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Wolfgang Martin TeamCopyrightS.A.R.L. Martin/Dr. Wolfgang Martin authored this report. All data and information was gatheredconscientiously and with the greatest attention to detail, utilizing scientific methods. However, noguarantee can be made with regard to completeness and accuracy.S.A.R.L. Martin disclaims all implied warranties including without limitation warranties ofmerchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. S.A.R.L. Martin shall have no liability for anydirect, incidental special or consequential damage or lost profits. The information is not intended tobe used as the primary basis of investment decisions.S.A.R.L. Martin reserves all rights to the content of this study. Data and information remain theproperty of S.A.R.L. Martin for purposes of data privacy. Reproductions, even excerpts, are onlypermitted with the written consent of S.A.R.L. Martin.Copyright 2004 – 2015 S.A.R.L. Martin, Annecy/FranceDisclaimerThe use of names, trade names, trademarks etc. within this document without any special markingdoes not imply that such names are free according to trade mark laws and can be used arbitrarilyby anybody. The reference to any specific commercial product, process or service through tradenames, trademarks, manufacturer names etc. does not imply an endorsement of S.A.R.L. Martin.BI and the digital enterprise / Wolfgang MartinAugust 2015Page 2

Wolfgang Martin TeamPrefaceThe present White Paper “Performance Management and Analytics” is the twelfth edition on theevolution and progress of Business Intelligence. In January 2004, I started version 1.0 with my coauthor Richard Nußdorfer. After the sudden and unexpected death of Richard in October 2008, Icontinued our joint work. The current version 12.0 describes business and technical architecturesof operational, tactical, and strategic performance management and analytics under the aspects ofthe progressing digitalization of enterprises and markets.Performance Management is defined as a business model enabling an organization to aligncontinuously business goals and processes and keep them consistent. It works as a closed-loopmodel for managing the performance of business processes on all three levels with support forplanning, monitoring, and controlling. From a business point of view, this is one logical model, butfrom a technological point of view, rather different technologies with completely different roots areclashing together: Traditional Business Intelligence meets Business Process Management (BPM).The convergence happens via the model of a service-oriented architecture (SOA).In version 6.0, I ended up with the term “Performance Management”. This was after some time ofconfusion in the market when different vendors used different terms for their product offering forperformance management. We have seen terms like “Business Performance Management –BPM”, “Corporate Performance Management – CPM”, “Enterprise Performance Management –EPM”, and others. I now use Performance Management as an umbrella term for BPM, CPM, EPM,etc. Consequently, in version 6.1, I replaced the former term “enterprise information management”by “information management”.Analytics is "the science of analysis". A practical definition, however, would be that analytics is theprocess of obtaining an optimal or realistic decision based on existing data.1 The objective ofanalytics is to derive knowledge from internal and external data and information for controlling anenterprise. Digitalization makes analytics more and more important, since digitalization provokesthe explosion of data volumes. It is a real data deluge. In 2013, the volume of the World Wide Webis supposed to be about 4 zettabytes (1021 B 1 billion TB). This volume is expected to be doubledwithin 2 years. Welcome to Big Data. The most important drivers of this data explosion are socialmedia, sensors, server logs, web clickstreams, the mobile internet and the internet of things.Big data provides a huge potential. It is the source of deep knowledge. You only have to unlock it.But it is by far not as easy and straightforward as you may think. There is a huge variety of sourcesproviding a mix of an enormous amount of data, of fragmented data, and of unmanageable datathat makes it difficult to identify relevant data, and to extract, to store, to administrate and toanalyze it. Indeed, this requires new approaches and new technologies for analytics.Goal of this white paper on “Performance Management and Analytics”. Organizationsdeveloping performance management and analytic solutions will have to decide which platform tochoose for performance management and analytics and which additional best-of-breed-productswill be required. They also have to decide how to deploy performance management and analytics,1see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AnalyticsBI and the digital enterprise / Wolfgang MartinAugust 2015Page 3

Wolfgang Martin Teamvia on premise or by cloud computing. The focus of this White Paper is to assist any decisions inthe described environment. It is aimed to help and to guide management to transform theirbusiness into a digital business through establishing a solid foundation by analytics andperformance management: A digital enterprise is an information-driven enterprise!The author. Since 1984, I have collected lots of experience in Information Technology inmanagement functions, as an analyst and as a strategic consultant. From 1973 till 1984, I was ascientist. Given these backgrounds, I combine theory and practice. As an analyst, I have beendealing since 1996 with strategic deliberations and future developments in information technologyand its impact to the business. I was with Meta Group till 2001, and I am working as anindependent analyst since then.The presented white paper on “Performance Management and Analytics” is divided into twoparts. In this general part 1, benefits, concepts and facilities of performance management andanalytics as well as its reference architecture are discussed. In part 2, platforms and solutions ofselected vendors for performance management and analytics are presented. The following whitepapers are currently available2:arcplan, BOARD, Clueda, Cortex, Cubeware, epoq, geoXtend, IBM, Informatica, Lixto, KapowSoftware, Metasonic, Panoratio, PitneyBowes MapInfo, SAP, Stibo Systems, TIBCO/Spotfire,TonbellerVersion 11.1 of this white paper was first published in March 2015. This version 12.0 from August2015 is a revised and extended version. I added chapter 3.2 on “Operational Intelligence”, andchapter 8 “Ethical Aspects of Analytics” has been rewritten. Furthermore, I have updated thethemes “Planning in Digital Enterprises” (chapter 4.5), “Trends in Data Mining” (chapter 5.6),“Business Activity Monitoring und Complex Event Processing” (chapter 7.1), “Hadoop and Spark –Technical Answers to Big Data Challenges” (chapter 7.4), and “Hadoop, Spark, Data Lake and theData Warehouse” (chapter 7.5). As always, chapters 10.3 to 10.5 (vendor list and classification),and 12 (glossary and abbreviations) have been updated.The author will be delighted to receive reader feedback, commentary, criticism - and compliments,of course!Annecy, August 2015Dr. Wolfgang MartinWolfgang Martin Team2Free download at http://www.wolfgang-martin-team.net in the sections „White Paper“ and „Research Notes“BI and the digital enterprise / Wolfgang MartinAugust 2015Page 4

Wolfgang Martin TeamThe author’s biography:Dr. Wolfgang MartinBiographyDesignated one of the top 10 most influential IT consultants in Europe (by Info Economistmagazine in 2001), Wolfgang Martin is a leading authority on Customer RelationshipManagement (CRM), Business Process Management (BPM), Information Management,Information Governance, Business Intelligence (BI), Performance Management, Analytics, BigData, and Cloud Computing (SaaS and PaaS). He is a founding partner of iBonD, Contributor ofthe ODBMS.ORG, Research Advisor at the Institute for Business Intelligence at the SteinbeisUniversity, Berlin, and member of the Boulder BI Brain Trust.After 5½ years with META Group, latterly as Senior Vice President International ApplicationDelivery Strategies, Mr. Martin established the Wolfgang Martin Team. Here he continues tofocus on technological innovations that drive business, examining their impact on organization,enterprise culture, business architecture and business processes.Mr. Martin is a notable commentator on conference platforms and in TV appearances acrossEurope. His analytic skills are sought by many of Europe’s leading companies in consultingengagements. A frequent contributor of articles for IT journals and trade papers, he is also aneditor of technical literature, such as the Strategic Bulletins on BI, Big Data, BPM, CRM andSOA, as well as the text books “Data Warehousing – Data Mining – OLAP” (Bonn, 1998),"Jahresgutachten CRM" (Würzburg, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 & 2007), and “CRM Trendbook2009” (Würzburg, 2009).Dr. Martin has a doctoral degree in Applied Mathematics from the University of Bonn (Germany).For more information see www.wolfgang-martin-team.netBI and the digital enterprise / Wolfgang MartinAugust 2015 2015 S.A.R.L. MartinPage 5

Wolfgang Martin TeamContents1Management Summary . 92From Business Intelligence to Performance Management and Analytics . 16342.1Pitfalls of Traditional Business Intelligence . 172.2The digitalization of the world . 182.3Big Data and Real Time . 212.4Big Data Benefits and Potentials . 232.5Process-Orientation – a new context for Business Intelligence . 272.6Service Orientation – the new paradigm . 322.7Mobile BI . 35Strategies, Processes, People, Metrics, and Governance. 383.1Process and Service Oriented Business Intelligence . 383.2Operational Intelligence. 423.3Governance: Roles, Responsibilities, Rights and Security . 443.4Working with Performance Management and Analytics . 483.5The Business Intelligence Competence Center . 503.6Agile Methods in BI-Projects . 533.7Roles in Big Data Analytics . 55Methods and Technologies . 584.1Business Components of Performance Management . 584.2From Business Intelligence to Performance Management and Analytics . 614.3Performance Management and Analytics in a SOA. 634.4Performance Management and Analytics meet Enterprise 2.0 (Social Business) . 654.5Planning in the digital enterprise . 69BI and the digital enterprise / Wolfgang MartinAugust 2015Page 6

Wolfgang Martin Team56789Analytics – the Foundation of Performance Management . 725.1Analytic Services. 735.2Data Discovery . 765.3Data Visualization . 805.4Web Analytics . 825.5Predictive Analytics . 845.6Trends in Data Mining . 875.7Text Analytics . 925.8Location Intelligence – the Importance of “Where” . 965.9Big Data meets Performance Management and Analytics . 99Information Management. 1046.1Scope of Information Management . 1046.2From the Data Warehouse to Data Integration . 1076.3Information Services . 1106.4Agile Integration and Extraction Tools for Big Data . 1126.5Meta and Master Data Management . 1146.6Data Quality Management. 1196.7Entity Identity Resolution. 1266.8Information Governance. 1296.9How Data Stewards and Data Scientists act in concert . 132Latency matters . 1357.1Business Activity Monitoring und Complex Event Processing . 1367.2Analytical Databases . 1387.3NoSQL Database and Data Management Systems . 1417.4Hadoop and Spark – Technical Answers to Big Data Challenges . 1437.5Hadoop, Spark, NoSQL and the Data Warehouse . 1467.6Big Data: Data Structures and Latency . 150Ethical Aspects of Analytics . 1538.1Big Data – Big Brother . 1538.2Governance in Dealing with Big Data Analytics. 156Résumé: Performance Management and Analytics versus traditional BI . 1589.1Performance Management versus traditional BI . 1589.2Analytics versus traditional BI . 159BI and the digital enterprise / Wolfgang MartinAugust 2015Page 7

Wolfgang Martin Team10Players in the Performance Management/Analytics Market . 16110.1Trends in Performance Management and Analytics. 16110.2Taxonomy of the Markets for Performance Management and Analytics . 16510.3Classification of Data(base) Management Systems . 16610.4Classification of Performance Management/Analytics Vendors . 16810.5Classification of Information Management Vendors . 17110.6Big Data Evolution: Market Forecasts . 17210.7Fundamentals for selecting PM/Analytics Platforms and Tools . 17510.8Roadmap for Big Data Users . 17611Summary and Literature . 17912Glossary and List of Abbreviations . 18113The Sponsors . 194BI and the digital enterprise / Wolfgang MartinAugust 2015Page 8

Wolfgang Martin Team1Management Summary“In the Age of Analytics, as products and services become ‘lighter’ (i.e., less physical andmore digital), manufacturing and distribution costs—while still important—will be augmentedwith new metrics—the costs of know, the flow of know, and the costs of not knowing.”Thornton May3, Futurist, Executive Director, and Dean of the IT Leadership AcademyPerformance Management and Analytics are principles, methods, and tools for driving,controlling, and governing a business. They get in particular indispensable, when revenuesstart growing slower and are even becoming flat or are shrinking, when budgets becometighter and tighter, when market dynamics are increasing, and when competitiveness isskyrocketing. Then corporate management’s challenges increase significantly. Identifyingpotentials for profit, rigorously cutting cost, intensifying customer contacts as well asprecisely calculating where to optimally spend the remaining resources are key issues notonly for top management. Geopolitical uncertainties make planning much more difficult, butmore important than ever. More and more regulations, for example in financial reporting andconsolidation, do not simplify things at all! What really matters today is the ability to changestrategies and tactics on the fly, the power to innovate, and to grasp upcoming opportunitiesimmediately. This is the only way to survive in the digital era.The digital worldThe digitalization of the world is pushed by innovations in information technology: Cloudcomputing, social media, mobile, big data, and the internet of things revolutionize the worldas fundamentally as the invention of the steam engine in the end of the 18th century, whenthe industrial revolution brought fundamental changes and a new order for society, industry,political systems, and even governments. At the center of both of these upheavals was, andis, is the human being – the person whose life and working world and its requirementsundergo an equally fundamental change.The digital era is also the era after the economic crisis of 2008. Some call it the “newnormal”. It is different to the old normal we used to live in before the crisis. Nothing is andwill be as before. “Strategy as we knew it, is dead”, said Walt Shill already 2010. At that time,he was heading the North American management consulting practice of Accenture4."Corporate clients decided that increased flexibility and accelerated decision making aremuch more important than simply predicting the future." When strategies and forecasts haveto be updated weekly or even daily, then we have to perform that way. The digitalization ofcorporations accelerates speed and dynamics even more. The mobile internet makesinformation ubiquitous. Social Media speed up tremendously the reach and speed ofinformation. The Internet of Things is approaching: machine-to-machine and robot-to-robotcommunication start to produce huge amounts of new data – mostly in real-time. Welcome inthe digital world!3Thornton May: „The New Know“, Innovation Powered by Analytics, 20094see Wall Street Journal (Jan., 25th, 8703822404575019283591121478.html#printModeBI and the digital enterprise / Wolfgang MartinAugust 2015Page 9

Wolfgang Martin TeamIn other words, traditional corporate management hits the wall. The old principles of“operational excellence” are no longer sufficient. Operational excellence createdindustrialization of a business. Industrialization means automation and standardization. Itspeeds up and optimizes business processes, increases throughput as well as it improvesquality. This is still needed, but now in the digital world, we need more. Managing a businessnow requires “agility” as a third imperative beyond traditional efficiency and effectiveness.Agility means the power to continuously change and adapt its business models andprocesses to a steadily changing market and customer dynamics. Acting fast andappropriately in times of change and uncertainty matters! Acting properly is getting a newname: “smart conduct”, i.e. intelligently conducting. Life cycles of business strategies andprocesses get shorter and shorter. As a consequence, speed of changes must increasefaster and faster. Corporate management today and tomorrow must be agile and smart notonly for surviving, but also for prospering.Indeed, corporate management must now go beyond the traditional instruments of planning,execution, monitoring and controlling. The new challenge is governance, risk, andcompliance (GRC). Governance means controlling of all activities and resources in theorganization directed on respectful and durable value creation based on longevity. Riskmanagement encompasses all activities of risk identification, minimization, and avoidance.Compliance means to act in accordance to all management policies as well as to all legaland regulatory requirements. Given the actual economic and financial crisis, more and moresevere regulations are even to be expected. Management must follow these guide lines.For today’s organizations in the digital era, agility, industrialization, and compliance togetherwith smartness are key differentiators making up winners or losers in the world’s global anddigitized markets.An additional major advantage of industrialization, agility, compliance, and smartness is thecapability to implement innovative and creative ideas on the spot. New products and servicesas well as new pricing models can be brought to market in shortest time. Standard processeslike dunning processes can be made customer oriented for regaining revenues alreadybelieved lost. Cross and up selling is powered and new revenue potentials can be tapped byexploiting all information about customer profile and behavior. Just in time identification ofrisk and problems eliminates defective goods and returns. In other words: competivenessincreases, competitors are stunned and customers are enlightened. Digital enterprisesexhibit these capabilities and have the potential for innovation.The digital enterpriseWhat differentiates a digital company from a traditional company? A digital company isformed by digital transformation taking place within the company itself, and it is the role ofinformation technology that changes fundamentally. Whereas in traditional organizations,information technology has the function of auxiliary support processes, it now triggersinnovation of business models as well as of business processes and services in digitalcompanies. New digital business models, processes, and services mean new sources ofrevenues and disruptive competitive advantages. The product portfolio is complemented bydigital products, and information is used as a strategic advantage. In other words: theorganizations reinvents itself.BI and the digital enterprise / Wolfgang MartinAugust 2015Page 10

Wolfgang Martin TeamThe second important property of a digital company is that it is competent in digitalcommunication: Ever increasing quantities of new media and channels are continuallyintegrated into all levels of company communication, and with all business partners. Onlythen can the digital customer be followed and the traces he leaves behind in the digital worldbe found and exploited. Big data can be filtered: Smart customer data is the result.Besides the cultural change needed, the roadmap to a digital enterprise that is industrialized,agile, compliant, and smart is based on a comprehensive approach to a service orientedbusiness process management (BPM). Process and service orientation is definitively theright approach, but process and service orientation must go hand in hand with informationmanagement. This fundamental principle of “no process without data” is often neglected,even overlooked.Indeed, the digital world is driven by data. In the old world, the customer paid for productsand professional services using country-based currencies. But following digitalization, a newcurrency has emerged: Data! If you (i.e., the customer) give me your data, I (Facebook,Google, etc.) will give you a “free” service. Thus, data is increasingly becoming the currencyof the virtual internet world. Digitalization has created the breakthrough: The real world hasmerged with the virtual world - and data has become a world currency.Data in the virtual world can be enriched, e.g., with spatial coordinates from relevant sensordata. Localization and navigation data from smartphones and other mobile devices enable acustomer to be localized and offered locally available services. It is upon this basis that thelargest data collectors (Apple, Facebook, Google, etc.) have risen to become some of thehighest rated companies in the world. But this is hardly surprising, because a company thatuses data on an analytic basis, also has the power to make targeted campaigns in thecustomer’s experience world. Smart customer data (customer related and appropriatelyfiltered data created from big data) transforms a customer into the (much) longed for“transparent” customer.Conversely, the power of data is available for the customer too. In the digital world, prices,product details and professional services are transparent. This means that the digital marketis transparent too – far more transparent than the traditional market. The customer uses thedigital market when hunting for the best offers. A flight from Berlin to Heathrow can becheaper than a taxi journey from Heathrow to central London. The struggle for power willcontinue in 2015 and the years thereafter. The customer will pay increasingly with data, andthe companies will become increasingly hungry for that data. Companies will provide thecustomer with even better experiences - and thereby induce the customer to provide evenmore data.Information ManagementIn the past years, businesses have considered information management only in the restrictedcontext of business intelligence (BI). Extensive BI projects and initiatives were performedto provide availability and accessibility of information to support corporate management byfacts. The result is: Information is available in excess. But due to the scope of traditional BI,the provided information is not put into the context of business processes. In consequence,information is often of rather limited use and value for management. Now, we have to take anew approach for dramatically improving the value of BI and for achieving a break through.Information must be put into the context of business processes and Services. This isBI and the digital enterprise / Wolfgang MartinAugust 2015Page 11

Wolfgang Martin Teamthe basic idea of performance management, and consequently, we need an informationmanagement beyond the restricted view of traditional BI.In a digital enterprise, business process management, performance management andinformation management belong together.Business Process Management is all about managing the life cycle of business processesand business services: from analysis and design via implementation and operations toplanning, monitoring, controlling, and enriching by analytics.Performance Management is defined as a business model enabling a business tocontinuously align business goals and processes and keeping them consistent. The task ofperformance management within BPM is planning, monitoring, and controlling of processesand services and their performance.Analytics denotes the process of gaining information and of deriving a model for utilizationof information (e.g. a predictive model as a result of a data/text mining process) as well asenriching business processes and services by analytic models. The idea behind is to create"smart" processes or services.The goal of Information Management is to create trusted data in the sense of the “singlepoint of truth”. Information management includes data definition (the enterprise terminology),data modeling (the enterprise semantic), meta and master data management (transparencyand traceability), data quality management (relevance and accuracy), and data security andprotection.Performance Managementis an important step towards optimal planning, monitoring and controlling business processesand services and their performance. It acts on all levels: operations, tactics, and strategies.Performance management is based on metrics associated with processes. Performancemanagement starts when designing and engineering processes: metrics (“performancefigures”) have to be derived simultaneously and in parallel

Wolfgang Martin Team BI and the digital enterprise / Wolfgang Martin August 2015 Page 3 Preface The present White Paper “Performanc

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