217: Elevator: Traction Elevator Module 3: Control Systems
PREVIEWONLYInstructor Guide217: Elevator: Traction ElevatorModule 3: Control Systems
Elevator – Electric Traction Control SystemsNLYInstructor’s GuideTable of ContentsPREVIEWOOverview . . .4Systems Operation . . 14Door Controllers . .31Selector Controllers . .38Traveling Cables. 48Hoist Drives .52Summary . 661
Instructor’s GuideIcons Used In This GuideNLYElevator – Electric Traction Control SystemsAgendaTopic #Topic TitleOverview30 minutes2Systems Operation40 minutes3Door Controllers20 minutes4Selectors30 minutes5Traveling Cables30 minutes6Hoist Drives30 Minutes7Video20 minutes8Summary20 Minutes9Related Field TripsIEWO1PREVDuration210 MinutesTotal Time:420 Minutes2
Elevator – Electric Traction Control SystemsNLYInstructor’s GuideOverviewMaterialsPurposeThe purpose of this unit is to explain and discuss thefoundation of control systems in transit electric tractionelevator systems. The key concepts discussed will aidthe trainee in their future applications of elevatorconcepts and terminology. ObjectivesWO Mandatory Make sure you have the followingThe purpose of this module is to:PREVIEAt the end of this lesson, the transit elevator/escalator trainee willbe able to: Identity the different types of control systemsencountered in elevator systems Discuss methods of interfacing between elevatorcar and controller Explain purpose of traveling cable, (fastening,securing, looping) Identify control systems and associatedcomponents Name the associated safety circuit and safetydevices Identify and describe types of selectorsOptionalPowerPoint PresentationCourse bookQuizzesPencilsPaperYou may also want the following for optionalactivities: Chalk board with chalk, large paper withmarker, etc.Internet connectionLab, simulator or out of service elevator3
Instructor’s GuideModule Length: 420 minTime remaining: 420 minThis section: 30 min (9 slides)DONLYElevator – Electric Traction Control SystemsSection start time:SAYIn your own words:OREVIEW introduction slidesMaterials Needed PPT slides 1, 2WWelcome to the control systems modulefor electric traction elevators.Advance.Section End Time:IEPREVInstructor’s NotesRiders depend on us, and the vast andcomplex electrical control system is thepower behind every elevator componentaction and car movement.Advance.4
Instructor’s GuideModule Length: 420 minTime remaining: 420 minThis section: 30 min (9 slides)DOSection start time:SAYIn your own words:Advance. And continuing on, Selectorcontroller, Selector tape, Signal indicators,Silicone Control Rectifier (SCR)Simplex, Terminal landing final limit switchTerminal landing normal limit switch,Advance.Terminal landing slowdown limit switch,Travelling cable, Up level switchVariable Frequency Drive (VFD)Variable-Voltage Variable-Frequency(VVVF)Advance.Section End Time:Materials Needed PPT slide 4PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWOREVIEW key termsNLYElevator – Electric Traction Control Systems7
Elevator – Electric Traction Control SystemsModule Length: 420 minTime remaining: 420 minNLYInstructor’s GuideThis section: 30 min (9 slides)DOSAYIn your own words:You will recall from course 213 that an electrictraction elevator includes a hall call stationand car operating station, both found inhydraulic elevator systems and bothcontrolled by the controller. But unlikehydraulic elevator system, an electric tractionelevator system moves by means of a drivemotor with a sheave, governor, andcounterweight all controlled by the controlleras well.Advance.Section End Time:Materials Needed PPT slide 6PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWOREVIEW slideSection start time:9
Instructor’s GuideModule Length: 420 minTime remaining: 420 minThis section: 30 min (9 slides)DOSection start time:SAYIn your own words:Traditionally, all of the control functions of anelectric traction elevator have been performedby relay circuitry centrally located in themachine room adjacent to the pump unit. Carposition signals are provided by switchesmounted at appropriate locations in thehatchway. The switches are actuated by camsmounted on the car and signals are brought tothe controller by a hoistway riser also knownas a conduit.But just like anything else, technologychanges with time.Advance.Section End Time:Materials Needed PPT slide 8PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWOREVIEW slideNLYElevator – Electric Traction Control Systems11
Instructor’s GuideTime remaining: 390 minThis section: 40 min (17 slides)DOSAYIn your own words:Advance. The controller acts as the brain forall elevator operations. Advance. Whether arelay system, a solid state system, a PLC, orsome combination of these, the elevatorcontroller performs the following functions,many of them simultaneously: Advance.controls the elevator car movement upwardand downward; Advance. levels the elevatorcar at each floor; Advance. determineswhen to open and close the elevator doors forthe hoistway and for the elevator car;Do Not Advance.Section End Time:Materials Needed PPT slide 10PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWOREVIEW slideSection start time:NModule Length: 420 minLYElevator – Electric Traction Control Systems14
Instructor’s GuideModule Length: 420 minTime remaining: 390 minThis section: 40 min (17 slides)DOSection start time:SAYIn your own words:Inside the elevator car is the car operatingpanel which, along with floor buttons, mayinclude an inspection key switch for normal“run” or “inspection” operation.[Discuss the various buttons on thepanel.]Advance.Section End Time:Materials Needed PPT slide 12PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWOREVIEW slideNLYElevator – Electric Traction Control Systems18
Instructor’s GuideModule Length: 420 minTime remaining: 390 minThis section: 40 min (17 slides)DOSection start time:SAYIn your own words:On some elevators there may be another typeof control key switch that is designated forindependent service. When activated the carcan be removed from automatic operation andbe operated manually. Independent servicehas full control of starting, stopping, anddirection of the car travel. The car respondsonly to the car buttons.Advance.Section End Time:Materials Needed PPT slides 20, 21, 22PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWOREVIEW slidesNLYElevator – Electric Traction Control SystemsFire service recall controls are three-positionkey-switches which are integrated into the hallcall stations. These controls come with ainstructions on the mounting plate.Advance.Here is an example of a traction elevatorcontroller in transit.Advance.25
Elevator – Electric Traction Control SystemsModule Length: 420 minTime remaining: 390 minNLYInstructor’s GuideThis section: 40 min (17 slides)DOSAYIn your own words:Three means for car movement usinginspection service include:a.Hallway call stationb.Hoistway access switchesc.Inside controllerd.Car top inspection stationCall on participants for answer.Advance for correct answer.Answer: b., c., d.Advance.Section End Time:Materials Needed PPT slide 26PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWOASKSection start time:29
Instructor’s GuideModule Length: 420 minTime remaining: 280 minThis section: 20 min (5 slides)DOSection start time:SAYIn your own words:The first intrusion during a stop at any landingwill cancel the normal dwell time for the doorsand substitute a door protective system timecommencing with the removal of the intrusion.Advance. If during this period anotherintrusion occurs, the same delay period shallapply and this cycle will continue until trafficthrough the doorway ceases. The doors willcommence to close immediately after theexpiration of the determined period once thelast intrusion has been removed. Advance. Ifthe doors are prevented from closing for alonger period, they will close at a reducedspeed and a buzzer alarm will soundindicating a possible problem with the system.This condition is sometimes described as“nudging.”Advance.Section End Time:Materials Needed PPT slide 29PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWOREVIEW slideNLYElevator – Electric Traction Control Systems33
Instructor’s GuideTime remaining: 260 minThis section: 30 min (14 slides)DOSAYIn your own words:Conventional electric traction elevatorselectors utilize switches mounted in thehoistway. This involves considerableinstallation costs, but the use of discreteswitches for each control signal provides asimple method of outputting car position as asignal suitable for actuating the controller.Since each hoistway position requires adiscrete switch, it is not practical to mount acorresponding number of separately actuated,discrete switches on the elevator car. There ishowever, an advantage to locating all of theactive devices in a factory-wired unit mountedon the car, and in using only inert devices inthe hoistway.Section End Time:Materials Needed PPT slide 34PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWOREVIEW slideSection start time:NModule Length: 420 minLYElevator – Electric Traction Control SystemsAdvance.38
Instructor’s GuideModule Length: 420 minTime remaining: 260 minThis section: 30 min (14 slides)DOSection start time:SAYIn your own words:Selector Controllers can read these pulseseither optically or magnetically (Hall Effect).In a slotted optical switch, an LED is mountedin a plastic housing, facing a phototransistor,but separated by a gap. As the selector tapemoves into the gap, it either blocks the lightpath between the LED and the phototransistoror allows light to pass through when the tapeslots are present.Advance.Section End Time:Materials Needed PPT slides 39, 40PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWOREVIEW slidesNLYElevator – Electric Traction Control SystemsAnd here is an optical selector controller byVirginia Controls.Advance.42
Instructor’s GuideModule Length: 420 minTime remaining: 260 minThis section: 30 min (14 slides)DOSection start time:SAYIn your own words:A selector unit mounted on the car has guidesfor engaging the ends of the tape, a barmagnet and a magnetic sensor to detect carmovement, a magnetic sensor array in verticalalignment with the floor landing magnets andanother magnetic sensor array in verticalalignment with the door zone magnets.Preferably, the magnetic sensors are HallEffect devices and are mounted on a flatboard, e.g. a printed circuit board, with aspecial mount piece. Similarly, the barmagnets are mounted on the printed circuitboard by way of a special centering mountingpiece.Advance.And here is an magnetic selector controller byEECO.Advance.Section End Time:Materials Needed PPT slides 42, 43PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWOREVIEW slidesNLYElevator – Electric Traction Control Systems44
Elevator – Electric Traction Control SystemsModule Length: 420 minTime remaining: 260 minNLYInstructor’s GuideThis section: 30 min (14 slides)DOSection start time:SAYIn your own words:An selector controller movesacross the tape and is read by light eitherbeing blocked or passing through.a.Opticalb.MagneticMaterials Needed PPT slide 45WOASKSection End Time:IEPREVInstructor’s NotesCall on participants for answer.Advance for correct answer.Answer: a.Advance.46
Instructor’s GuideTime remaining: 230 minThis section: 30 min (3 slides)DOSAYIn your own words:In an elevator system traveling cables havetwo functions. First, they provide an electricalpathway for control and power circuits fromthe elevator car to the controller in themachine room. Second, the traveling cableprovide a conduit for the variouscommunication demands of the elevatorsystem and this is continuous from the car tothe communications interface cabinet in theelevator machine room via the halfway box.Section End Time:Materials Needed PPT slide 47PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWOREVIEW slideSection start time:NModule Length: 420 minLYElevator – Electric Traction Control SystemsDo Not Advance.48
Instructor’s GuideModule Length: 420 minTime remaining: 130 minThis section: 30 min (15 slides)DOSection start time:SAYIn your own words:Gearless traction machines use Advance.DC or AC motors. Advance. DC motorsdriven by motor generator sets (MG) are bestsuited when there is a possibility of fluctuatingline voltage or the facility contains verysensitive electronic equipment. Advance.DC motors driven by silicon-controlledrectifiers (SCR) use less power and requireless maintenance although they are currentlymore expensive than MG. Advance.Nowadays, virtually all new gearless tractionmachines use AC motors driven by the VV orVVVF drive.Advance.Section End Time:Materials Needed PPT slide 61PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWOREVIEW slideNLYElevator – Electric Traction Control Systems60
Elevator – Electric Traction Control SystemsModule Length: 420 minTime remaining: 20 minNLYInstructor’s GuideThis section: 20 minutes (3 slides)DOSAYIn your own words:Read slide.[For each objective, briefly review whatwas learned in this module or askparticipants to share what they havelearned for each learning objective andbriefly discuss as a class.]Advance.OREVIEW slidesSection start time:Materials Needed PPT slides 68, 69Lets take a look at some of the key words wehave defined as moved through this module.[Read slide. Discuss definitions as agroup.] Advance. [Read slide. Discussdefinitions as a group.]Advance.PREVInstructor’s NotesIEWASKSection End Time:[Read slide. Discuss definitions as agroup.] Advance. [Read slide. Discussdefinitions as a group.]Advance.66
PPT slide 6 9 You will recall from course 213 that an electric traction elevator includes a hall call station and car operating station, both found in hydraulic elevator systems and both controlled by the controller. But unlike hydraulic elevator system, an electric traction e
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The subway train contains four motor vehicles and two trailer vehicles. 2.2 Modeling of the traction system In order to reduce the computational effort of the simulation, the traction process is described in Fig. 1. The traction instruction is sent out by controller as traction level. In the model traction
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