Supporting Information Control Of Periodic Defect Arrays .
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Soft MatterThis journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013Supporting InformationControl of Periodic Defect Arrays of 8CB (4’-n-octyl-4cyano-biphenyl) Liquid Crystal by Multi-directional RubbingJong Min Oka, Yun Ho Kimb, Hyeon Su Jeongc, Hae-Wook Yooa, Jung Hyun Kimd, MohanSrinivasaraoe,f and Hee-Tae Junga,*aDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK-21), Korea Advanced Instituteof Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, KoreabAdvanced Functional Materials Group, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology,Daejeon 305-600, KoreacdeOptical Material Lab, Materials R&D center, SK innovation, Daejeon, 305-712, KoreaIT&E Materials R&D, LG Chem. Research Park, LG Chem. Ltd., Daejeon, 305-380, KoreaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry,Georgia Institute of Technology 801 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-0295, USAfWorld Class University Program, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering,KAIST, Daejeon, 305-701, KoreaAuthor E-mail Address: heetae@kaist.ac.kr1
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Soft MatterThis journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013Fig. S1 AFM images and surface profiles of (a) Pristine PI substrate, (b) Unidirectionalrubbed PI substrate, (c-e) Multidirectional rubbed PI substrate with 90 , 45 , and 60 -rubbingangle, respectively.2
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Soft MatterThis journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013Fig. S2 (a) AFM image (4 x 4 mm2) for the top surface of unidirectional rubbed PI substrate.(b, c) POM images of 8CB on the unidirectional rubbed PI substrate. (b) Black texture at thenematic phase. Optical axis of LC molecules aligned homogenously along upward rubbingdirection is parallel to one of the polarizer. (c) One dimensional array of TFCD at the SmAphase. Inset is magnified image. White arrows indicate rubbing direction. (Scale bar: 20μm)3
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Soft MatterThis journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013Fig. S3 POM textures of TFCD array on 90 -rubbed substrate with same rubbing condition ofeach rubbing direction. Degree of rubbing strength is (a)100 mm, (b)200 mm, (c)300 mm,(d)350 mm. Insets of (a, b, c, d) are magnified image. White arrows indicate rubbingdirections (Scale bar: 50μm)4
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Soft MatterThis journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013Fig. S4 POM textures of TFCD array on 90 -rubbed substrate with different rubbingcondition of each rubbing direction. First rubbing direction is upward and second is leftward.The conditions of first-second rubbing strength are (a) 100mm-300mm, (b) 200mm-300mm ,(c) 300mm-100mm, (d) 300mm-200mm, respectively. White arrows indicate rubbingdirections (Scale bar: 50μm)5
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Soft MatterThis journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013Fig. S5 AFM image and surface profile of TFCD array on 90 -rubbed substrate. Two whitearrows indicate 1st and 2nd rubbing directions. The defect-induced surface depressionsconfirm the TFCDs and dimple-like structures of TFCDs were observed. Center to center ofTFCDs is 3.5 um and the depth of depressions is 10 nm. The surface topologicalmeasurements were performed using a Bruker AFM (Multimode 8) in tapping mode. We usedrectangular cantilevers with a resonance frequency of about 320 kHz and a force constant of42N/m. The scanning speed was 0.3 Hz.6
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Soft MatterThis journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013Fig. S6 POM textures of nematic phase of 8CB by rotating the sample on 90 -rubbedsubstrate. (a) Checker-board pattern at the nematic phase. (b) Black texture appears when thesample was rotated by 45degree. It means that LC molecules are aligned along intermediateangle between first and second rubbing directions. White arrows indicate rubbing directions.(Scale bar: 100μm)7
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Soft MatterThis journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013Fig. S7 POM textures during transition from nematic to SmA phase on unidirectional rubbedPI substrate. Texture change of 8CB at phase transition temperature, 33.5 C, for (a) 0s, (b)0.6s, (c) 3.6s, and (d) 15.6s duration. White arrows indicate rubbing direction. (Scale bar:20μm)8
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Soft MatterThis journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013Fig. S8 Comparison with different SmA LC materials. Molecular structures and phasetransition temperature of (a) semi-fluorinated SmA liquid crystal and (b) 8OCB. POM imagesof (c) hexagonal array of semi-fluorinated SmA liquid crystal and (d) square array of 8OCBon the 90 -rubbed substrate. Inset of (d) is magnified image. White arrows indicate rubbingdirection9
1 Supporting Information Control of Periodic Defect Arrays of 8CB (4’-n-octyl-4-cyano-biphenyl) Liquid Crystal by Multi-directional Rubbing Jong Min Oka, Yun Ho Kimb, Hyeon Su Jeongc, Hae-Wook Yooa, Jung Hyun Kimd, Mohan Srinivasaraoe,f and Hee-Tae Junga,* a Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engin
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