NYS Wildflower Identification Guide

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NYS WILDFLOWER IDENTIFICATION GUIDE!1. Actaea pachypodawhite baneberry, doll’s-eyes2. Actaea rubrared baneberry3. Allium tricoccumwild leekSeed Collection: Aug–Sept, when fruit turnwhiteSeed Collection: Aug–Sept, when fruit turnred!Seed Collection: Sept, when fruit is darkpurple and capsules are dry and paperyNote: The flowers look like those of redbaneberry. They are very difficult to tell apartbefore they fruit.Note: The flower stalk shoots up after theleaves die.!4. Aralia nudicauliswild sarsaparilla5. Asarum canadensewild gingerSeed Collection: Aug–Sept, when fruit turnsdark purpleSeed Collection: early–mid June, when seedsturn reddish brownPhotos courtesy of Michael Hough (#1–4, 13, 14, 16–21, 24, 26, 29)5. Asarum canadensewild ginger 1

NYS WILDFLOWER IDENTIFICATION GUIDE!6. Cardamine concatenatacut-leaf toothwort6. Cardamine concatenatacut-leaf toothwort (seedling)Seed Collection: June, check swollen seedpodsSeed Collection: June, check swollen seedpods8. Caulophyllum thalictroidesblue cohosh (flowering: late April)Seed Collection: Aug–Sept, when fruit turnblue7. Cardamine (Dentaria) diphyllatwo-leaf toothwort8. Caulophyllum thalictroidesblue cohosh (beginning to fruit:mid May)Photos courtesy of Michael Hough (#1–4, 13, 14, 16–21, 24, 26, 29)8. Caulophyllum thalictroidesblue cohosh (seedling) 2

NYS WILDFLOWER IDENTIFICATION GUIDE!9. Claytonia carolinianaspring beauty9. Claytonia carolinianaspring beautySeed Collection: June, when fruit turn darkpurple10. Dicentra canadensissquirrel cornSeed Collection: June, when seed pods areswollenNote: Difficult to tell apart from Dutchman’sbreeches if flowers are not present. Has aroot that resembles a yellow corn kernel.11. Dicentra cucullariaDutchman’s breeches11. Dicentra cucullariaDutchman’s breeches (seedling)Seed Collection: June, when seed pods areswollenNote: has a pink root clusterPhotos courtesy of Michael Hough (#1–4, 13, 14, 16–21, 24, 26, 29)12. Erythronium americanumtrout lilySeed Collection: June, look for a swollenpod, often difficult to come by 3

NYS WILDFLOWER IDENTIFICATION GUIDE 4!12. Erythronium americanumtrout lily (fruiting)13. Eurybia divaricatawhite wood aster14. Gaultheria procumbensteaberrySeed Collection: Nov, fruit are dry, brown,and have stiff, bristly hairsSeed Collection: Aug15. Hepatica acutilobaliverleaf16. Hydrophyllum canadenseCanada waterleafSeed Collection: Late May, when green fruitpull away from stemSeed Collection: Aug, when fruit begins toyellowPhotos courtesy of Michael Hough (#1–4, 13, 14, 16–21, 24, 26, 29)Note: berries often last through winter andearly Spring. Collect the new berries in Aug.16. Hydrophyllum canadenseCanada waterleaf

NYS WILDFLOWER IDENTIFICATION GUIDE!17. Hydrophyllum virginianumVirginia waterleaf17. Hydrophyllum virginianumVirginia waterleafSeed Collection: Aug, when fruit begins toyellow18. Maianthemum racemosafalse Solomon’s sealSeed Collection: Sept, when fruit turns redNote: False Solomon’s seal has a cluster offruits and more pronounced leaf veins andmore drawn out leaf ends than Solomon’sseal.19. Medeola virginianaIndian cucumber root20. Osmorhiza claytonisweet Cicely21. Panax trifoliumdwarf ginsengSeed Collection: Sept, when fruit turn darkpurpleSeed Collection: summer–fall, when the smallslender seeds darkenSeed Collection: Aug, when fruit yellowsPhotos courtesy of Michael Hough (#1–4, 13, 14, 16–21, 24, 26, 29) 5

NYS WILDFLOWER IDENTIFICATION GUIDE!22. Polygonatum pubescensSolomon’s seal23. Sanguinaria canadensisbloodrootSeed Collection: Sept, when fruit turns blueblackSeed Collection: June, when fruit turnsbrown23. Sanguinaria canadensisbloodroot (seedling)Note: Flowers and fruit dangle, evenly spacedalong the stem, unlike False Solomon’s seal24. Streptopus roseusrose twisted stalk24. Streptopus roseusrose twisted stalkSeed Collection: Aug, when fruit turns redPhotos courtesy of Michael Hough (#1–4, 13, 14, 16–21, 24, 26, 29)25. Tiarella cordifoliafoamflowerSeed Collection: June-July, when capsulesturn light brown and papery 6

NYS WILDFLOWER IDENTIFICATION GUIDE 7!26. Trientalis borealisstarflower27. Trillium erectumred trilliumSeed Collection: July, when fruit turns blueSeed Collection: July, when capsules turn red28. Trillium grandiflorumwhite trillium28. Trillium grandiflorumwhite trillium (seedling)Seed Collection: July, when capsules turn red!Photos courtesy of Michael Hough (#1–4, 13, 14, 16–21, 24, 26, 29)27. Trillium erectumred trillium (seedling)29. Uvularia grandifloralarge-flowered bellwortSeed Collection: July, when capsules yellowslightly, and seeds turn from white to tan!Note: Unlike rose-twisted stalk and theSolomon’s seals, the stem punctures the leafinward from the edge of the leaf.

NYS WILDFLOWER IDENTIFICATION GUIDEWATCH OUT FOR THESE LOOK-ALIKES AND PLANTS TO AVOIDPoison Ivy (do not touch!)This is NOT two-leaf toothwort. Two of thethree leaves are asymmetrical. Can be redwhen young.Beech Tree SeedlingWood Nettle and Stinging Nettle (do nottouch!)Jack in the PulpitThis is NOT trillium. The three leaves are notequally spaced as they are in the trillium.Photos courtesy of Michael Hough (#1–4, 13, 14, 16–21, 24, 26, 29)Sugar Maple SeedlingThese are very common. 8

blue cohosh (seedling) NYS WILDFLOWER IDENTIFICATION GUIDE! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! "3! Photos courtesy of Michael Hough (#1–4, 13, 14, 16–21, 24, 26, 29) 9. Claytonia caroliniana spring beauty Seed Collection: June, when fruit turn dark purple 9. Claytonia caroliniana spring beauty 10.

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