GRUNDFOS PRODUCT GUIDE - Solar-electric
GRUNDFOS PRODUCT GUIDESQFlexRenewable-energy basedwater supply systems50/60 Hz
SQFlexTable of contents1.2.Product data3IntroductionApplicationsFeatures and benefitsPerformance rangeSystem overviewIdentification355789ConstructionMaterial specification,helical rotor pumpMaterial specification,centrifugal pumpMaterial 3Sizing of SQFlex systemApplication examples1314Solar panel wiring23Methods of solar panel wiring23Performance curves25Curve conditionsCurve charts2526Technical data32Dimensions and weightsSQF pumpMotorCU 200 SQFlex control unitIO 50 SQFlex switch boxIO 101 SQFlex switch boxIO 102 SQFlex breaker boxCharge controller3233333434343434Accessories35CU 200 SQFlex control unitIO 50 SQFlex switch boxIO 101 SQFlex switch boxIO 102 SQFlex breaker boxCharge controllerSubmersible drop cablesWhisper 200 wind turbineGF100 solar panel3537373738383941Further product documentation42WebCAPSWinCAPS4243
1SQFlexIntroductionThe SQF pump complete comprises:The SQFlex system is a reliable water supply systembased on renewable energy sources, such as solarand wind energy. The SQFlex system incorporates anSQF submersible pump. motor 6 ft (1.8 m) cable with water level electrode andsocket cable guard.TM02 2217 3901Very flexible as to its energy supply and performance,the SQFlex system can be combined and adapted toany need according to the conditions on the installationsite.Product data1. Product dataThe system components areFig. 2 SQF submersible pumpCU 200 SQFlex control unitIO 50 SQFlex switch boxIO 101 SQFlex switch boxIO 102 SQFlex breaker boxcharge controllerenergy supply:– solar panels– wind turbine– generator– batteries.Pump typeSQF submersible pumpThe SQF pump range comprises two pumptechnologies: the helical rotor pump (3") for high heads and smallflows. the centrifugal pump (4") for low heads and largeflows.The performance curves in fig. 1 illustrates the pumpperformance for the two pump models.HABQ /dayTM02 2425 3901A: Helical rotor pumpB: Centrifugal pumpFig. 1SQF pumpPump sizeProduct number3 SQF 23"950273323 SQF 33"950273336 SQF 23"950273346 SFQ 33”9683484011 SQF 23"9502733516 SQF 104"9502735025 SQF 34"9502735125 SQF 74"9502735340 SQF 34"9502735440 SQF 54"9502735560 SQF 34"95027443Currently the complete range consists of six centrifugalpumps and five helical rotor pumps. The centrifugalpumps are adapted from Grundfos’ present 4” SPrange (16S, 25S, 40S, and 60S). These pumps areused when lower heads and higher flow rates arerequired.The positive displacement helical pump ends are3” in diameter and available in five models rangingfrom 3 to 11 gpm (0.68 to 2.50 m3/h). These aredesigned for higher head and lower flow requirements.The pump rotor is a single-twisted helix (spiral) madeof hard-chromium plated stainless steel. Duringoperation, the rotor rotates eccentrically in a doublehelical elastic stator.Performance ranges for helical rotor andcentrifugal pumpsThe SQF pump is available as a complete unit only.3
1SQFlexProduct dataMotorIO 101 SQFlex switch boxThe motor has been developed specifically for theSQFlex system and is designed according to thepermanent-magnet principle with built-in electronic unitand is available in only two sizes.The IO 101 is an on/off switch box designed foropening and closing the system power supply and isused in solar-powered SQFlex systems with a back-upgenerator.The motor speed range is 500-3600 rpm, dependingon power input and load.IO 102 SQFlex breaker boxThe motor is constructed in 304 stainless steel.Max. ratings are as follows: Maximum power input (P1) of 1400 W maximum current of 8.4 A maximum speed of 3600 rpmThe pump delivers its maximum performance whenone of the above parameters is reached.30-300 VDC1 x 90-240 VDCN LThe IO 102 is an on/off breaker box designed foropening and closing the system power supply and isused in wind-powered SQFlex systems or wind- andsolar-powered SQFlex systems.The IO 102 makes it possible to slow down or stop thewind turbine.Charge controllerThe charge controller is used when a battery backupsystem is installed with an SQFlex pumping system.Solar modulesGrundfos’ solar modules have been developedspecifically for the SQFlex system. The solar modulesare equipped with plugs and sockets enabling easyconnection in series or parallel.TM02 2437 3901For further information on solar modules, pleasecontact your local Grundfos company.Fig. 3Wiring diagramThe motor is to be connected to the power supply asshown in fig. 3.As the integrated electronic unit enables the motor tohandle both DC and AC supply voltages, it makes nodifference how the wires " " and "–" or "N" and "L" areconnected.Supply voltageFlexible as regards power supply and power range, themotor can be supplied with either DC or AC voltage: 30-300 VDC, PE 1 x 90-240 V –10 % / 6 %, 50/60 Hz, PE.CU 200 SQFlex control unitThe CU 200 is a combined status and control unit forthe SQFlex pump system. Moreover, the CU 200enables connection of a level switch placed in a waterreservoir or tank.IO 50 SQFlex switch boxThe IO 50 is an on/off switch box designed for openingand closing the system power supply.4GeneratorIn case the power supply from its primary source ofenergy is temporarily insufficient or unavailable, theSQFlex system can be powered by a generator.BatteriesThe SQFlex system can be powered by batteries witha voltage supply of 30-300 VDC, maximum current8.4 A.
1SQFlexFeatures and benefitsBeing designed for continuous as well as intermittentoperation, the SQFlex system is especially suitable forwater supply applications in remote locations, such as villages, schools, hospitals, single-family houses,etc. farms– watering of cattle– irrigation of fields and greenhouses game parks and game farms– watering applications conservation areas– surface water pumping– floating pump installations for pumping of waterfrom ponds and lakes.Product dataApplicationsDry-running protectionThe SQF pump is protected against dry running inorder to prevent damage to the pump. The dry-runningprotection is activated by a water level electrodeplaced on the motor cable 12-24 in. (.3 to .6 m) abovethe pump, depending on pump type.The water level electrode measures the contactresistance to the motor sleeve through the water.When the water level falls below the water levelelectrode, the pump will be cut out. The pump willautomatically cut in again 5 minutes after the waterlevel is above the water level electrode.Pumped liquidsSQF pumps are applicable in thin, clean,non-aggressive, non-explosive liquids, not containingsolid or long-fibered particles larger than sand grains.12-24 in. (.3 to .6 m)pH value: 5 to 9.Liquid temperature: 32 F to 104 F (0 C to 40 C)The pump can run at free convection ( 0 ft/s) atmaximum 104 F ( 40 C).TM02 2436 3901Sand contentMaximum sand content: 50 ppm.A higher sand content will reduce the pump lifeconsiderably due to wear.Stainless steelAISICl- content[ppm]Liquid temperature[ F ( C)]3040-300300-500 104 (40) 86 (30)Fig. 4Vertical installation12-24 in. (.3 to .6 m)Fig. 5TM02 2435 3901Salt content (chloride ions CI-)The table below shows the resistance of stainless steelto Cl-. The figures in the table are based on a pumpedliquid with a pH value of 5 to 9.Horizontal installationHigh efficiencyThe MSF 3 motor is a permanent-magnet motor(PM motor) featuring a higher efficiency within thepower range compared to a conventionalasynchronous motor.In addition to this, the segmented motor statorcontributes considerably to the high efficiency.The MSF 3 motor is furthermore characterized by ahigh locked-rotor torque even at low power supply.5
1SQFlexProduct dataOvervoltage and undervoltage protectionBuilt-in sand shieldOvervoltage and undervoltage may occur in case ofunstable power supply or a faulty installation.The built-in sand shield prevents sand damage to thepump and motor by slinging it out through the ovalslots located at the base of the pump end.The pump will be cut out if the voltage falls outside thepermissible voltage range. The motor is automaticallycut in when the voltage is again within the permissiblevoltage range. Therefore no extra protection relay isneeded.Note: The MSF 3 motor is protected against transientsfrom the power supply according to IEC 60664-1"overvoltage category III" (4 kV). In areas with highlightning intensity, external lightning protection isrecommended.Overload protectionIn case the upper load limit is exceeded, the motor willautomatically compensate for this by reducing thespeed. If the speed falls below 500 rpm, the motor willbe cut out automatically.The motor will remain cut out for 10 seconds afterwhich period the pump will automatically attempt torestart.ReliabilityThe MSF 3 motor has been developed with a view tohigh reliability achieved through the following features: carbon/ceramic bearings excellent starting capabilities various protection facilities.Simple installationThe following features ensure simple installation ofthe SQF pump: low weight ensuring user-friendly handling installation in 3", 4" or larger boreholes only an on/off switch is needed, which means thatno extra motor starter / starter box is necessary.Note: Horizontal installation requires the water levelelectrode to be placed above the pump to ensure thedry-running protection.The overload protection prevents burnout of the motor.Consequently, no extra motor protection is required.A permanent-magnet motor gives off very little heat toits surroundings. In combination with an efficientinternal circulation system leading the heat away fromthe rotor, stator and bearings, this fact ensuresoptimum operating conditions for the motor.As an extra protection, the electronic unit has abuilt-in temperature sensor. When the temperaturerises above 185 F (85 C), the motor is automaticallycut out. When the temperature has dropped to165 F (73 C), the motor is automatically cut in again.Not allowedFig. 6TM02 2246 3901AllowedOvertemperature protectionInstallation of SQF pumpsMaximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)The built-in electronic unit gives the SQFlex system anumber of advantages compared to conventionalproducts. One of these advantages is the built-inmicroprocessor with MPPT (MPPT Maximum PowerPoint Tracking).Wide voltage rangeThe wide voltage range enables the motor to operateat any voltage from 30-300 VDC or 90-240 VAC. Thismakes installation and sizing especially easy.6TM02 2435 3901Thanks to the MPPT-function, the pump duty point iscontinuously optimized according to the input poweravailable. MPPT is only available for pumps connectedto DC supply.12-24 in. (.3 to .6 m)Fig. 7Horizontal installationEase of serviceThe modular pump and motor design facilitatesinstallation and service. The cable and the end coverwith socket are fitted to the pump with screws whichenable replacement.
1SQFlexH[m]H[ft]SQFlex Solar650180Product dataPerformance range600550E 1400 Wp160500D 800 Wp140450C 400 Wp120400B 200 WpA 100 00 Q70H[ft][US GPD]Q [m³/day]TM02 2433 431120SQFlex Wind750220700200650180600D 18 mphC 15 mph550160B 13 mph500140450120400A 11 02080003010000401200014000501600060180007020000 Q[US GPD]Q [m³/day]TM02 2434 431110020Note: The curves must not be used as guarantee curves.7
1SQFlexProduct dataSystem overviewThe SQFlex system can be used in a number of combinations as shown in the table below.Systemconsists of the following componentsPumpSolarpanels WindturbineGenerator/battery/power supplyChargecontrollerSwitch box orbreaker boxControlunitAdditionalextrasCU 200( )SQFlex SolarSee page 14.IO 50SQFlex Solar- with CU 200 and levelswitchSee page 15.IO 50SQFlex Solar- with back-up generatorSee page 16.IO 101Pressure PressuretankswitchSQFlex Solar- with back-up batteriesSee page 17.IO 50 orIO 101( )CU 200SQFlex WindSee page 18.IO 102SQFlex Wind- with CU 200 and levelswitchSee page 19.IO 102CU 200( )CU 200( )SQFlex Combo- combination of solar andwind energySee page 20.IO 102SQFlex Combo- with CU 200 and levelswitchSee page 21.IO 102SQFlex system- with generator as powersupplySee page 22.IO 101 For number of solar modules required, please consult the sizing tool in Grundfos WinCAPS/WebCAPS. Optional.8
1SQFlexProduct dataIdentificationType key for helical rotor pumpsExample6 SQF -2Rated flow at 3000 rpm [gpm]Type rangeNumber of stagesType key for centrifugal pumpsExample25 SQF -3Rated flow of corresponding SP pump [gpm]Type rangeNumber of stages9
2SQFlexConstruction2. ConstructionMaterial specification,helical rotor pumpSQFPos. eStainless steelNBRPolyamideNBRStainless steelStainless spring steelStainless steel/EPDMStainless steelStainless steelStainless spring steelStainless steelPolyamidePolyamideStainless steelStainless steelAISI304304310304304316316 LN304304316TM02 2213 0207Valve casingDischarge chamberO-ringValve cupValve seatFlange, upperCirclipPump statorPump rotorTorsion shaftValve springOuter sleeveValve guideSand shieldCable guardScrews for cable guardFig. 810Example: 6 SQF-2
2SQFlexConstructionMaterial specification,centrifugal pumpSQFPos. 2424a24b2585Stainless steelStainless steelNBRNBR/PPSNBRStainless steelStainless steelStainless steelStainless steelStainless steelStainless steelStainless steelStainless steelStainless steelStainless steelStainless steelStainless steelStainless steelStainless steelStainless steelNBRStainless steelCarbon/graphite PTFEStainless 19a24b14a24a2418cFig. 9TM02 2439 4301Valve casingChamber, topTop bearingNeck ringBearingChamber, completeNut for split coneSplit coneImpellerInlet partConnecting piece, complete (MSF 3 adapter)StrainerShaft, cylindricalStrapCable guard, pumpCable guard, motorNut for strapNutCoupling with nutSupporting ringSpline protectorRetainer for neck ring, completeStop ring (only 25 SQF and 60 SQF)Screws for cable guardExample: 60 SQF-311
2SQFlexConstructionMaterial specification,motorMSF 2a223224225232243Stator with sleeve, completeRotorStop ringShaft endThrust bearing, stationaryBearing plate with radial bearingThrust bearing, rotatingMotor cable with plugFilling plugElectronic unitO-ringTop coverShaft sealThrust-bearing housingFour screws (M4)Stainless steelStainless steelPPStainless steelStainless steel/carbonSilicon carbideStainless steel/aluminium oxide Al2O3AISI304304316316304316NBR316316TM02 2215 1806NBRNBRNBRStainless steelStainless steelFig. 10 MSF 312
3SQFlexSelection3. SelectionSizing of SQFlex systemGrundfos has developed a PC-based sizing toolenabling the sizing of SQFlex systems.The sizing tool is integrated in Grundfos WinCAPS andcovers both solar- and wind-powered systems. VisitGrundfos.com to use WebCAPS, our online version ofWinCAPS.The following three parameters must be known for thesizing of the optimum SQFlex system: installation location maximum head required quantity of water required.With a view to the sizing of a correct solar-poweredSQFlex system, the world has been divided into sixregions: North America South America Australia/New Zealand Asia/Pacific Southern Africa Europe/Middle East/Northern Africa.Each region is divided into a number of zonesaccording to the solar radiation in kWh/m2 per day.Voltage effect on pump efficiencyThe pump efficiency can vary quite a bit depending oninput voltage. This chart shows the dropoff in efficiencyas the voltage gets lower. For example, if you have twosystems with the exact same wattage rating, butSystem A is running at 120V and System B is runningat 35V, System A will produce 20 % more water thanSystem B.SQ Flex optimal efficiencyPanel output voltage(% loss in gallons/day)120V - 300V-0%90V-5%60V- 10 %35V- 20 %13
3SQFlexSelectionApplication examplesSQFlex SolarThe protective circuit incorporated in the motorelectronic unit cuts out the pump in case of dry runningor similar situations.The SQFlex Solar system is the simplest of the rangeof SQFlex systems.By using the IO 50, the power supply to the pump canbe closed manually, for example whenBenefits Easy to install Maintenance confined to periodic cleaning ofthe solar panels Few and simple components. there is no need for water supply the system requires service.123456712127SQF pumpSubmersible drop cableCable clipsStraining wireWire clampSolar panelsSupport structureIO 50 SQFlex switch boxNote: For the number of solar modules required,please consult the sizing tool in Grundfos WinCAPS.623451Fig. 11 SQFlex Solar145
3SQFlexThe CU 200 offers indication of- with CU 200 and level switchThe SQFlex Solar system allows solar energy to bestored as water in a reservoir. full water reservoir (level switch activated) pump operation input power.SQFlex Solar water supply systems with a waterreservoir are used whereThe CU 200 indicates operational stoppage in case of dry running service (see page 35) insufficient energy supply. there is a need for water supply at night for short periods, the solar energy is insufficient torun the pump there is a need for a back-up water source.In addition, the system features easy installation maintenance confined to periodic cleaning ofthe solar panels.BenefitsCombined with the CU 200, the level switch acts as apump cut-out function when the water reservoir is full.14151176SelectionSQFlex Solar1234567111415SQF pumpSubmersible drop cableCable clipsStraining wireWire clampSolar panelsSupport structureCU 200 SQFlex control unitWater reservoirLevel switchNote: For the number of solar modules required,please consult the sizing tool in Grundfos WinCAPS.52345TM02 2305 41011Fig. 12 SQFlex Solar with CU 200 and level switch15
3SQFlexSelectionSQFlex Solar- with back-up generatorDuring periods of limited solar energy, the SQFlexSolar water supply system provides reliable watersupply. The system is connected to an externalback-up generator via the IO 101.The system switches automatically to operation via generator when– the energy supply from the solar panelsis insufficient via solar panels when– the generator is stopped manually or– the generator runs out of fuel.BenefitsThe system offers water supply during the night orduring periods of insufficient solar energy.Other benefits of the system include easy to install maintenance confined to periodic cleaning ofthe solar panels few and simple components flexible in terms of energy supply.1234567101313SQF pumpSubmersible drop cableCable clipsStraining wireWire clampSolar panelsSupport structureDiesel or gasoline driven generatorIO 101 SQFlex switch box1076Note: For the number of solar modules required,please consult the sizing tool in Grundfos WinCAPS.52345TM02 2309 41011Fig. 13 SQFlex Solar with back-up generator16
3SQFlexSQFlex Solar- with back-up batteriesDuring periods of limited solar energy, the SQFlexSolar system provides reliable water supply.The supply of water is ensured by back-up batteriesconnected to the system via the charge controller.BenefitsThe system offers water supply during the night orduring periods of insufficient solar energy.The system is connected as shown in fig. 14. Power will be provided by the solar panels wired toproduce 48-110 VDC (rated). Power from the solar panels will feed into a 48 VDCcharge controller, which will regulate the current fedto the batteries. From the charge controller, power passes into thebattery bank, which consists of the number ofappropriately sized batteries, wired in series toachieve 48 VDC (rated) output.Other benefits of the system include easy installationa minimum of maintenancefew and simple componentsflexibility in terms of energy supply.161234567111261719712kWattSelection Power is drawn from the battery bank and routedthrough a CU 200.Option: An IO 50 or IO 101 is to be installed toenable disconnection of the DC voltage.If an IO 101 is installed, it is possible to add agenerator to the system. Power is run from the CU 200 to the SQFlex pump.111816171819SQF pumpSubmersible drop cableCable clipsStraining wireWire clampSolar panelsSupport structureCU 200 SQFlex control unitIO 101 SQFlex switch box(optional)Charge controllerBatteriesPressure switchPressure tank543Note: For the number of solar modules required,please consult the sizing tool in GrundfosWinCAPS.2TM03 4232 19061Fig. 14 SQFlex Solar with back-up batteries17
3SQFlexSelectionSQFlex WindProper siting for wind turbinesFor proper wind siting you must locate your Whisperwind turbine 20 ft (6 m) above any surrounding objectwithin a 250 ft (76 m) (radius as shown in fig. 16.The SQFlex Wind system is based on wind energy asthe only energy source for pump operation.The system is suitable for installation in areas wherethe wind is almost constant seen over a period of time.As the turbine noise level increases with the windspeed, installation of the wind turbine near a residenceis not recommended.20 ftThe IO 102 makes it possible to slow down the windturbine when there is no need for water supply the system requires service.250 ftBenefits Easy to install A minimum of maintenance Few and simple componentsFig. 16 Proper wind turbine sitingWind turbine performance curves9SQF pumpSubmersible drop cableCable clipsStraining wireWire clampWind turbine — Whisper 200IO 102 SQFlex breaker box1000Whisper 200Power Output 3013.53540 mph15.8 18.0 m/sInstantaneous Wind Speed2Monthly Energy Output (kWh)345TM02 2306 41011Fig. 15 SQ FlexWind18400300Whisper 20020010004681.82.73.6104.5125.4146.37.2Annual Average Wind Speed16mph8.0 m/s
3SQFlexThe CU 200 offers indication of- with CU 200 and level switchThe SQFlex Wind system allows wind energy to bestored as water in a reservoir. full water reservoir (level switch activated) pump operation input power.SQFlex Wind water supply systems with a waterreservoir are used whereThe CU 200 indicates operational stoppage in case of for short periods, the wind energy is insufficient torun the pump there is a need for a back-up water source.As the turbine noise level increases with the windspeed, installation of the wind turbine near a residenceis not recommended.BenefitsCombined with the CU 200, the level switch acts as apump cut-out function when the water reservoir is full.8141511SelectionSQFlex Wind dry running service (see page 35) insufficient energy supply.The IO 102 makes it possible to switch off the powersupply in the system and to slow down or stop the windturbine when there is no need for water supply the system requires service.Other benefits of the system include easy installation a minimum of maintenance.1234589111415SQF pumpSubmersible drop cableCable clipsStraining wireWire clampWind turbineIO 102 SQFlex breaker boxCU 200 SQFlex control unitWater reservoirLevel switch952345TM02 2308 41011Fig. 17 SQFlex Wind with CU 200 and level switch19
3SQFlexSelectionSQFlex Combo- combination of solar and wind energyThe SQFlex Combo water supply system is ideal inareas where the solar and/or wind energy is sufficientto run the pump.The energy supply to the pump is a combination ofsolar and wind energy.As the turbine noise level increases with the windspeed, installation of the wind turbine near a residenceis not recommended.BenefitsThe system offers water supply during the night orduring periods of insufficient solar energy.Other benefits of the system include easy to install maintenance confined to periodic cleaning ofthe solar panels few and simple components.The IO 102 makes it possible to switch off the powersupply in the system and to slow down or stop the windturbine when there is no need for water supply the system requires service.912345678968SQF pumpSubmersible drop cableCable clipsStraining wireWire clampSolar panelsSupport structureWind turbineIO 102 SQFlex breaker box7Note: For the number of solar modules required,please consult the sizing tool in Grundfos WinCAPS.52345TM02 2307 41011Fig. 18 SQFlex Combo – combination of solar and wind energy20
3SQFlexThe CU 200 offers indication of- with CU 200 and level switchThe SQFlex Combo system allows solar and windenergy to be stored as water in a reservoir. full water reservoir (level switch activated) pump operation input power.SQFlex Combo water supply systems with a waterreservoir are used whereThe CU 200 indicates operational stoppage in case of dry running service (see page 35) insufficient energy supply. for short periods, the solar or wind energy isinsufficient to run the pump there is a need for a back-up water source.As the turbine noise level increases with the windspeed, installation of the wind turbine near a residenceis not recommended.BenefitsCombined with the CU 200, the level switch acts as apump cut-out function when the water reservoir is full.81479The IO 102 makes it possible to switch off the powersupply in the system and to slow down or stop the windturbine when there is no need for water supply the system requires service.Other benefits of the system include easy installation a minimum of maintenance.156SelectionSQFlex Combo123456789111415SQF pumpSubmersible drop cableCable clipsStraining wireWire clampSolar panelsSupport structureWind turbineIO 102 SQFlex breaker boxCU 200 SQFlex control unitWater reservoirLevel switchNote: For the number of solar modules required,please consult the sizing tool in Grundfos WinCAPS.1152345TM02 2310 41011Fig. 19 SQFlex Combi with CU 200 and level switch21
3SQFlexSelectionSQFlex systemBenefitsThe system offers water supply 24 hours a day,independently of the weather.- with generator as power supplyThe SQFlex water supply system is connected toa diesel or gasoline driven generator.Other benefits of the system include easy installation a minimum of maintenance required few and simple components.The generator must be running steadily before thepump is cut in.123451010SQF pumpSubmersible drop cableCable clipsStraining wireWire clampDiesel or gasoline driven generator52345TM02 2311 41011Fig. 20 SQFlex system with generator as power supply.22
4SQFlexSolar panel wiring4. Solar panel wiringMethods of solar panel wiringSolar panels can be connected in one of threemethods:1. Series wiring2. Parallel wiring3. Series/parallel wiring (a combination of the two)The Grundfos SQFlex pump is most efficient atvoltages of 120V and above, up to a max of 300V. Tomaximize pump performance connect panels to obtainat least 120V.Series wiringAll solar panels have a negative (-) and a positive ( )terminal.When wiring panels in series, voltages add andamperage stays the same.To wire panels in series connect the positive terminalof one panel to the negative terminal of the next panel.Fig. 22 Solar panel wiring in parallelPanel voltage remains the same, so if the panels infig. 22 produce 70V each, then the total output will be70V.Panel amperage adds in parallel, so if the panels infig. 22 are rated at 1.43A, then the total current will be:1.43 1.43 1.43 1.43 5.72APanel wattage always adds, so if each panel is rated at100W the total wattage (Watts Volts x Amps) outputwill be:100 100 100 100 400WSeries/parallel circuitsA series/parallel circuit is simply two or more seriescircuits that are wired together in parallel.Fig. 21 Solar panel wiring in seriesPanel voltages add in series, so if the panels in fig. 21are rated at 70V (GF100), then the total voltage will be:70 70 70 70 280VPanel amperage remains the same, so if each panelproduces 1.43 amps, then the total current will be 1.43amps.Panel wattage always adds, so if each panel is rated at100W the total wattage (Watts Volts x Amps) outputwill be:Fig. 23 Solar panel wiring in series/parallel circuit100 100 100 100 400WParallel wiringWhen wiring panels in parallel, results are the oppositeof series wiring, that is, amperages add and voltagestays the same.To wire panels in parallel, connect the positive terminalof each panel to the positive terminal of the otherpanels and negative terminal of each panel to thenegative terminal of the other panels.In fig. 23 two separate pairs of panels have been wiredin series and each of these series pairs have beenwired together in parallel.To determine the total voltage and amp output of thisarray, consider first each pair of panels wired in series.Think of each pair as a single panel. Each panel has arating of 70V, 1.43A and 100W. Remember that inseries, voltage adds, while amperage remains thesame. Pair #1 provides 70 70 140V and 1.43A.Pair #2 provides the same (continued on next page).23
4SQFlexSolar panel wiringNow add the two pairs in parallel. Remember inparallel, voltage remains the same and amperageadds. Each pair produces 140V, so total voltage 140V. Each pair produces 1.43A, so total amperageis 1.43 1.43 2.86A. Watts always add, so100W x 4 400W.Cable sizing chartSince the SQFlex motor operates at peak efficiencywith 120V or greater applied, we strongly recommendconfiguring panels to achieve 120V or greater.Lower voltages result in greater losses in the dropcable, and it is important to the customer to makeefficient use of every watt generated. Additionally,significant savings in drop cable costs can be realizedby configuring for higher s:Max. cable l
used in solar-powered SQFl ex systems with a back-up generator. IO 102 SQFlex breaker box The IO 102 is an on/off breaker box designed for opening and closing the system power supply and is used in wind-powered SQFlex systems or wind- and solar-powered SQFlex systems. The IO 102 makes it p
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Introduction 3 1. Introduction The Grundfos PC Tool E-products enables end-users and service technicians to maintain and service Grundfos E-motors, E-pumps and controllers. The PC Tool E-products communicates with GENIbus products from a PC running Microsoft Windows. GENIbus is short for: Grundfos Electronics Network Intercommunication bus. The PC Tool E-products enables you to
