Unit 1 Introduction To DBMS
Unit 1Introduction to DBMS(Database Management Systems)ApplicationprogramDBMSEnd-user
PART I: Overview DB2SQL (The Relational Model) (The Hierarchical Model) (The Network Model) PART II:(Database Design) E-R Model PART III: Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHU(Access Methods)(Database Recovery)(Concurrency Control)(Security and Integrity)(Query Optimization)(Distributed Database)Unit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-2
PART I: DB2SQL :SQLDBMSMySQL (The Relational Model): (tables) (The Hierarchical Model) (TheNetwork Model): Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHU1-3
Contents of PART I: Unit 1 Introduction to DBMS Unit 2 DB2 and SQL Unit 3 The Relational Model Unit 4 The Hierarchical Model Unit 5 The Network ------ References:1. C. J. Date, An Introduction to Database Systems, 8th edition, 2004.2. J. D. Ullman, Principles of Database and Knowledge-Base, Vol.I, 1988.3. Cited papersWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHU1-4
Outline of Unit 11.1 Information Systems1.2 An Overview of a Database System1.3 Why Database Systems?1.4 An Architecture for a Database System1.5 Data Models1.6 Establish/Design a Database System1.7 Extending Database Technology1.8 Discussion and RemarksWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-5
1.1 Information Systems1-6
Stages of Information System Stage 0: Manual Information System Records Files Index Cards Stage 1: Sequential Information Systems Tapes Files slow, non-interactive, redundancy,. . Stage 2: File Based Information Systems Disk (direct access) application program has its own file data redundancydata dependence Stage 3: DBMS based Information Systems Generalized data management software Transaction processingWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-7
Stage 0: Manual Information System 圖書館index card 醫院診所病歷卡Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-8
Stage 1: Sequential Information Systems The old computer data center at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory .Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-9
Stage 2: File Based Information Systems Conventional Data Processing techniques:Enterprise:ApplicationSystem AApplicationSystem BApplicationProgram AApplicationProgram BFile System ACustomerFile System BInvoiceFile System NInventory ApplicationSystem NWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUApplicationProgram NUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-10
Stage 2: File Based Information Systems (cont.)CustomerInvoiceCustomer No.Customer NamePart No.QuantitiesUnit PriceCustomer No.Customer NameCustomer Addr.Social Security IDInventoryPartsPart No.Part DescriptionUnit PriceSupplierQuantities RemainQuantities OrderedWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUPart No.Part DescriptionSupplierQuantities OrderedCustomer NameUnit PriceUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-11
Stage 2: File Based Information Systems (cont.) Advantages: File Systems are simple in design Disadvantages: Data Redundancy: a waste of memory high update cost data inconsistency Data Incompleteness Data Insecure Application Program Unstable file system (application program)data changeddata structure changedprogram changedWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-12
Solution: Database Systems! Objectives of Database Systems: eliminate unnecessary data redundancymaintain data integritycontrol securityachieve data independenceadd program stabilityWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-13
Stage 3: DBMS based Information Systems:Basic Approach - Integration (1) Integration of Information Description of the integrated view of data is the "ConceptualSchema" of the databaseDBMSApplicationprogramWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUEnd-userUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-14
Stage 3: DBMS based Information Systems:Basic Approach – Simple views and High level language (2) Provide simple views (External Schema) and high level language(e.g. SQL) for users to manipulate (handle) data High level language: e.g. SQL (Structured Query Language) e.g. :SELECT SNAMEFROM SWHERE S# 'S4'; Description of user's view of data is the "external schema" or"subschema" or "view". High-level languages (Query Language): SQL(1) Data Definition Language:define format(2) Data Manipulation Language:retrieve, insert, delete, update Emphasize: EASE OF USE !!Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMSS S# SNAME 0CITYLondonParisParisLondonAthens1-15
Stage 3: DBMS based Information Systems:Basic Approach - Storage/Access Method (3) Efficient Storage/Access Techniques: implemented once rather than duplicated in all applicationprograms.User: query in SQLLanguage ProcessorDBMSAccess Methods CallsAccess Method(B tree, Dynamic Hashing)I/O callsWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-16
Stage 3: DBMS based Information Systems:Basic Approach - Transaction Management (4) Provide Transaction Management: Concurrency Control Recovery Security .:Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-17
Example: A Simple Query ProcessingQuery in SQL：SELECT CUSTOMER. NAMEFROM CUSTOMER, INVOICEWHERE REGION 'N.Y.' ANDAMOUNT 10000 ANDCUTOMER.C# INVOICE.CDBMSLanguage ProcessorInternal Form : ( (SSP)Operator :SCAN C using region index, create CSCAN I using amount index, create ISORT C?and I?on C#JOIN C?and I?on C#EXTRACT name fieldOptimizerLanguageProcessorOperator ProcessorCalls to Access Method：OPEN SCAN on C with region indexGET next tuple.Calls to file system：GET10th to 25th bytes fromblock #6 of file #5Access Methode.g.B-tree; Index;HashingFile SystemAccessMethoddatabaseWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-18
1.2 An Overview of aDatabase System1-19
Database System: Introduction Database Management System (DBMS) Contains a large bodies of information Collection of interrelated data (database) Set of programs to access the data Goal of a DBMS: provides a way to store and retrieve database information convenient and efficientWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-20
Database System: Functions of DBMS Functions of DBMS: Management of Data (MOD) Defining structure for storage data Proving mechanisms for manipulation of data Ensure safety of data (system crashes, unauthorized access,misused, ) Concurrent control in multi-user environment Computer Scientists: Developed a lot of concepts and techniques for MOD Concepts and techniques form the focus of this courseWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-21
Database System: Data Integrated and SharedDBMSApplicationprogramEnd-userWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-22
Database System: Major components Data: integrated and sharedHardware: disk, CPU, Main Memory, .Software: DBMSUsers:1. Application programmers2. End users3. Database administrator (DBA) Defining external schemaDefining conceptual schemaDefining internal schemaLiaison with usersDefining security and integrity checksDefining backup and recovery proceduresMonitoring performance and changing requirementsWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-23
An Example: Supplier-and-Parts Database e.g. Supplier-and-Parts DatabaseSS#S1S2S3S4S5SNAME STATUS 41219CITYLondonParisRomeLondonParisLondon Query: 列出住在London 的供應商名字? Get the total number of suppliers. Total QTY of SP? Get supplier names for suppliers who supply part P2? Get supplier names for suppliers who supply red color SP S#S1S1S1S1S1S1S2S2S3S4S4S4P# QTYP1 300P2 200P3 400P4 200P5 100P6 100P1 300P2 400P2 200P2 200P4 300P5 400parts? Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-24
1.3 Why Database System?1-25
Why Database System? Answer: Easy to retrieve information! Word, Excel vs. Access Query: 列出住在London 的供 e.g. Supplier-and-Parts DatabaseSPS#S1S2S3S4S5P#P1P2P3P4P5P6SP S#SNAME STATUS RedGreenBlueRedBlueRedWEIGHT121717141219Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, S1S2S2S3S4S4S4P# QTYP1 300P2 200P3 400P4 200P5 100P6 100P1 300P2 400P2 200P2 200P4 300P5 400Unit 1 Introduction to DBMS 應商名字?Get the total number ofsuppliers.Total QTY of SP?Get supplier names forsuppliers who supplypart P2?Get supplier names forsuppliers who supplyred color parts? 1-26
Retrieval Operations Easy to retrieve information!P Get color and city for "non-Paris" partswith weight greater than ten.SELECT P.COLOR, P.CITYFROM PWHERE P.CITY 'Paris'ANDP.WEIGHT 10; DISTINCTSELECT DISTINCT P.COLOR, P.CITYFROM PWHERE P.CITY 'Paris'ANDP.WEIGHT 10;Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to 7
Retrieval Operations (cont.) For all parts, get the part number and the weightof that part in grams.SELECT P.P#, P.WEIGHT * 454 AS GMWTFROM P ; Get the maximum and minimum quantity for part P2.SELECT MAX (SP.QTY) AS MAXQ,MIN (SP.QTY) AS MINQFROM SPWHERE SP. P# 'P2'; For each part supplied, get the part number and thetotal shipment quantity.SELECT SP.P#, SUM (SP.QTY) AS TOTQTYFROM SPGROUP BY SP.P#;Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMSSP S#S1S1S1S1S1S1S2S2S3S4S4S4P# QTYP1 300P2 200P3 400P4 200P5 100P6 100P1 300P2 400P2 200P2 200P4 300P5 4001-28
Retrieval Operations (cont.) Get part numbers for all parts suppliedby more than one supplier.SELECTFROMGROUPHAVINGSP.P#SPBY SP.P#COUNT ( SP. S# ) 1; e.g. Supplier-and-Parts DatabaseS S# SNAME 0P P# PNAME COLOR Get supplier names for supplierswho supply part P2.SELECT DISTINCT S.SNAMEFROM SWHERE S. S# IN( SELECT SP. S#FROM SPWHERE SP.P# 'P2‘);Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUP1P2P3P4P5P6NutBoltScrewScrewCamCogUnit 1 Introduction to DBMSRedGreenBlueRedBlueRedSP S2S2S3S4S4S4P# QTYP1 300P2 200P3 400P4 200P5 100P6 100P1 300P2 400P2 200P2 200P4 300P5 4001-29
Why Database ? Easy to retrieve information! Redundancy can be reduced Inconsistency can be avoided The data can be shared Standards can be enforced Security restrictions can be applied Integrity can be maintained Provision of data independence Database Growth Fast!Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMSobjective !1-30
Why Database: Redundancy can be reducedCustomerInvoiceCustomer No.Customer NamePart No.QuantitiesUnit PriceCustomer No.Customer NameCustomer Addr.Social Security IDInventoryPartsPart No.Part DescriptionUnit PriceSupplierQuantities RemainQuantities OrderedWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUPart No.Part DescriptionSupplierQuantities OrderedCustomer NameUnit PriceUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-31
Why Database: The data can be sharedWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-32
Why Database: Security restrictions can be applieduserS S# SNAME STATUSDBMSFile 302030CITYLondonParisParisLondonAthensDBWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-33
Why Database: Integrity can be maintained Consider Supplier-and-Parts Database,Assume the STATUS should always be positive value. CREATE INTEGRITY RULECREATE INTEGRITY RULE R1ON INSERT S.STATUS,UPDATE S.STATUS;CHECK FORALL S ( S.STATUS 0 )ELSE REJECT;Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-34
Why Database: Provision of data independenceWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-35
Data Independence Application Program Data StructureImmunity of application to change instorage structure and access strategy.Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-36
Data Dependence vs. Data Independence Data Dependente.g.S S# SNAME STATUSSELECT CITYFROM SWHERE ITEM 'X'; Linked ns2if item TOP2010302030CITYLondonParisParisLondonAthens. item then . Tree:.if item root.data then root : root .left . Array:if A[I] item then . Storage structure changed program changedWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-37
1.4 An Architecture for aDatabase System1-38
Architecture for a Database System: view 1QueryDBMSLanguage ProcessorOptimizerOperation ProcessorAccess MethodFile ManagerDatabaseWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-39
Querying and Data Storage Components of DatabaseSystem Query Processorunnecessarily with the physical details Storage ManagerRequire a large amount of spaceCan not store in main memoryDisk speed is slowerMinimize the need to move databetween disk and main memoryGoal of a DBMS: provides a way to store and retrievedata that is both convenient and efficient.Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUDBMSLanguage Processor Helps to simplify to access data High-level view Users are not be burdened QueryUnit 1 Introduction to DBMSOptimizerQuery ProcessorOperation ProcessorAccess MethodStorage ManagerFile ManagerDatabase1-40
Architecture for a Database System: view 2User A1HostLanguage DSLUser A2HostLanguage DSLUser B1HostLanguage DSLUser B2User B3HostHostC, C LanguageLanguage DSL DSLDSL (Data Sub. Language)e.g. SQL12External View@#&3ExternalschemaAExternal/conceptualmapping AConceptualschema External ViewBExternal/conceptualmapping DBMS) e.g. systemcatalogConceptual/internalmappingDBA(Build gestructuredefinition(Internalschema)Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHU1Stored database (Internal View)Unit 1 Introduction to DBMS23#.100&@1-41
OverallSystemStructurelow-level data storeddatabaseWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-42
Data Dictionary in DBMSSELECT S.SNAMEFROM SWHERE S. S.CITY “London”;RequestApplication Program9Working Areareturn18762DBMSSystem BufferDataDictionary35OSSecondary MemoryCREATE TABLE S(S# CHAR (5) NOT NULL,SNAME CHAR (20),STATUS SMALLINT,CITYCHAR (15));4DatabaseWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-43
Architecture for a Database System: view 3Scan figureWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-44
Architecture for a Database System: view 4Scan figureWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-45
1.5 Data Models1-46
Data Models: Hierarchical Data Model Network Data Model Relational Data Model Object-Oriented Data Model Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-47
Hierarchical Data Model“Data Pile”course# name prereq.1 prereq.2 off.1 92/9/6 EE108course# nameT003 Yangprereqoff. 1 off. ameWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUEmp.#NameUnit 1 Introduction to DBMSGrade1-48
Network Data ModelSS#PSNAMESTATUSCITYP-SPS-SPSPWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHU(Links)QTYUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-49
The Network Model: Sample ValuesWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-50
Relational Data Model: [Codd70] System R DB2 INGRES Oracle Informix ACCESS mySQL e.g. Supplier-and-Parts DatabaseSPWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUS#S1S2S3S4S5P#P1P2P3P4P5P6SP S#SNAME STATUS ParisRomeLondonParisLondonUnit 1 Introduction to DBMSS1S1S1S1S1S1S2S2S3S4S4S4P# QTYP1 300P2 200P3 400P4 200P5 100P6 100P1 300P2 400P2 200P2 200P4 300P5 4001-51
Object-Oriented Data coloraggregationinheritanceWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMSnamelocation1-52
Database Technology Trends1960s toMid-1970s1970s toMid-1980sLate1980sFutureMerging data models,knowledge representation,and mesMainframesMinisPCsFaster PCsWorkstationsDatabase machinesUserInterfaceNoneFormsQuerylanguages- SQL, QUELGraphicsMenusQuery-by-formsNatural languageSpeech inputProgramInterfaceProcedural4GLLogic programmingIntegrated databaseand programminglanguagePresentationand displayprocessingReportsProcessingdataBusiness graphicsImage outputKnowledgeprocessingGeneralized displaymanagersDistributed knowledgeprocessingData ModelWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, onand transactionprocessingUnit 1 Introduction to DBMSParallel processingOptical memories1-53
1.6 Establish/Design a DatabaseSystem1-54
PART II:(Database Design): DBMS-(Entity-Relationship Model,E-R Model -E-R Model),,-(E-R Diagram): - (Tables)(tables)(Normalization): Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-55
Database Design Database Design - The process of designing the general structure ofthe database: Logical Design Physical DesignLogical Design – Deciding on the database schema. To find a “good” collection of relation schemas. Business decision – What attributes should we record in thedatabase? Computer Science decision – What relation schemas should wehave and how should the attributes be distributed among thevarious relation schemas?Physical Design – Deciding on the physical layout of the databaseWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-56
Design Process Phase I Specification of user requirement (with domain experts)Phase II Conceptual design (unit 6) Choose a data model Design tables Normalization (unit 7)Phase III Specification of functional requirementsPhase IV User interface design (unit 8) ImplementationWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-57
Contents of PART II: Unit 6 Database Design and the E-R Model Unit 7 Normalization ( Unit 8 User Interfaces ( Unit 9: Unit ------ References:1. C. J. Date, An Introduction to Database Systems, 8th edition, 2004.2. A. Silberschatz, etc., Database System Concepts, 5th edition, McGraw Hill, 20063. J. D. Ullman, Principles of Database and Knowledge-Base, vol. I, 1988.4. Cited papersWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-58
How to Establish a Database System? STEP 1: Database Design Logical database vs. physical database Collect data of applications Analyze data to eliminate redundancy (using normalizationtheory and E-R Model ) Describe data in the specific Data Model the DBMS use. Describe each schema in DDL STEP 2: Implementation schema dataSETP3:Evaluation and Correction (by DBA) tuning statistical analysisWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-59
Components of a Database System DDL (Data Definition Language)DML (Data Manipulation Language)Data DictionaryUtility RoutinesWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-60
Components of a Database System: DDL DDL (Data Definition Language)CREATE TABLE S(S#CHAR(5)SNAME CHAR(20)STATUS SMALLINTCITYCHAR(15)PRIMARY KEY (S#));S S# SNAME STATUSNOT NULL,NOT NULL,NOT NULL,NOT CITYLondonParisParisLondonAthensALTER TABLE S ADD DISCOUNT SMALLINT;DROP TABLE SCREATE INDEX XSC ON S (CITY);CREATE UNIQUE INDEX X ON S (S#);DROP INDEX XSC;Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-61
Components of a Database System: DML DML (Data Manipulation Language)SELECT S#, STATUSFROM SWHERE CITY ‘PARIS’S S# SNAME STATUSUPDATE SSET STATUS 2*STATUSWHERE CITY 10302030CITYLondonParisParisLondonAthensDELETEFROM SWHERE S# ‘S5’INSERTINTO S (S#, SNAME, STATUS, )Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-62
Components of a Database System: Data DictionarySELECT S.SNAMEFROM SWHERE S. S.CITY “London”;RequestApplication Program9Working Areareturn18762DBMSSystem BufferDataDictionary35OSSecondary MemoryCREATE TABLE S(S# CHAR (5) NOT NULL,SNAME CHAR (20),STATUS SMALLINT,CITYCHAR (15));4DatabaseWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-63
Components of a Database System: Utility Routines Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHULoading RoutinesReorganization RoutinesJournalizing routines (log)Database Dump RoutinesRecovery RoutinesStatistical Analysis Routines Unit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-64
1.7 Extending Database Technology1-65
Extending Database Technology Expert Database SystemsKnowledge-base Management SystemsAI DB Image Database SystemsIntelligent Pictorial DatabasesImage DB Object-Oriented Database SystemsOO Programming DB Multimedia DatabaseText Voice Image . DB MultidatabasesIntegrate heterogeneous /homogeneousdatabase systemsWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-66
Extending Database Technology (cont.) Real-time Database SystemsReal-time Tech. DB Video Database SystemsMPEG DB Digital LibraryLibrary DB Bioinformatics Database SystemsBiological DB Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-67
Distributed DatabasesDatabase Distributed SystemDistributed database is a database that is not storedin its entirety at a single physical location, butrather is spread across a network of computer. e.g. aichungWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-68
Distributed Databases (cont.) Advantages: efficiency of local processing data sharing Disadvantages: communication overhead implementation difficulties Reference:S. Ceri and G. Pelagatti"Distributed Databases: principles and systems"Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-69
Multi-Database/Heterogeneous DatabaseMultidatabaseIMSHierarchicalModelINGRES. .RelationalModel semantic inconsistencyORIONObjectOrientedModel data incompleteness global schemaWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-70
DB AIQueryDatabaseAIDBMSLanguage ProcessorQuery OptimizerKnowledgeBaseOperator ProcessorAccess MethodFile ManagerLogicalDB designDistributedDB designKnowledgeBaseKnowledgeBaseWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-71
KBMSDatabaseLogic A Combined Model :Logic Programming Relational DB Three layers :User rfaceQuery :? :- ancestor (taro, Y)? :- grandfather (?, c)IDB:ancestor(X,Y):- parent(X,Y)ancestor(X,Y) :- parent(X,Z), ,Y):-edb(mother(X,Y))grandfather(X,Z):- father(X,Y) father(Y,Z)fatherRelational DBmanagementprogram EDBWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUEDB:Unit 1 Introduction to DBMSmotherfather sonABXY. .B.C1-72
Database Object-OrientedOODB A typical Document : MEMO [Woelk86, SIGMOD]MCCTo: W. KimFrom: D. WoolkDate: September 18, 1992Subject: Workstationscan be heardIn the computer center of National Chiao-Tung University, there area lot of workstations. There are HP RS serials, SUNs, Apollo, and soon. The students in NCTU learn to use workstation since they are freshmen. The configuration of the workstations follows:Workstation.speakervoice seServerIn the course introduction to Computer Science? students do theirhomework's on workstations.imageWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-73
Use of a Database Management System inDesign and ase PreliminarydesignINTERFACEDBMSDatabase ManagementSystemGraphic InterfaceTest /InspectionLanguage onManufacturingPlanningWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to jectManagement1-74
Fuzzy DatabaseDatabaseFuzzy Set Theory Fuzzy Query e.g. SELECTFROMWHERESTUDENT.NAMESTUDENTSEX MAND HEIGH TALLERAND WEIGH SLIMMERSTUDENT:NAME SEX HEIGHT WEIGHT IQMaryLinda.FF. e.g. Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NAMESTUDENTIQ 130Unit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-75
ang Yang, Information Management, NDHU? SARS?DBMobile/video?2004?DNA/BioInfo.DBWWWDB911/ AnthraxSecurity20xxUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS?1-76
1.8 Discussion and Remarks1-77
Discussion and Remarks Advantages of database systems Easy to retrieve information!Redundancy can be reducedInconsistency can be avoidData can be sharedStandards can be enforcedSecurity restrictions can be appliedIntegrity can be maintainedProvision of data independence Disadvantages of database systems Database design and control are a complicated matter.Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-78
Contents of Part I: Unit 1 Introduction to DBMS Unit 2 DB2 and SQL Unit 3 The Relational Model Unit 4 The Hierarchical Model Unit 5 The Network ------ References:1. C. J. Date, An Introduction to Database Systems, 8th edition, 2004.2. J. D. Ullman, Principles of Database and Knowledge-Base, Vol.I, 1988.3. Cited papersWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-79
Contents of PART II: Unit 6 Database Design and the E-R Model Unit 7 Normalization ( Unit 8 User Interfaces ( Unit 9: Unit ------ References:1. C. J. Date, An Introduction to Database Systems, 8th edition, 2004.2. A. Silberschatz, etc., Database System Concepts, 5th edition, McGraw Hill, 20063. J. D. Ullman, Principles of Database and Knowledge-Base, vol. I, 1988.4. Cited papersWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-80
Contents of PART III: Unit 11 Access Methods Unit 12 Database Recovery Unit 13 Concurrency Control Unit 14 Security and Integrity Unit 15 Query OptimizationUnit 16 Distributed Database Unit 17 More on E-R Model Unit 18 More on Normalization Unit 19 More on User Interfaces Unit 20 More on --- References:1. C. J. Date, An Introduction to Database Systems, 8th edition, 2004.2. J. D. Ullman, Principles of Database and Knowledge-Base, vol. I, 1988.3. Cited papersWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-81
Contents of PART VI: Unit 21Unit 22Unit 23Unit 24Unit 25Unit 26Unit 27Unit 28Unit 29Unit 30Object-Oriented DatabaseLogic-Based DatabaseImage DatabaseMultimedia DatabaseReal-Time DatabaseParallel DatabaseTemporal DatabaseActive DatabaseBioinformatics Database -- References:1. Cited papersWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-82
Study and Research on DatabasesLevel 5: Doing ResearchLevel 4: Survey Papers: Special Topics (Unit 21 AdvancedDBMS)Level 3: DBMS: Advanced Topics(Unit 11 – 20)Date, Vol. 1, 2UllmanLevel 2: DBMS: Fundamentals(Unit 1 – 10)Date, Vol. 1Using mySQLLevel 1: Using DBMSWei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-83
end of unit 1Wei-Pang Yang, Information Management, NDHUUnit 1 Introduction to DBMS1-84
Database System: Introduction Database Management System (DBMS) Contains a large bodies of information Collection of interrelated data (database) Set of programs to access the data Goal of a DBMS: provides a way to store and retrieve database information convenient and efficient 1-20
Chapter 14 Distributed Databases 14-5 Local User Global User DBMS-2 DBMS-3 ††† Local User DBMS-1 DBMS-n Distributed DBMS Global Schema Figure 14-3 Heterogeneous distributed database environment Source: Adapted from Bell and Grimson, 1992 Location transparency A design goal for a distrib-uted database, which says that a user (or user program)
Database Management Systems Dr. Tariq Ahmad Page 1 Unit-1 Databases-Basic Concepts Structure 1. Introduction 2. Objectives 3. Lesson-1 Why use a DBMS Limitations of file based system The Database Approach Characteristics of DBMS 4. Lesson-2 The Logical DBMS Architecture Data independence 5. Lesson-3 Physical DBMS Architecture
tutorialspoint.com . TUTORIALS POINT Simply Easy Learning Page 1 ABOUT THE TUTORIAL Database Management System [DBMS] Tutorial Database Management System or DBMS in short, refers to the technology of storing and retriving users data with utmost efficiency along with safety and security features. DBMS allows its users to create their own
the underlying database management system (DBMS) and managed by the geodatabase and ArcSDE . As geodatabases are implemented in a relational DBMS using DBMS data types and table formats, the DBMS’s own Structured Query Language or SQL, a database language that supports data definition and data manipulation commands, may be
SPATIAL DATA TYPES AND POST-RELATIONAL DATABASES Post-relational DBMS Support user defined abstract data types Spatial data types (e.g. polygon) can be added Choice of post-relational DBMS Object oriented (OO) DBMS Object relational (OR) DBMS A spatial database is a collection of spatial data types, operators, indices,
Trigonometry Unit 4 Unit 4 WB Unit 4 Unit 4 5 Free Particle Interactions: Weight and Friction Unit 5 Unit 5 ZA-Chapter 3 pp. 39-57 pp. 103-106 WB Unit 5 Unit 5 6 Constant Force Particle: Acceleration Unit 6 Unit 6 and ZA-Chapter 3 pp. 57-72 WB Unit 6 Parts C&B 6 Constant Force Particle: Acceleration Unit 6 Unit 6 and WB Unit 6 Unit 6
A database management system (DBMS) is a collection of programs that enables users to create and maintain a database. According to the ANSI/SPARC DBMS Report (1977), a DBMS should be envisioned as a multi-layered system: Conceptual Schema Physical Database Internal Schema External View 1
API RP 581 is a well-established methodology for conducting RBI in the downstream industry and the 3rd edition of the standard has just been published in April 2016. This paper examines the new features of the 3rd edition particularly for internal and external thinning and corrosion under insulation and it also discusses a case study of application of this latest RBI methodology in France .
