Women In Peacebuilding - EMU
OàWomen inPeacebuildingResource and Training ManualWomen in Peacebuilding Resource & Training Manual1
Lisa Schirch; West African Network for Peacebuilding and Conflict TransformationProgram at Eastern Mennonite University2004CreditsMaterial for this manual was borrowed from and developed by many people. Everyeffort has been made to give credit to the people who wrote each session, madeadditions or suggestions to the sessions, or where material has been borrowed fromother training manuals. In particular, the following sources and people were used inthis manual: Chrysalis Women in Leadership Training Manual for Pioneering Womenwritten by Maggie Range with Phoebe Omondi published by WinrockInternational in USA.Oxfam Gender Training Manual written by Suzanne Williams with Janet Seed& Adelina Mwau, United Kingdom.Working With Conflict: Skills and Strategies for Action by Simon Fisher, et al.United Kingdom.Human Security Network’s Manual on Human e Manual for Gender Trainers, Zimbabwe Women’s Resource Centreand NetworkTranscreating Women: A Training Manual, World Health Organization,Philippines.Mediation and Facilitation Training Manual published by MennoniteConciliation Service.Training Module on Women’s Traditional Conflict Resolution and MediatingPractices by Christiana Thorpe. FAWE Sierra-Leone.WANEP Women in Peacebuilding Network Training Manual by ThelmaEkiyor, draft 2002.Workshop Kit: Women and a Culture of Peace. Women PeacemakersProgram. International Fellowship of Reconciliation, The Netherlands.October 2000.Women in Peacebuilding Resource & Training Manual2
Table of ContentsPrefaceFrom the EditorUses for the ManualWhy should there be a Workshop specifically for Women?Goals for a Workshop using this manualChapter and Session Guide1. Introduction to Gender and PeacebuildingSession 1Affirming Ourselves as WomenSession 2Peacebuilding OverviewSession 3Affirming Our Work, Visioning Our FutureSession 4Understanding Gender2. Women’s Roles in PeacebuildingSession 5Gender Roles and PeacebuildingSession 6Why Involve Women in Peacebuilding?Session 7Empowering Women in PeacebuildingSession 8Women’s Rights as Human Rights3. Gender Analysis of Conflict and ViolenceSession 9Understanding Conflict and ViolenceSession 10 Causes of Conflict and ViolenceSession 11 Mapping Conflict and ViolenceSession 12 Dynamics of Conflict and ViolenceSession 13 Women’s Experience of ViolenceSession 14 Understanding Domestic ViolenceSession 15 Men, Masculinity, and Violence4. Skills for Women in PeacebuildingSession 16 Personal Reflection and Conflict StylesSession 17 Women and Communication SkillsSession 18 Women and Dialogue SkillsSession 19 Women and Negotiation SkillsSession 20 Women and Mediation Skills5. Special Skills and Topics for Women in PeacebuildingSession 21 Women’s Advocacy and ActivismSession 22 Women’s Early Warning and ResponseSession 23 Women and PeacekeepingSession 24 Women and Trauma HealingWomen in Peacebuilding Resource & Training Manual3
Session 25Session 26Session 27Session 28Session 29Session 30Counseling Victims of Domestic ViolenceCreating a Women’s Agenda for Formal Peace TalksUsing Ritual and Art in PeacebuildingWomen and ReligionMen as Partners in Women’s EmpowermentWomen Working with Women in Peacebuilding6. The Way ForwardSession 31: Women and LeadershipSession 32 Creating Action Plans7. Training and Facilitating a Peacebuilding Workshop for WomenPart A:Organizing a Peacebuilding Workshop for WomenPart B:Designing a Training for WomenPart C:Facilitation and Training Skills for WomenPart D:Opening Session for a Workshop or TrainingAppendix 1:Appendix 2:Appendix 3:Appendix 4:EvaluationsA Dialogue on Gender for PeacebuildersGender Analysis in Peacebuilding OrganizationsResourcesWomen in Peacebuilding Resource & Training Manual4
Preface“In war torn societies, women often keep societies going We must ensure thatwomen are enabled to play a full part in peace negotiations, in peace processes, inpeace missions.”-Kofi Annan, United Nations Secretary GeneralWhile few women around the world know that the U.N. Secretary Generaladvocates on their behalf, the growing surge in interest and programs forwomen in peacebuilding is reaching the far corners of the Earth, into thelargest slums of Africa, the most remote villages in Asia, and into the politicaldiscussions in Washington, D.C. and London.The fields of development and health began using workshops to empower women inthe last two decades. In the last few years, dozens of training programs for womenin peacebuilding have also begun. This training manual is a resource for all trainers,women’s organizations, peacebuilding organizations, and others who want to build thecapacity of women for peacebuilding. It pulls together the most advanced theories andskills of peacebuilding with an interactive and experiential based pedagogy.Research shows that girls develop more leadership skills in girl’s schools thanin schools where girls and boys are mixed together. When men are present,it is often difficult for women to take leadership roles either because menmay exclude them or they may choose to remain silent. Some discussion topics aresensitive for women and would be better delivered and facilitated by a female.“Women only” workshops give women the space to talk about difficult subjects, tofind their own voices as women, and to practice taking leadership roles.Men and women must be partners in peacebuilding. While it may be important forwomen to have workshops or other spaces and places where they can meet alone,ultimately women and men must live and work together. A women’s workshop is simplya place for empowerment to begin.This manual is based on interactive, experiential learning. Research shows thatmen and women have different styles of communication and learn in differentways. Participatory learning allows women to share their experiences with eachother. Women are more comfortable opening up to other women.Women in Peacebuilding Resource & Training Manual5
From the EditorIn May 2001, I began teaching a course on Women and Peacebuilding at the SummerPeacebuilding Institute at Eastern Mennonite University. The class was made up ofwomen from around the world who were involved in some way or another with programsthat helped empower women. Many of the women in the class, including my co-teacherKarimi Kinoti, came from Africa. African women are cited in many peacebuilding booksfor their innovative interventions into conflict.Earlier in 2001, I had a phone conversation with Directors of the West African Networkfor Peacebuilding (WANEP), Sam Doe and Emmanuel Bombande, in Accra, Ghana anddiscussions with the Nairobi Peace Initiative, PeaceNet, and Fellowship of ChristianCouncil of Churches in the Great Lakes Region and the Horn of Africa (FECCLAHA) inNairobi, Kenya about whether they would be interested in working with me to develop atraining manual on women and peacebuilding. In 2002, I received a Fulbright Fellowshipfor a year’s worth of research and training with women in East and West Africa from theU.S. State Department Fulbright Scholars program and I move my husband anddaughter to Ghana to conduct the research and writing of this manual.The material in this training manual comes from a number of different sources:1. Thelma Ekiyor, the Coordinator for the Women in Peacebuilding network(WIPNet) at the West African Network for Peacebuilding, developed a trainingmanual for her work in the West African region. As part of my research forthis manual, I participated as a trainer in several of her WIPNet trainings forwomen in West Africa.2. As part of my research, I gathered training manuals from other groups doinggender training. Women’s groups around the world have developed their ownmanuals to work at gender issues in their region. With the goal of creating amanual that could help women in one region of the world learn from and gaininspiration from women in other areas, the manual attempts to reflect a globalrather than a Western or African understanding of women in peacebuilding.3. I spent four months in Kenya in early 2003 working with a wide variety ofwomen’s groups and peacebuilding organizations that had worked withwomen. I learned from the experience of John Kitunga, Florence Mpayeii ofthe Nairobi Peace Initiative-Africa who had conducted trainings for womenrepresentatives to attend the formal peace talks for the Sudan, Somalia andthe Democratic Republic of Congo. I also worked with Tecla Wanjala ofPeaceNet, Karimi Kinoti of FECCLAHA, and Berewa Jommo of the AfricanCommunity Education Network and the Women’s Peace Forum.Women in Peacebuilding Resource & Training Manual6
4. This manual also includes the training materials that I developed over the lastseveral years as part of my own practice as a peacebuilding facilitator,mediator, and trainer in various parts of the world. I’ve included case studiesfrom my work with women in various parts of the world.5. Finally, the students who took the training course on Women in Peacebuildingat the Summer Peacebuilding Institute at Eastern Mennonite University havecontributed in innumerable ways to this manual. Some of their writings,diagrams, and exercises are found through out this manual.Because the training materials are drawn from so many diverse sources, eachsession concludes with a box listing who contributed to the session. My hope is thatthe manual receives continuous revision and additions as more people add theirideas and suggestions. I hope that people will contact me at schirchl@emu.edu toadd their new ideas for sessions and training activities so that this book can be aresource freely available and adaptable to groups around the world who hope tobuild the capacity of women.Lisa SchirchAssociate Professor of PeacebuildingCenter for Justice and PeacebuildingEastern Mennonite University1200 Park RoadHarrisonburg, Virginia 22802Phone: 540-432-4497Fax: 540-432-4449Email: schirchl@emu.eduWomen in Peacebuilding Resource & Training Manual7
Uses for the ManualThe manual is not the same as other peacebuilding manuals. It covers traditionalpeacebuilding topics with a specific focus throughout on how being female impactspeacebuilding. The manual was designed for women who want to help themselvesor other women become more involved in peacebuilding. The exercises and contentare written both for beginners and community-level women as well as moreadvanced peacebuilding trainers.The information presented in this manual is designed to fulfill three functions. It canbe used as;1. a guide for trainers conducting Women in Peacebuilding workshops,2. a participants’ handbook for women attending Women in PeacebuildingWorkshops, and3. a reference book for those interested in learning about the issues surroundingwomen in peacebuilding.Guide for TrainersIf you have decided to lead a workshop from the Women in PeacebuildingTraining manual, first read through the section on training and facilitating apeacebuilding workshop for women. Conduct an assessment of the needs of thegroup you are working with by informally interviewing five or six of them or sendingall of them a questionnaire about their needs. Or work with a group of the potentialparticipants to determine which sessions are most useful for your participants.Participants' HandbookAs a participant in a Women in Peacebuilding Workshop, this manual will provideyou with materials for each activity, including handouts, background reading, andactivity guidelines.Also, as a participant, consider flipping through the entire manual to familiarizeyourself with other issues that face women in peacebuilding. If topics presented inother sessions seem relevant for your community or are interesting, talk to thefacilitator about possible future trainings or consider leading a workshop for thatsession yourself.Reference BookEach session of the manual has a section labeled "Content." This material isintended to provide basic information on a topic. This information can be used as asimple reference on the subject presented.Women in Peacebuilding Resource & Training Manual8
Why should there be a training manualspecifically for women inpeacebuilding?zBecause women are half of every community and the tasks of peacebuilding areso great, women and men must be partners in the process of peacebuilding.zBecause women are the central caretakers of families in many cultures, everyonesuffers when women are oppressed, victimized, and excluded from peacebuilding.Their centrality to communal life makes their inclusion in peacebuilding essential.zBecause women have the capacity for both violence and peace, women must beencouraged to use their gifts in building peace.zBecause women are excluded from public decision-making, leadership, andeducational opportunities in many communities around the world, it is important tocreate special programs to empower women to use their gifts in the tasks ofbuilding peace.zBecause women and men have different experiences of violence and peace,women must be allowed and encouraged to bring their unique insights and gifts tothe process of peacebuilding.zBecause sexism, racism, classism, ethnic and religious discrimination originatefrom the same set of beliefs that some people are inherently “better” than others,women’s empowerment should be seen as inherent to the process of buildingpeace. Like other social structures that set up some people as superior to others,the sexist belief that women’s lives are less valuable than men’s lives leads toviolence against women. When women engage in peacebuilding, they oftenchallenge these sexist beliefs along with other structures that discriminate againstpeople.zBecause the United Nation’s Security Council Resolution 1325 created a mandateto include women in peacebuilding and because women have proved all over theworld that they are successful peacebuilders, more women need to beencouraged to become involved in peacebuilding processes.Women in Peacebuilding Resource & Training Manual9
Goals for a workshopusing this manualzTo create a safe space for women to share their experiences of conflict andviolence and to jointly grieve for the victimization of women;zTo create a forum where women can learn from the experiences of other womenand develop relationships with each other;zTo identify the effect of gender roles and gender discrimination on peacebuilding;zTo recover in a community of women from the disease of low self-esteem thatprevents us from recognizing our ability to contribute to public life;zTo learn how women can be empowered to participate fully in peacebuilding;zTo learn and practice new skills in peacebuilding;zTo gain new knowledge of the causes and dynamics of conflict and violence;zTo identify how violence against women is related to other forms of violence;zTo empower women to overcome threats and obstacles that may interrupt orprevent their peacebuilding.Women in Peacebuilding Resource & Training Manual10
Chapter and Session GuideThere are seven key themes that create the structure of the manual. Eachtheme is introduced as a chapter. Each chapter contains a number ofdifferent sessions. Beginning trainers may want to simply facilitate adiscussion based on the key questions at the beginning of each chapter. Moreadvanced facilitators and trainers are encouraged to select the sessions mostappropriate to each particular context along with participants in the training.1. Introduction to Gender and Peacebuilding2. Women’s Roles in Peacebuilding3. Gender Analysis of Conflict and Violence4. Skills for Women in Peacebuilding5. Resources and Challenges for Women in Peacebuilding6. Designing a Strategic Plan for Women in Peacebuilding7. Training and Facilitating a Peacebuilding Workshop for WomenAppendix ResourcesEach chapter is broken down into three sections: Objectives: This section details what the participants should gain from eachsession. Content: This section gives background reading, diagrams, case studies, andgeneral information about the topic discussed in the session. Activities: This section gives ideas and suggestions for how to facilitate asession on the various topics in each session. Many sessions offer severalalternative activities. Trainers can choose which activity is most suitable.Women in Peacebuilding Resource & Training Manual11
Chapter1Introduction to Gender & Peacebuildingeacebuilding includes a set of values, relational skills, analytical tools andprocesses to create sustainable, just, and peaceful communities.Peacebuilding is found in every community and in every culture, but many ofour communities need help to explore and strengthen their capacity to build peace.Men and women in every community are already engaged in building peace, buttheir tasks are almost always different. Ideas about gender help determine the roleswomen and men play in peacebuilding. This chapter introduces the concepts ofgender and peacebuilding.PSession 1: Affirming Ourselves as Women helps participants reflect on theirown identity as woman.Session 2: Peacebuilding Overview explores traditional and new ideas forbuilding peace.Session 3: Affirming Our Work, Visioning Our Future gives participants a spacefor appreciating women’s current peacebuilding activities, creating theirfuture visions, and examining the gap between the two.Session 4: Understanding Gender explores the dynamic of gender.Basic Facilitation Questions:1. What does it mean to be a woman in my community?2. What is being done to build peace in my community?3. What do women need in times of violent conflict?4. How are women’s needs different from the needs of men and children?5. How are women building peace in your community?Women in Peacebuilding Resource & Training Manual12
Affirming Ourselves as WomenSession1Objectives To set the foundation for a Women in Peacebuilding training workshopTo encourage each woman to see herself as both a unique individual and asa woman who shares similar experiences with other womenTo challenge the thinking of participants about what it means to be womanContentWomen often do not have opportunities to appreciate their identity as women. Thissession provides a space for women begin to reflect about what it means to be a woman.Many women feel isolated in today’s societies. In traditional societies, women worktogether in the fields, in their homes, in the marketplace, etc. As women and menintegrate in the workplace, there are fewer places where women have theopportunity to talk with other women about what it means to be a woman. As aresult, women end up feeling like they are alone or that their experience is uniquewhen in reality, many other women may experience the same joys and burdens.Women in Peacebuilding Resource & Training Manual13
Activities1. Opening BrainstormIndividually, answer the following sentences:a. “For me, being a woman today is like ” Encourage participants to becreative in their answers. They can use a metaphor to describethemselves, such as “women are like rocks because ” Or they coulddraw a picture of what it is like to be a woman today.b. Choose another sentence about what it is like to be a woman in thespecific region of the training or for specific ethnic or religious groups ofwomen in the training. For example, in India, the group can complete thefollowing sentence: “Being an Indian woman is like ” or “Being a Muslimwoman is like ”As a group, discuss the differences between women from different parts of theworld, different religions, different ethnic groups, or different parts of the country.2. IntroductionsPrepare to introduce yourself to the others in the group. Write down an answer tothese questions and then share them with the group: “If your best friend wasintroducing you to a stranger, what would she say about you? What do you likebest about yourself? What are your greatest challenges?”3. Group Discussion about
Session 19 Women and Negotiation Skills Session 20 Women and Mediation Skills 5. Special Skills and Topics for Women in Peacebuilding . This training manual is a resource for all trainers, women’s organizations, peacebuilding organizations, and others who want to build the
1.4 Women’s Role in Decision-Making and Peacebuilding 17 1.5 Role of Women in Peacebuilding and Conflict Resolution20 2. METHODOLOGY 23 2.1 Study Limitations 23 3. FINDINGS 24 3.1 Types of Conflicts and Main Actors 24 3.2 Means for Conflict Resolution 26 3.3 Impact of Conflict on Women and Gender Roles 27 3.4 Impact of Conflict 28 TABLE OF .
42 wushu taolu changquan men women nanquan men women taijiquan men women taijijlan men women daoshu men gunshu men nangun men jianshu women qiangshu women nandao women sanda 52 kg women 56 kg men 60 kg men women 65 kg men 70 kg men 43 yatching s:x men women laser men laser radiall women 1470 men women 49er men 49er fxx women rs:one mixed
People-Centered Peacebuilding People-Centered Peacebuilding. Partnering to Build Peace In 2018, . development of indigenous peace-building processes in pastoralist Kenya. The Kenya Team is currently . provided me the opportunity t
The Catholic Peacebuilding Network (CPN) is a voluntary network of practitioners, academics, clergy and laity from around the world which seeks to enhance the study and practice of Catholic peacebuilding, especially at the local level. The CPN aims to deepen bonds of solidarity among Ca
APOLLO OPERATIONS HANDBOOK-EMU FOREvlORD This handbook, sections 4 and 5, of the Apollo Operations Handbook (AOH) series, is bound separately as Volume II and pertains only to the Extra vehicular Mobility Unit (EMU). Volume I of the AOH contains sections 1, 2, and 3, and pertains to the description of the EMU.
Eastern Mennonite University 1200 Park Road Harrisonburg, VA 22802-2462 Phone: 540-432-4000 Fax: 540-432-4444 Email: info@emu.edu Website: www.emu.edu The information in this Undergraduate Catalog applies to the academic year 2019-20. The university reserves the right to change programs of study, academic requirements, the announced university
1. This is the final evaluation of the project 'Strengthening the Role Of Women In Peacebuilding Through Natural Resources Management at the Community Level in the Rural Areas of the Governorates of Sana'a and Lahaj in Yemen' (UNJP/YEM/038/PBF). The project was funded by the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (PBF) with a total budget of
current trends and techniques in the fi eld of analytical chemistry. Written for undergraduate and postgraduate students of chemistry, this revised and updated edition treats each concept and principle systematically to make the subject comprehensible to beginners as well as advanced learners. FEATURES Updated nomenclature Addition of tests for metals based on fl ame atomic emission .
