Presented At The APL/CPAC Rome Satellite Workshop Rome .
Presented at the APL/CPAC RomeSatellite WorkshopRome, ItalyMarch 21-24, 2011By:Ed Derderian and Richard GerkinPolyPlexx, LLC
What could you do with new polymers that: Are clear ( 90% Light transmission) Very tough/Impact resistant (Falling dart test) Have very good ballistics resistance (25% than Polycarbonate)Have good solvent resistanceDo not stress or solvent crazeAre castable (vs. injection molding)Have a high softening pointHave a “renewable content” of 22%
Possible end-uses include: Riot shields view portsFace shields/visorsGogglesBallistic resistant panelsSunglassesOphthalmic lensesGlass laminates
Basic urethane chemistryUrethane polymer chemistryPolyurethane structures and property controlOverview of new polymers
Basic reaction:1 eq. R-NCO 1 eq. R-OHR-NH-COOR(Fast, controllable [catalyst], no by-products)Polymer chemistry:1 eq. OCN-R-NCO 1 eq. HO-R’-OH[-OC-NH-R-NH-COO-R’O-]n(a polyurethane)
Typical formulation: A high MW polyol adiisocyanate a chain extenderE.g. A 2000MW polyether diphenylmethane diisocyanate 1,4-butanediolat a ratio of 1 eq. polyether to 3 eq. of iso to 2 eq. of BDOStructure:Polyether“Soft segment”Very broad formulation latitudeDiisocyanate BDO“Hard Segment”
Polyurethane physical properties are controlled by varyingthe ratio of soft segment to hard segment content in thepolymer:10% HS“Rubber Band”60% HS“Plastic”Typically: Hardness, tensile strength, tensile modulus and flexural modulusincrease Elongation, impact resistance and clarity decreaseViziPlexxTM polymers offer unique combination of high hardness,excellent clarity and very good impact resistance
Modified urethane polymer (ViziPlexx I)-Clear, impact and solvent resistant New urethane polymer (ViziPlexx II)-Improved optical clarity vs. polycarbonate-Excellent impact-No stress/solvent crazing New modified urethane polymer (ViziPlexx IV)-Improved optical clarity over ViziPlexx I-Good high temperature performance & impact-No stress crazing-Best cost performance
PropertiesViziPlexx IViziPlexx IIViziPlexx IVLight Trans, % ( 460nm)889188Refractive Index1.521.511.52Abbe number (PC 30)425848Density, g/cm1.071.121.07D Durometer Hardness808584Flexural Mod, psi120,000198,000140,000Tensile Strength600055005600Vicat Softening Point, C184103184Very GoodVery GoodVery GoodOpticalPhysical PropertiesSolvent Resistance:Acetone, Diesel fuel, Hydraulic fluid
Impact PropertiesViziPlexx IViziPlexx IIViziPlexx IV2.7 kg dart, 6.35mm radiustip. 3.175mm thick panel 107cm 107cm 107cm0.9 kg dart, 6.35mm radiustip. 1.1mm thick panelNA secNo penetrationNo penetrationNo F, 22 cal FSP, V506.35mm thick panel12.7mm thick panel22 cal LR bullet, 1100 ft/sec6.35mm thick panel*Polycarbonate 889ft/sec
BallisticDemonstrationViziPlexx I.Panel: 15.2 x 15.2 x 1.27 cm.Bullet: 22 cal Long Rifle ,40 grainsVelocity: 335m/sec.,Range: 12m.The panel actually caught thebullet.
Impact PropertiesViziPlexx IIViziPlexx IV2mm plano lens, 8 base 285cm 285cm1.1mm flat panel 285cmNA0.7mm flat panel 285cmNA 107cm (no crack) 107cm, (no crack) 270cm 208cmOptical Applications“FDA” Test, 2.54cm steel ball1.8 kg steel dart, 6.35mm radius tip2mm plano lens, 8 base0.5 kg steel dart, “sharpened tip”2mm plano lens
Impact resistantlensesViziPlexx II.Lens diameter 70mmThickness 2mmConfiguration: PlanoRigid mount over a 55mm opening.Missile: 500g steel dart with a“sharpened tip”Drop height: 270cmNo cracking
ViziPlexx IApplications: Riot shields, view ports, face shields ballisticsresistant applications ViziPlexx IIApplications: Ophthalmic lenses, optical lenses, sunglasses ViziPlexx IVApplications: Ophthalmic lenses & ballistics resistantapplications All three polymers can be used to prepare glass laminates
MATRIC – Lab space and infrastructure supportMike Walker – Laboratory experience in castingurethane polymersJon Pauley – Business and commercial support
Basic urethane chemistry Urethane polymer chemistry Polyurethane structures and property control Overview of new polymers. Basic reaction: 1 eq. R-NCO 1 eq. R-OH R-NH-COOR (Fast, controllable [catalyst], no by-products) Polymer chemistry: 1 eq. OCN-R-NCO 1 eq. HO-R’-OH [-OC-NH-R-NH-COO-R’O-] n (a polyurethane) Typical formulation: A high MW polyol a diisocyanate a chain extender E .
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