use a web server to provide access to HTML documentsthat are stored in the file system. Dynamic web sites are those sites thatconstruct the content of web pages from data that is stored in a database.The databases on which these dynamic sites are built are typically modifiedas a result of user interaction with site. Thus, users are presented withweb pages that are uniquely generated for them based on their previousinteractions with the site. The trend is for web pages to be generated from11
12databases rather than being read from the file system.1.3Computer Languages Used for Web Application DevelopmentThere are numerous languages and frameworks that are used for web application development. Java is one of the older and more established languagesin which web applications have been developed. This book covers Java-basedweb application development using Servlets and JSP. This book also coversthe news feed protocol RSS version 2.0, and REST-based web services.Java is a strict object-oriented language in which all function calls aremade to either static methods of classes or to non-static methods that areinvoked through class instances. These classes are organized into namespacescalled packages, so that unqualified class names do not need to be globallyunique.An application programming interface (API) is a specification that defines how user code can access system functionality. The Java API refers tothe specification that defines how Java code may access functionality, suchas opening a file in the file system, creating a socket connection with anotherprocess, creating a linked-list of objects, etc. For example, the following linecreates an instance of the Socket class, which can be used to make TCPconnections to other processes.java.net.Socket socket new java.net.Socket("localhost", 8080);The above line of code can be simplified by importing the class java.net.Socketinto the local namespace by adding the following line just after the packagedeclaration of a java source code file.import java.net.Socket;The above import statement allows for the following simplified versionof the socket creation code give above, in which the package prefix qualifiersare dropped from the Socket class.Socket socket new Socket("localhost", 8080);December 1, 2009
131.4The Servlet APIThe Socket class is an example of a class that is part of the core Java API,which is available in all standard Java virtual machine (JVM) environments.However, web applications typically additional functionality that is not partof the core Java API. In particular, conventional web applications need tobe able to access functionality provided through the Servlet API. Implementations of the Servlet API are provided by third parties, such as Apache,IBM, Oracle, etc. In fact, the Servlet API is provided by something calleda web container (or Servlet container), which is defined within an extensive specification called Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE). A web containeris actually a web server that loads and executes Java Servlets to processincoming requests from browsers (or other HTTP clients).1.5Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE)The Java 2 Enterprise Edition is a specification developed by Sun Microsystems with input from other major companies in the industry through amechanism called the Java Community Process (JCP). J2EE describes a setof services that application developers utilize to solve enterprise computingproblems. There are many third party implementations of J2EE, includingboth expensive proprietary implementations, and free open source implementations. The Apache Software Foundation provides a free open sourceimplementation of J2EE web containers, called Tomcat, which is widely usedin the industry for web applications. This book describes the use of Tomcat,and does not discuss other web containers.Tomcat is not a complete implementation of the J2EE standard. Inparticular, it does not provide an Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) container.JBoss is a popular, free, open source implementation of the complete J2EEstandard. The JBoss project itself does not provide an implementation ofthe Web container; instead, it requires that a third party web containerbe plugged in. However, Tomcat is the default Web container that comespackaged and pre-configured with JBoss. A popular alternative to Tomcatis Resin and a popular non-free alternative to JBoss is IBM’s WebSphere.December 1, 2009
141.6Java Server Pages (JSP)The use of Java Server Pages (JSP) is covered in this book. JSP is a notationthat is added to HTML files, so that per-request functionality can be addedto otherwise statically-defined HTML.It is possible to place all program functionality into JSP files. However,this practice is widely frowned against, because it leads to code that isdifficult to maintain after a project grows in size. There are several reasonsfor this. First, JSP files are compiled at runtime by the web container,so that syntax errors are detected at runtime. By placing this code intoServlets, syntax errors are detected at compile time, which allows syntaxerrors to be caught and fixed at an earlier point in time. Second, JSP filescan not make use of inheritance, so that projects solely written in JSP lookmore like functional programs rather than object-oriented programs, andthus do not make use of the benefits provided by object-oriented design.One can move away from pure JSP designs in two degrees: the javabeans approach, and the servlet approach. The Java beans approach movesdatabase access and other logic into Java beans, which are then invokedfrom the JSP. The Servlet approach also moves database access and otherlogic into Java beans, but also moves controller logic into Java Servlets, andinvokes most of the Java bean functionality from the servlets. This bookillustrates the Servlet approach.1.7Rich Site Summary (RSS)Rich Site Summary (RSS) is an XML-based format for syndicating content.In this book, we show how RSS can be added to a Java-based Web application from both the client side and from the server side. Rather than developall the needed code from scratch, we utilize functionality provided by twodifferent open source projects: JDOM and Informa. JDOM is a library thatsimplifies the processing of XML documents, and Informa is a library thatsimplifies the parsing of RSS documents. These libraries come in the formof jar files, which are zip files containing the byte code that comprise Javaclass and interface definitions. To access the functionality provided by theselibraries, the jar files must be placed in what is called the classpath. Theclasspath is basically a list of folders and jar files that the Java classloadersearches to find definitions of Java classes. When the jar file of a library ispresent in the classpath, then its API becomes visible to application code.There is a tool, called javadoc, that is used to generated API documenDecember 1, 2009
15tation from code and the comments embedded within it. This generateddocumentation is in the form of HTML pages, and is thus viewed withina browser. It is important to become familiar with javadoc-generated APIdocumentation, because it is the standard means to document Java APIs.1.8Representational State Transfer (REST)Representational State Transfer (REST) is formally an architectural stylefor building distributed software applications, that is, software systems thatrun on separate computers and that communicate with each other over anetwork. However, the term is informally used to represent an approachto building Web services in which message data is placed in XML documents and transported using HTTP. In this second meaning, REST is analternative to the more complex form of Web services based on SOAP andWSDL.1.9Web ServicesSoftware systems that provide programmatic interfaces to other systems (asopposed to browsers operated by human users) are similar to web applications in the sense that they rely on the Internet and usually rely on theHTTP protocol. These applications are referred to as web services. Thisbook provides an introduction to REST-based web services.1.10Integrated Development EnvironmentsWhen developing software, programmers tend to rely on integrated development environments (IDEs). An IDE provides important time-saving functionality, such as syntax checking, code assist and re-factoring. With syntaxchecking, the IDE will alert you if you have typed a command incorrectly.The term code assist refers to the ability of the IDE to suggest completionsto a piece of code that you are working on. For example, if a locally scopedvariable is named maximumLikelihoodEstimator and yo
Java is one of the older and more established languages in which web applications have been developed. This book covers Java-based web application development using Servlets and JSP. This book also covers the news feed protocol RSS version 2.0, and REST-based web services. Java is a strict object-oriented language in which all function calls are
2 GETTING STARTED WITH ECLIPSE FOR JAVA 1. Introduction Eclipse is a vast extendable set of tools for software development. Here we are interested in Eclipse's Integrated Development Environment (IDE) component for writing Java programs. Eclipse is an open source project of Eclipse Foundation; you can find information about Eclipse Project at
5.1 Installing Crystal Reports for Eclipse to an Eclipse 3.4 environment Use the following steps to install Crystal Reports for Eclipse to your Eclipse 3.4 environment: Context Installing Crystal Reports for Eclipse to an Eclipse 3.4 environment Procedure SAP Crystal Reports, Version for Eclipse - to the eclipse and then copy the sameManual .
java.io Input and output java.lang Language support java.math Arbitrary-precision numbers java.net Networking java.nio "New" (memory-mapped) I/O java.rmi Remote method invocations java.security Security support java.sql Database support java.text Internationalized formatting of text and numbers java.time Dates, time, duration, time zones, etc.
Assume that you have installed Eclipse files in c:\eclipse. To start Eclipse, double-click on the eclipse icon in the c:\eclipse folder, as shown in Figure 1. The Workspace Launcher window now appears, as shown in Figure 2. Enter c:\smith in the Workspace field and click OK to display the Eclipse UI, as shown in Figure 3. (If the workspace already
Java Version Java FAQs 2. Java Version 2.1 Used Java Version This is how you find your Java version: Start the Control Panel Java General About. 2.2 Checking Java Version Check Java version on https://www.java.com/de/download/installed.jsp. 2.3 Switching on Java Console Start Control Panel Java Advanced. The following window appears:
Tutorial III. Eclipse. Outline Basics Eclipse Plug-in feature, MVC How to build Plug-ins Exploring Eclipse source code for Editor Using CVS inside Eclipse Eclipse JDK Tips. Basics Eclipse projects: - Eclipse platform Plugin architecture Platform, JDT, PDT
Java course that uses Eclipse and for Java programmers who want to develop Java projects using Eclipse. Eclipse is an open source supported by IBM. You can use JDK command line utility to write Java programs. . Resume resumes the execution of a paused program.
WA1278 Introduction to Java using Eclipse - Classroom Setup Guide Eclipse will open showing the Welcome page. (The Welcome screen may vary between versions). _3. From the menu, select File Exit to close Eclipse. Confirm you want to exit Eclipse if prompted. Eclipse Kepler is working fine. Part 9 - Summary
