The Metric System, Science, And You!

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The metric system, science, and you!

In science class, we will be using the MetricSystem. The metric system is a system ofmeasurement that is used by scientists allover the world.The metric system is simpler and easier touse and understand than traditionalmeasurement systemsMost countries only use the metric system.In the United States, we use the English orStandard measurement System.

Thereare differentmetric units dependingon what we want tomeasure: Meter (m): Length Liter (l): VolumeGram (g): Mass Celsius (C): Temperature These are called base units!

English vs. Metric UnitsWhich is longer?A. 1 mile or 1 kilometerB. 1 yard or 1 meterC. 1 inch or 1 centimeter1 inch 2.54centimeters1mile1.6kilometers1 yard 0.9444metersLeft Image: ols/imagedemosm.aspx?picid 1167Right Image: http://share.lancealan.com/N800%20ruler.jpg

Whenyou add a prefix to a base unit youchange it’s value. Kilo 1000 Hecta- 100 Deca- 10 Deci- .1 (1/10) Centi- .01 (1/100) Milli .001 (1/1000)

Length/DistanceThe basic unit of length in the metric system in the meter and isrepresented by a lowercase m.Standard: The distance traveled by light in absolute vacuum in1 299,792,458 of a second.Metric Units1 Kilometer (km) 1000 meters1 Meter 100 Centimeters (cm)Click the image towatch a short videoabout the meter.1 Meter 1000 Millimeters (mm)Which is larger?A. 1 meter or 105 centimetersC. 12 centimeters or 102 millimetersB. 4 kilometers or 4400 metersD. 1200 millimeters or 1 meter

Measuring LengthTo measure length, we use a ruler.How many millimeters are in 1 centimeter?1 centimeter 10 millimetersWhat is the length of the line in centimeters? cmWhat is the length of the line in millimeters? mmWhat is the length of the line to the nearest centimeter? cmHINT: Round to the nearest centimeter – no decimals.Ruler: uler-cm.jpg

MassMass refers to the amount of matter in an object.The base unit of mass in the metric system in the kilogramand is represented by kg.Standard: 1 kilogram is equal to the mass of the InternationalPrototype Kilogram (IPK), a platinum-iridium cylinder keptby the BIPM at Sèvres, France.Metric Units1 Kilogram (km) 1000 Grams (g)Kilogram PrototypeClick the image towatch a short videoabout mass.1 Gram (g) 1000 Milligrams (mg)Which is larger?A. 1 kilogram or 1500 gramsC. 12 milligrams or 12 kilogramsB. 1200 milligrams or 1 gramD. 4 kilograms or 4500 gramsKilogram Prototype Image - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilogram

English vs. Metric UnitsWhich is larger?1. 1 Pound or 100 Grams2. 1 Kilogram or 1 Pound1 pound 453.6grams3. 1 Ounce or 1000 Milligrams1 ounce of gold 28,349.5milligrams100kilogram 220 pounds

Measuring MassWe will be using triple-beambalances to find the mass ofvarious objects.The objects are placed on the scaleand then you move the weights onthe beams until you get the lines onthe right-side of the scale to matchup.Once you have balanced the scale, you addup the amounts on each beam to find thetotal mass.What would be the mass of the objectmeasured in the picture? gTop Image: http://www.southwestscales.com/Ohaus Triple Beam 750-SO.jpgBottom Image: aboratory/graphics/triplebeambalance.jpg

Measuring Mass – Triple-Beam Balance1st – Place the film canister on the scale.2nd – Slide the large weight to the right until the arm dropsbelow the line. Move the rider back one groove. Make sure it“locks” into place.3rd – Repeat this process with the top weight.When the arm moves below the line, back it upone groove.4th – Slide thesmall weight onthe front beamuntil the linesmatch up.5th – Add the amounts on each beam to find the total mass to the nearesttenth of a gram.Click here to try an online activity.

English vs. Metric UnitsWhich is larger?A. 1 liter or 1 gallonB. 1 liter or 1 quartC. 1 milliliter or 1 fluid ounce1 gallon 3.79litersIt would take approximately 3 ¾1-liter bottles to equal a gallon.1 fl oz 29.573ml1 12-oz can ofsoda wouldequalapproximately355 ml.1 quart 0.946 liters

VolumeVolume is the amount of space an object takesup.The base unit of volume in the metric system inthe liter and is represented by L or l.Standard: 1 liter is equal to one cubic decimeterMetric Units1 liter (L) 1000 milliliters (mL)1 milliliter (mL) 1 cm3 (or cc) 1 gram*Which is larger?A. 1 liter or 1500 millilitersClick the image towatch a short videoabout volume.B. 200 milliliters or 1.2 litersC. 12 cm3 or 1.2 milliliters** When referring to waterLiter Image: http://www.dmturner.org/Teacher/Pictures/liter.gif

Measuring VolumeRead the measurement based on the bottom ofthe meniscus or curve. When using a realcylinder, make sure you are eye-level with thelevel of the water.What is the volume of water in the cylinder? mLWhat causes the meniscus?A concave meniscus occurs when themolecules of the liquid attract those of thecontainer. The glass attracts the water onthe sides.Top Image: a.gifBottom Image: http://morrisonlabs.com/meniscus.htm

What is the volume of water in each cylinder?Pay attention to the scales for each cylinder.Images created at downloads/SWF/measuring cylinder.swfMeasuring Liquid Volume

Sometimeswe need to convert cm to metersor meter to kilometers. How do we do that?

3000 km300hm30dkmConvert 3m to Km3m

5m.5dm.05cmConvert 5m to mm.005mm

7000km700hm70dkm5m

450km45hm4.5 dkm4.5mConvert 5m to mm

65m6.5dm.65cm.065mm

Theslide show was adapted from thefollowing sources: Science Spot http://www.sciencespot.net/Media/metric Length.ppthttp://www.sciencespot.net/Media/metric Mass.ppthttp://www.sciencespot.net/Media/metric Volume.ppthttp://www.sciencespot.net/Media/metric metconv.ppt

System. The metric system is a system of measurement that is used by scientists all over the world. The metric system is simpler and easier to use and understand than traditional measurement systems Most countries only use the metric system. In the United States, we use the English or Standard measurement System.

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