Community Organizing Training Manual
CommunityOrganisingtrainingmanualCOMMUNITY ORGANIZING TRAINING MANUAL 1
COMMUNITY ORGANISING TRAINING MANUALCommunityOrganisingtraining manualIndigenous Learning Institute forCommunity Empowerment (ILI)Pacos Trust(Partners Of CommunityOrganisations)Asia Indigenous Peoples Pact (AIPP)
COMMUNITY ORGANISING TRAINING MANUALCOMMUNITY ORGANISING TRAINING MANUALProduced and PublishedFor theIndigenous Learning Institute for Community Empowerment (ILI)ByPartners Of Community Organisations(PACOS TRUST) andAsia Indigenous Peoples Pact (AIPP)With Support FromInternational Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (IWGIA)Danish Ministry of Foreign AffairsInter-Church Organisation for Development Cooperation (ICCO)PACOST TRUSTJalan Tambunan, Taman Flash Gordon,Penampang Sabah. Malaysia.Telephone Number: 6088 712518Fax Number: 6088 718669Email address: admin@pacostrust.orgWebsite: www.pacostrust.orgAsia Indigenous Peoples Pact (AIPP)108, Moo 5, Soi 6Tambon Sanpranate, Amphur SansaiChiang Mai – 50210, ThailandTelephone Number: 66 (0)53 380 168Fax Number: 66 (0)53 380752Email address: aippmail@aippnet.orgWebsite: www.aippnet.orgInternational Work Group for IndigenousAffairs (IWGIA)Classensgade 11EDK-2100 Copenhagen OTelephone Number: 45 35 270 500Fax Number: 45 35 270 506Email address: iwgia@iwgia.orgWebsite: www.iwgia.orgPrinted in AIPP, Chiangmai Thailand, April 2012ISBN:
COMMUNITY ORGANISING TRAINING MANUALFOREWORDThis manual is based on the experience of providing community organisingtraining in Cambodia, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Peninsular Malaysia forwhich PACOS Trust, a local organisation in Sabah, Malaysia provided theCOT Manual 2005 as a resource book for the training through the IndigenousCommunity Organising and Leadership Training (ICOLT) project of AsiaIndigenous Peoples Pact (AIPP) Foundation from 2006 to 2009.This manual is similar to the PACOS COT Manual 2005 which consists ofinput materials and the process involved in training community organizerswho are mainly indigenous youths with no previous exposure or training.The materials in the manual can also be used as general information forthose interested in learning to conduct community organising work andmust be complemented with other resource materials.The manual consists of six modules in three different parts. Each module isestimated to be completed within 1-3 months. The methods and activitydurations suggested in each module are only a guide and will need to beadjusted according to the training conditions, time, availability of materialsand the participants’ levels.Each module needs to be complemented with fieldwork and practical inorder for the participants to understand and apply the principles, conceptsand methods learnt during theory sessions. Some additional activities areprovided in this manual, for example, the land and the community mappingworkshops. Through these extra activities, participants will be able togenerate ideas on activities according to the needs of their own villages.With this manual, we hope the introduction to the process of communityorganising is more effective and that it enhances the readers’ interest inlearning community organising work.
COMMUNITY ORGANISING TRAINING MANUALAcknowledgementsWe would like to acknowledge the following whose contributions wereessential for the completion of this training manual: PACOS TRUST for the original training content and design on whichthis manual was based; and for writing, finalising, editing, and doingthe lay-out and design of this ILI training manual Indigenous peoples’ organizations in Asia, including ICSO, TUS, SPNSand AMANTORAYA, whose feedback and suggestions served to enrichthe training material Jannie, Jenifer and Anne Lasimbang, Irene Chong, Savinder Kaur Gill,Atina Gangmei and Helen Morgan for their contributions andconstructive comments on improving and finalising the content ofthe training manual. AIPP, IWGIA, CPA and PACOS who worked together from the start inthe conceptualisation, piloting and implementation of theIndigenous Community Organizing and Leadership Training (ICOLT)Project that has now evolved into the Indigenous Learning Institutefor Community Empowerment or ILI. IWGIA, Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Inter-ChurchOrganisation for Development Cooperation (ICCO) for their generousfinancial support for the development and publication of thetraining manual Photos are courtesy of PACOS TRUST photo collectionThe Indigenous Learning Institute for Community Empowerment (ILI) is acollaboration of several indigenous peoples’ organisations in Asia that aimsto build the capabilities of indigenous people’s leaders and organisations inadvocating and asserting indigenous people’s rights. It was established as alearning institute where indigenous people can come together to learn fromeach other and share their experiences towards empowering their ownorganisations and communities. ILI is not based in a centralised location;rather it is found in the numerous local communities, villages andgrassroots organisations where indigenous people live.ILI is an indigenous term of the Igorot peoples of the Cordillera, Philippinesmeaning people, identity and community. Among the Ho people of India, ILImeans the sacred rice wine that is offered to the gods or spirits of theancestors in prayer and thanksgiving.
COMMUNITY ORGANISING TRAINING MANUALTable of ContentsPART 1: INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNITY ORGANISING . 11MODULE 1: ORIENTATION AND BASICS OF COMMUNITY TRAINING . 12Section 1 . 13Topic 1: The Concept of Indigenous Peoples . 14Topic 2: Indigenous Peoples’ Systems . 16Topic 3: The Social History and Struggles of the Indigenous People . 20Section 2 . 24Topic 1: Introduction to the Host Organisation . 25Topic 2: The Community Organising Training Program . 27Topic 3: Role of the Community Organiser . 30Topic 4: Roles and Responsibilities of a Trainee . 33Topic 5: Teamwork . 36Topic 6: Tactic Session . 42Topic 7: Planning, Reporting and Assignment . 45Section 3 . 50Topic 1: Concept of Personality . 51Topic 2: Self Development . 54Topic 3: The Purpose of Community Organising . 57Topic.4: Principles of Community Organising . 61Topic 5: Characteristics of Community Organising . 67Topic.6: Community Organising Procedures. 71Topic 7: Terms Used in Community Organising Work . 78Topic 8: Process of Social and Issue Analysis . 83Topic 9: Social Investigation/Research . 86Topic 10: Integration . 94Topic 11: Groundwork and Legwork . 97Topic 12: Identification and Expansion of Issues . 100Topic 13: Role Play and Mobilisation . 103Topic 14: Assessment and Reflection . 107Topic 15: Introduction to Peoples’ Organisation . 110Topic 16: 4p Cycle (Planning, Preparation, Action and Evaluation) . 113PART II: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ ISSUES AND INITIATIVES . 119MODULE 2: LEADERSHIP AND TRADITIONAL GOVERNANCE . 120Section 1 . 121Topic 1: Types of Government in the World . 122Topic 2: Government Structure . 126Topic 3: Type of Government of the Country . 129Topic 4: Good Governance . 131Topic 5: Issues Related to Power Distribution . 134Topic 6: Structure and Role of the Local Government . 138Topic 7: Impact of Local Government on Indigenous Peoples . 140Topic 8: History and Leadership of Indigenous Peoples. 143Topic 9: Issues on Indigenous Peoples’ Traditional Governance . 146Topic 10: Process of Change and Impact on the Lives of Indigenous Peoples . 149Topic 11: Integration of Indigenous Peoples’ System into Present Administration. 151MODULE 3:GENDER, CULTURE AND EDUCATION . 153Section 1 . 154Topic 1: Gender Concept and Role . 155
COMMUNITY ORGANISING TRAINING MANUALTopic 2: Issues and Challenges of Indigenous Women . 158Topic 3: Gender Equality Struggle . 161Section 2 . 163Topic 1: Indigenous Peoples’ Culture and Way of Life .Topic 2: The Significance of Culture in Indigenous Peoples’ Struggles .Topic 3: Present Status of Indigenous People’s Culture .Topic 4: Challenges in Practising and Maintaining Culture .164168170174Section 3 . 177Topic 1: Indigenous Peoples’ Educational Concept . 178Topic 2: Problems and Challenges of IP’s Education. 183MODULE 4: SOCIO ECONOMY. 188Section 1 . 189Topic 1: Indigenous Peoples’ Economy . 190Topic 2: Economic Policies . 193Topic 3: Macro and Micro Political Economy . 195Topic 4: Integration of Indigenous People’s Economy into Other Economic Systems. 199MODULE 5: RESOURCE MANAGEMENT . 202Section 1 . 203Topic 1: Relationship Between Natural Resources - Land, Forest and Water .Topic 2: Indigenous Resource Management Systems .Topic 3: Laws Affecting Indigenous Peoples’ Resource Management .Topic 4: Resource Management Tool: Community Mapping .204204204204PART III: COMMUNITY ORGANISERS’ ROLE . 204MODULE 6: PEOPLE’S ORGANISATION . 204Section 1 . 204Topic 1: Social Organisation of a Community . 204Topic.2: Issues and Challenges In Today’s Community . 204Section 2 . 204Topic 1: The Significance and Purpose of the People’s Organisation . 204Topic 2: Building And Strengthening People’s Organisation . 204Annexure . 204Worksheet 1 .Worksheet 2 .Worksheet 3 .Worksheet 4 .204204204204
INTRODUCTIONCOMMUNITY ORGANIZING TRAINING MANUAL 8
COMMUNITY ORGANISING TRAINING MANUALINTRODUCTIONThe purpose of community organising is to create a new awareness towardsthe marginalised and oppressed community and to build a structure that isbased on the people, for example the People’s Organisation (PO).Marginalised communities need to make their own decisions when confrontedwith an issue or a problem. Nevertheless, the roles of the communityorganizer and leader are important in suggesting ideas and tactics to confrontthe oppression.The main objective of community organising training is to train and equipcommunity organisers and leaders to help the community organisation processand strengthen the oppressed community.PART I: INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNITY ORGANISINGMODULE 1: ORIENTATION AND BASICS IN COMMUNITY ORGANISING includesthree sections. The first section of this module introduces the IndigenousPeople’s System and the social history of Sabah’s Indigenous People. Section1 also introduces the overall orientation of the community organising trainingprogram, especially purpose, priorities and training needs. This section aimsto prepare the participants and assist them in understanding the purpose ofthe training.Finally in the third section, participants are introduced to the process of socialand issue analysis as well as social research and investigation. Participantsalso recognise the roles of the community organiser in ensuring communityparticipation and involvement.PART II: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ ISSUES AND INITIATIVESMODULE 2: LEADERSHIP AND TRADITIONAL GOVERNANCE aims to developparticipants’ understanding of government, structure and roles of the localgovernment and identify the basic structures and the changes of traditionalgovernance. It also discusses and identifies issues and strategies that increaseawareness, and build leadership, and work towards forming an administrativestructure at the village level.COMMUNITY ORGANISING TRAINING MANUAL 9
COMMUNITY ORGANISING TRAINING MANUALINTRODUCTIONMODULE 3: GENDER, CULTURE AND EDUCATION consist of three sections.Section 1 introduces the gender concept and the struggle for gender equality.Section 2 introduces culture and its significance. Among the issues discussedare the problems of practicing and revitalising our own culture, thesignificance and contribution of culture in the struggle of Indigenous Peoples,as well as the challenges of revitalising and strengthening our own culturetoday. Section 3 touches upon the concept of Indigenous People’s educationand the national education policy. In this section, participants are introducedto the learning methods and challenges of Indigenous People’s education anddiscuss the methods needed to strengthen the learning initiatives andIndigenous People’s education.MODULE 4: SOCIO-ECONOMY consists of one section where the discussionfocuses on understanding the concepts, principles and practices of IndigenousPeople’s economy. This module compares the different economic systems andits impact on the Indigenous People’s economy.MODULE 5: RESOURCE MANAGEMENT explains the relationship andsignificance of natural resources to the Indigenous People. It also discusseslaws that impacts Indigenous People’s resource management and explains theuse of community mapping as a resource management tool.PART III: COMMUNITY ORGANISERS’ ROLESMODULE 6: PEOPLE’S ORGANISATION is the last module in this trainingprogram. This module focuses on the People’s Organisation (PO). Discussionsare held on the concept, principles and characteristics of PO as well asexperience in building and strengthening the People’s Organisation.COMMUNITY ORGANISING TRAINING MANUAL 10
PART 1: INTRODUCTIONTO COMMUNITYORGANISING
MODULE 1: ORIENTATIONAND BASICS OFCOMMUNITY TRAINING
PART I: INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNITY ORGANISINGMODULE 1: ORIENTATION AND BASICS IN COMMUNITY ORGANISINGSection 1Content:MODULE 1:1. Introduction to the Concept of the Indigenous PeoplesORIENTATION ANDBASICS OFCOMMUNITYORGANISING2. Introduction to the Indigenous Peoples’ Systems, SocialHistory and Struggles.COMMUNITY ORGANIZING TRAINING MANUAL 13
PART I: INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNITY ORGANISINGMODULE 1: ORIENTATION AND BASICS IN COMMUNITY ORGANISINGTopic 1: The Concept of Indigenous PeoplesObjectives:At the end of this session, the trainees will be able to: Explain the concept of Indigenous PeoplesDuration: 1 hour 30 minutesIntroductionDefinition of the Indigenous Peoples (IP) varies in different regions orcountries in the world.Indigenous peoples are ethnic groups that are defined as indigenousaccording to one of the various definitions of the term, there is nouniversally accepted definition but most of them carry connotations ofbeing the "original inhabitants" of a territory.- From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaFollowing are some suggested activities and inputs for this topic:1. Activity 1: Sing indigenous folk songs [5 minutes]2. Activity 2: Ask trainees a question [10 minutes]Suggested question: In your opinion, who are the IndigenousPeoples?Trainees write their answer on a small slip of paper.3. Input: Slide Presentation [45 minutes]Trainer presents information with the answers given by the trainees.4. Feedback from the trainees [15 minutes]5. Synthesis from the trainer [15 minutes]COMMUNITY ORGANIZING TRAINING MANUAL 14
PART I: INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNITY ORGANISINGMODULE 1: ORIENTATION AND BASICS IN COMMUNITY ORGANISING FURTHER READING1. The Concept of Indigenous Peoples in Asia-A Resource Book edited by ChristianErni, published by IWGIA and AIPP 2008 NOTE TO TRAINER-As this is the first session, greet the participants and introduce yourself and theparticipants or a brief activity of get-to-know.-It is very important for the trainer to present the topic slowly in simple language.You may like to change the activities and questions to suit to your situation.-Reassure the participants, especially those who are new. Help them to understandthat learning is a lifelong process and they can learn if they participate actively inthe sessions.COMMUNITY ORGANIZING TRAINING MANUAL 15
PART I: INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNITY ORGANISINGMODULE 1: ORIENTATION AND BASICS IN COMMUNITY ORGANISINGTopic 2: Indigenous Peoples’ SystemsObjectives:At the end of this session, the trainees will be able to: Describe the present status of the Indigenous Peoples’ systems Explain their roles in revitalising Indigenous Peoples’ systemsDuration: 2 hoursIntroductionThe livelihood of the Indigenous People depends on various systems ofsurvival and life sustenance. Their life systems vary from traditional tocurrent natural resources.Following are some suggested activities and inputs for this topic:1. Activity 1: Introduction of ob
COMMUNITY ORGANISING TRAINING MANUAL FOREWORD This manual is based on the experience of providing community organising training in Cambodia, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Peninsular Malaysia for which PACOS Trust, a local organisation in Sabah, Malaysia provided the COT Manual 2005 as a resource book for the training through the Indigenous
Community organizing is a term that captures the efforts of change agents and organizations working for social change.10 The roots of much of modern community organizing can be traced to the work of Saul Alinsky. 1 According to Alinsky, the roles of the community organizer may include founding and developing an organization, maintaining
Case Application (Structure) Starbucks—Organizing Organizing is an important task of managers. Once the organization’s goals and plans are in place, the organizing function sets in motion the process of seeing that those goals and plans are pursued. When managers organize, they’re defining what work ne
1. Know what training manual is. 2. Explain Crucial contents of Training manual 3. Design Training Manual 4. Prepare training budget Training manual of any organization consists of following information about training. Training Policy: Policy is a written Statement expressing company's vision mission regarding training. Policy is guideline .
N.B. Since there are many aspects to good community organizing and social change strategies, the topics covered in this syllabus guide could easily be covered in greater depth by dividing them into two courses on community organizing – one an intro CO 101 and the other a more advanced CO 102.
North Star Fund is a social justice fund that supports grassroots organizing led by communities of color building power in the Hudson Valley and New York City. We fund community organizing. Community organizing is the process of bringing people together who have common problems to work collectively
Arguably the father of community organizing, Saul Alinsky envisioned the organizer's role in the 1969 introduction to the Vintage Edition of his 1946 manifesto, Reveille for Radicals. Alinsky (1989) defined the role of organizers as having "the job of organizing people so that they will have the power and
III. How can community organizers use maps in a participatory way? 7 a. Community Analysis 9 b. Community-Engaged Mapping 9 c. Example: Maps for organizing in the King Park community 10 IV. Conclusion 11 V. Glossary 12 VI. Additional Tools You Can Use 13
inertia of pile cross section with respect to the neutral axis. Relationships between variables lem p M dM V dV V M dx x x x x x F y p y I M x dx p right p (soil resistance) p left a) Pile loading b) Net soil reactionc) Pile deflection d) Slope e) Bending moment. The Genesis of the P-Y Curve: (Reese and Van Impe, 2001) B . P-y curve Method . P-Y CURVES . p-y model used for analysis of .
