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Dcn't writeanyining thismargin-.{5A fitar fi1049vlsloN lA *ar-:- ar10. Directive Principles can be considered as even more important than theFundamental Rights because they provide a positive thrust towards welfare.10Discuss. (L50 words)frtqr a.di 11[q erfffii fr fi 3rfffi qetqgrt qr{T qT q-rdrfi fren t q r rntq *ton srerc qG tt qqi frfrqtDtlLoLA&P; "Tt-'{'nJ"il*ev,,tPt {qtfr a { TrrT['h d'nno di'i ay''rt"t;A ;,,,t 5tu 'lbmV*h ,Ib**rA'fr"'*\ jaqrbrilr.W fr.nl ).o,na fr*'{,WffeTYW"tu"/;r* -t&, hi- DP If . 111n* 3 @r o.tutIqYbWt)*i "/h/M M9,1 Y'Tff' ,YY#:ffid' *ofu.6 N' -L,nm,tticp. Aa rwrilhr*c *, t.} ' r*[rl' l'rr- W;oYe* ,4o yft*"rt- D?i? 6N cYY1,u! fu,,{f A A"' -ft. p,., A ,*" - W''Boh { n ,Tn* h" obst-rt 4ha .ln ffiic "*Lt*cen AtI\)"{* ",Page 19of50*drh,-rIIksh

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Dcn't v'rriieanytning this1049VISION IAS"marprni;1 *ror frqxarfawll11. ln light of demands for replacement of the FPTP (First Past the Post) systemwith other alternatives, compare the merits and enumerate the challengesassociated with replacing the current system. (250 words)15sr E frq xunfr dr er.q ffi a cfrr, rft( frq qrt fi qfri hq-6rqr t, T qT;t yunfr {rfi } gl-;n {,r{Eq sfr TfaF,{rft-d E,{t ft wqf*{,a-frftr- i ?i {- q-a frf}qrFPTP (E vtfu* ,h) C,w,W h n*W Vrrrr n a ?t,k'grrqL , I.ft*,e cr** {' n"aEeL,aAw, hfthg",rAr"Li U"lrhu V*k{W;*ffiin@ Mth,4Il-.,fl,.Lttt]rrRl,0rr,flr* .In, r, ,hrr*& kw*lurh,, E*{ ?p rrfu ca,"duAilz,4 T\ t"a Wft"w* wVrl"ailuvw n"( &,frA,nn WilIl fi*WW?e,*.lr, h, ,AW,/)Ld,bAslr Cr WUfrAl-u {:flTfl?-eqln4 nfuOLW''ffi6*Wy,("arrb'-lD q rw.,'.t- ohbbVisit us : wwr,v.visionias.inPage2l of50

1049vrsloN tAs"ffiU"l*"Dcn't writeanything tnrsmarcrn{ ?r all6T &rys;ni*&tWrW"[t4ogn;h4Tr-* t*kk 4v lnrrrr ukn, n*th t rt-tYVr ;V o\,e\NayryA VW*k ,u ,,4fr----7--nrrua U\ 4r t)." trPTP'*w-Gff"-MP e1r M LAcr'*hh rr r ,ntA/\fr-rI( olhbLin -{"[v.W,,k*a*i "L,Thrtut, NL r;CovwW {* {}- i wrfu*Cow\ t" rLfl"*-f" ryw o1 LL bnwc,hh" "*t'b- fu[hh),o - \W r t]*"c- tl tl/r dJ ?TPACYl*"*ur tv\ "wrl A { 1kt tJ, .W*}b"d* or)t ffiwy#,#;wr :,.WW 4\,v\T"Tlnu;,,vtt?M*af,"a n*-,r * wb r"fho' [alnv,et-

Dcn't vvriteanytning thismargrn .t049VISION IAS'frot3.{tl"{, el,,t r,"cr- - flnfo cp Nv }, ,fudl;'A J (ru 4Wt, ,rAFaAa!* d l",\WT flqb A t"til,J"olf,g12b 'rru;y-trn-rP:wvi\f*Wru,rWA A- U.Uin *rx ra tru'fl'.o fo------;------b r'\ ' n Vv'da '4'mTP0W-kr rrwhM q,oLs' rL\"otqb t ou *d A *t thrrtwfi Ek c,ttrn 4 h" wE1x" [4{ A/y-l" 6UA/? -4r* Ewb "}Yvb 9,Page 23,,of50tral;q*uari.a: l

Dan't writeanything tnis1049VISION IA "marctniga12. Despite long term recognition of the problem of pendency of cases in thecourts, limited progress has been made in reducing their number. What arethe possible reasons for such a scenario? Suggest a framework of measuresthat can be taken to address this issue. (250 words)15 dR-fl .dt fr q-{r rrT fi ga rsq fr q {qrq Ai h {r fr Fi-fi{rcq q;1 nq a;,G fi ftqn fr frfuo rqft A A q"d tr qfr cfrEqrr frq ii}rrGnqm s'-rtor sl WIE6rlrr {in tz qq HrrerT mt e"T wt * fu frfY{ B.rrfr;qrznci-q Srr*fifiRqrqmWt/\ 0Wfu T"d*%,*A{-V{1drb.gt a,w).Lt{ R}/Wp) axrury ffixwBp)fr,y',* ,7W,hffi;'ww"Visit us : www.visionias.inCall us :3,468022422Page 24of50atrt'rfrqxarfa-dir

Dcn't wrileanything thistnargrn .vlsloN lAs'.(.5? ?narmg arkH6a*/t, oJn.fr1" Cthwlr".rt Wr'*W,r"ivfu@Ww,0W & ynca'h . n,k ca CI L , /Lltwrd- covrt, f/\{c,'L t"aAJ e/w'1 /n,''t4di,\ vaoffiM fu ,e-cQ-o " h* t*{,hD n b @'x-r MWrytcian) xX"ld1,h{ bfu"Ywffi ?wfl i/ a*rl'r\dfl, 0 L hb* *CrY,r )h"lL* r, a!,le/,*r(-t?,htt'rj{n} ' 'fi;;''d r p, V fu*fi," WWtr -Cr,,,*frxfri"9""" [ .W, aw b 4*& l't -rcAr lron"A f"r-? wu,"* dtl*frofrnrflil"t,JA tr-ir,;il6.4# W*aif"fi.nl c /:fufl J*,wv,w{ilo/t UPage 25i'I ji.-lirr'-:.I9@W d @ NAof50,;rlllrtrlt

1049Dcn't writeanvthing tnrsmarcrnvr loN lAs"(qi:rt/'"r,Tdryfuk \rh",Y-f.1.c'tw"td ' rr*t'br 1t olilu'onV lrw &*nt,r*rf ff"r. * N1 C, ,.11 rfi*rr--1 ,t, .--;I rlw na14ifi.dnk vr * arnTz- 't4nn{,f-y\t*l" &rtal* cev bL /N*FF-,*tpr,!-pt,*a 'thP'ffi"d!Unn,U* l qn eB"utiwewdl *lAJ LuVtU Ll W 7e,r'AA n t"rr-- r;"sU "UiYr* rn h * ',',ril*n rr) Urn{1Ln o itV/,*n"a-,Mfh; Fh f,I T b"b 4, ,),ir,4.7"v,vf,,r rrvtfin@a cr e,k\' .u(Meacmil,4xd A A atql,*{hW* ,,rt"{A tA t s.lL -rr,;LTt of"* {rtfr" CA l,!,Lb ,t /- "ur*S f\ .L "1Aip''. "ur;rhPage 26of50ilr.t A".qaarfenatyt L #M,v

Don't writeanvthing this1049VISION IAS"margrnroa*rror frqa arfin*;the phrase 'due process of law' not being included in Article 21, theSupreme Court, over the years, has adopted the doctrines of 'procedural dueprocess' and'substantive due process' into lndian constitutional law.13. DespiteComment. (250words)15fi srr{ yBqr' asqqiql q-{ aq 21 t qftqft-a q-8 di h er W, wm }qrq q tq;qrrrrqq i'cfr-{kq-fi frf,S } er{vr' rrfi 'qrc m Gfd * q1qrt srq-{yBqr' h ffii 1un6, tiierR-6 mrfc t erqfl-frqr'f;t fr.q,rX fifrqr'G'f*\tatw\e*/n/\Nl Ve' WWY'WW /bt,H ?41 fr, q,.d / -A)"L!)l -H ffiwffi'ffi,""&;1;;A\/\W"uvY'sW* P'ffiW, It !6rt ,, u C t*-? c/ Jhtt-l-0t " lqw t"* lr1 P*Jfa-v o,wt{xlt*r t, \"A dlfuClv' f,', /i/r'J,*J#* il & lc,'t ''1 /' LitYo*/ tflt*)w tr w - .Call us .8468022022Page 27of50

1049Don't writeanything tnisvlsloN lAs'.8468022022rTrarsrn i ?rercrsryrarb-.*rVisit us : www.visionias.inPage 28of50iialll,lilrtill is f,*i"s*t":aiited for Jatin Kishore(jatinki hci-i-., ,i!,rll:i,,irJo:17

1049usloN lAs*8468022022Visit us : www-visionias.inPage 29of50Don't writeanything lhismargtnrqretrrcr dry,uari-&r&;

Dcn't yrrileanything tnrs1049vl loN lAs"margrn(qa?lrErfr".arflis.r14. Can we say that cooperative federalism in lndia has strengthened in the postliberalisation era? Give reasons in support of your answer. (250 words) 15ffirEq q flm*t fr{z errt er.r * {Tri{s-flt- .wTt*crerr ur re-gofitvrco fi q-dmrfr s-{r g-{d ffTrfifrqrDr 'tn u."',e'* t, 1"I*"t\"*-er-{t*1l.o.f,W@Fto-r-'b,ATL{ b r,ic qar2il*{ il, tLt-t"ffi-ilf 'f 4 vw[]. ,yA-ueuharh,,i,.rt,r,rr"),Dvr.o-'t,N'la,"DuL. 9 {'"'c",flp "kW ql,{u qn w A& ;1 - ['r* t\yuar -ltyr\,t/vanAt\ a-k "v'L.Sh t"-,xfrl ;t h ( /' e 'hak,t"A;# ;,,4 19 'bo*rr;ruM, U/,ushh- 'l"'t** k"I r'"7'h[h A""r-tl' wa'vkI "VWd)vY\wu\rdM,fir,v'r,r/ oIh She-Call us :8468022022Page 30of50:;i

Don't wrileanytning lhisvrsroN rAs"margrnre"{ rilar }i'l),v,r ,)(kIk(A 'fNrob (.b\, w\AgYAtvD6Ov wF a o bw vnt"ehnw'ztt p vy Qv\h{w3 t,{ 'rwuw\Lt/) rv1A0\ LrF-r'.t-*M. W"Tquarbt'91tt { 4 4e*'nn " tSRf fi*Wt t't"q a""fuLL rha- -c "fr" \n'lh- " k* lr k h ll',. , d9rrofu ue f.'" tpr tff'"'1" "3IY,W38,'1 *,9J-RvrA ca, ,il#U** )nrrko,rr - 'irr. 6&)%. ;6t-c,4{,fr.ref!,-wh*"v\Atr"q Whrr,,J*,'* fy yl::: b9VnA/\L oJrr" hAdAit- .\JILv,r*/b-le,\O-tg,t l l .Wy:, ;T#.tf,:" ,447(w\rrAhntu'oJL*cA "f, \?cn/Pwv\ 'h; 0"o"1" n*U .t r A' 4 n"e-u'.* Lr* 4- ,,lttLt*'-O ,ry-g@g1v--t-v v-1,,,--('."-11*n WVrwn;',owll}*lb*--rrl ,.,r lA hw a""r\ fi * ,fr d,''*),, ,{r,*,1",*'fh*SY h \nrrvnL n"tn" swafh" Uh"Uil;;Ttr yr" hllV.prv-LIlldt

1049Don'l writeanything tnisvlsloN IA '.marcrniga *irrIt* t fr%rf d ,rAL '" T,*l ?,r" "lD t -"plN W k " trrL fln- *fqft t 4 rh,,tJ-f 6r*,i- tf". oll:,?"Gg {,,K v b"n r 0 ttlt*ru@fi*"mc* *l9Wha Ce ,l;o Ao,l,oapmb"Q--q ,E" cMA N4]fua,T@--Y 2,Wl"wail, tDCA/.r e-t"A o' h'*firqfiL " srll "t; -l"t' .?ft ffi-w*b ,lx'!,tid"qjqffiLLouLoilwloeu*-,.o ,"0,!.-f,""q\.r"r h* a t" R-ku" Yann"a,,YfuAdLd C\G4\.(t\ D SIF[ot&'t 9") -t*"k1 fi t.n\A gr t ,tnnn D\pg a/,1, Sh{Zs ",Jlubilt,t aJn ;r"lxz"bt n- % d hrd W,lWns6 n qAfN- P*tef tu .tqm r b"v,h , wii S, fu*;bvl"b-Visit us : wwrry.visionias.inPage 32of50iiqrarfordr

IDon't writeanytning thismargrn049vlsloN lAs*rsa ar6r a".erv ar fhrgl;15. Faulty regulatory policies can have a severe adverse effect on the efficientinterplay of market forces and end up harming public interest. Examine inthe context of systemic issues pertaining to regulatory environment in lndia.(250words)15aFT qTcrrr fr qrRnqi fr yra 3ffi{r r{ ri*{frfr-{rq-f,rtsq-qmqrffi6srrqtEd l 15qm.rga r -m tr rrrqd frqftiqr ftifld runfrrrd U* arf t q-freilq fifrqrfiffii*iNRffif,frffiqvcry a- !Lx VYalD" Atile*; Y.adg .b b\M''x toL*fr)M {t/ fr* f,tt Tr,;; %&v oEt ,CI L'tnr P *(Al \*\wrrlw r tM ta- kfk* A fio;srTLfl8468422022www.vrsronras.tnPage 33of50

1049Don'l yvrileanything tnrsfitarclnVISION IAS'-r".ffflffik\Sea t Cl*W tf uc)w\!\A ptt t(r.avii-"raqrarra-*};'unfincrl ilgd{erme l,h*o*,)brr"4*rh t* A4*r"aL tnc ., lro*t- rw b' u"h. AY AA .u,{.)1 ufht frhvltw--. ()fl"-L W u ,.fu' 'uo lh fu corurnrvtrW,,*,fiJ ,/v-rhi,fry W.TW ,,,J4 hdb b tic.ro-x-"Ir r*lr,'o,,*l l,** dr r-(r t? e ,lr;r(wvuJ ,trya "e ,J ,frr*ffiV' A npht t rIL,q4'f"*UkA i-JAt / h *r C*{b b"". f" ti4I\{ hxfuwo.)fuNl Pl-sbr/*e-b il* A tu\tu kmuu* tiw lt tJrh W"r "* h) dr1,,,4ry" t4rlt]1 e

IDon't writeanything this049vlsloN tAs'.fu*/L T*hamargrnt a ruar Aerpariix lt\N'"b lz', "r,t p hu t\"AA J" rx rht"q { " c, u;, Ca!. A'r "itww40 \ qar*t mnafuro h o @ Ael. J.J *Ctnvrrl;" *s,x, l, l,ux-ruoL t*,4cw nnv r'*Ylbhe*A'"\k/sqW fu* 4 M,el ? Lwrrfiu-lil- A'!\a "t t tT;;"krwtrr rr/nfi,d;*t t";rn th q,l"[flne exlww & l't*t"[,ial [ Yiilli t\'l't\4uhrilb** !) lrilNZA\,t ;*)- ,r*fr ",U,\ k 0 )"-L N ,{ r\"a }i a't hil'r,,nnDrwrlk W*dt*"erron,*Ac;-{od LA'/e'tum,K#v,'&@,h-,*1? *Xl.o!WAicM%/'4f l'R Jt\'qH;, i U;' -'''*l cL , 'WHS' *#p;,n\*hT,/ As uturq oc-tp,nN fr. h*"jrr4v iaik l- 1". "r h) ,rh)t-rrl l"l ro , he d ,\%?"td:.Page 35of50

1049Don'l wrrteanything tnisVISION IAS'*16.marcrnrr- rthe constitutionalprovisions to safeguard and ensure the.independent and impartial functioning of the upsc. Further, assess the'limitations of UPSC in effectively performing its role as the'watchdog ofmerit system' in lndia as envisioned by the constitution. (250 words) 15Mentionfi E.i"3i-( ftEqe{ qtrf t1-afrs} VdH( {qi 3r1q gfrr*-d wi &d arft-m vrs rqi or sofro fiftqr Til'r{ 8 frerm flrr srf,tr.rf, 'qtrdraT sunfi Tiapm' * q ii 3rc-fi rift crr 1slrrfi sq t l:Mo 6{i t upsc 6 6q1eii mrq FFFr fifrqrUPSCfu s,/ -!dt""A, t .Jt rl.r,{z"Jr *C oflhffi,( a p"rd I?0Fsc oP(t"!XJ rl*.1Wilst \,kk*rt tp *'a 'f-' UPJ LCAnlnngrr,tUPSt"YnB'w-krc*A 1'{ wv .,Y.Aca- " lr', n {-Jrrlfr\rl f-.a P*A&""t aA a,fu-rrv,'w\g/t/\ UrQM{rfl fu'a , f, yur\ a* C**l ,.6.VJo [u, "Ll-wr" rrn L 4. rr"* UKC ff L\MW A,,\a J"" 4il a".E-",t\4-J 4 X"BtrAx"BLa *JNUNiLrkyutuu 'Y\A hn4,;r; ! ,t \-r?,,ilto* ) UPSL c[a,t o,.r]*', l*r"@A ",WM*Call us :8468022022Visit us : www.visionias.inPage 36ltl.r:,t1*irrfrer fa-v&rof50l

Dcn t writeanything thismargrnVISION IAS*-{5?I flr&r aqqa ar f*r*;tt*,4*l;M@yL'*l*/\D W 4UPifuw/Tha n, s.\\r"*,A)Ahrfb nlr\"tz. -b""r pt t6*r* fu *'fX.4*nto4t- rTng-anurw W*yv e 0afit)ola*lunct {-NUP(CT-l r0*f f ,irQ nVtw 0\,e t d r ry, fr,C V',rrTrt re ,\rrfrrt tiPr(b,;;h,.k4WIk(r.*A -i@t1t"ew iil n {" 7,J,,2\{Page 37'lfr:ialili:l"Jiit*ni isof50::aliserJ fcr ,latin Kislrlr*ii;-llrlrir ,.rt,

1049usloNCall us :8468022A22Visit us : www.visionias.inPage 381lA '.of50l:ri lli:ul']rtnt i: pei:onali ed for Jatin Kishore(iatinkisltorel (glnrail com)Don't w'riteanything tnismarcrntc?r*#r*qrarr&-"*;

t049vlsloN17. What are the key issues in the contextDon't writeanytning thismargtnIAS*(aa,rar;ido you think the idea of state funding of elections can addressthese issues?(250words)t15ffiqq * iiq.f t gw G Eqr {r urrn rrq t* rr, qrcr crqrffiror -r fr-qr fc tE} m.r B-q frqT nF s-rnar{ ryr q m il rrroEqrfid"i,yin Atnvu W,rho cA- Tr- t.o.rre t ekw J ItQ9t',hlLrVt)4p4W {hV* .fl q'bw{tr"d .*n* oh*t-fV,(/1 9-hqn*,0d"i'{l'{)lDwl-[* ]t A04Vtrtt,l6.{t ["1ub,,{t/rh h,Tl".@ b't\Tl ri"WntwnAt) t-r,Vv1Page 39of50"7lry-erari'krlt

1049Don't wrileanything trrrsmarclnvlsloN lAs'.iqa yrprifEtrairkdrA Yecx-q ,l-hg'fy- F\"t- kA" C/',., .t- ,-h AiyY 4 elvr.t*-r'!- L,,-d" ,iJt\qd\0"q-Wh ,**@,.wd rw?th. ffibfi hq lhnfi,- EJ-"r u* ' ll* ruallu6 n*,f w]"-rl,Wryy*&lh"fr",il, '*- r6, ,,,. rh.1]-4',c-a/\ -lA" f dtl'V-T'e,l,'co/n*- \ r-;-:-- kW,,b-ufil ,* r,Ntr ' lrqr,'q l*cn"*w eN,\,\4 ,s\e- oxtvrry- ,ni,1c1- fimic"J. br"&Ld\ a-@ItJ",l,rr*"r*U ,,k da'b; 1lVUi, axCefr ot,Lo,N-.{wWkHg&abr od" 4-h l)*Vb ,* "'1ru.LI4" W.{r l\xrfl/-il T4 \tu e "t'&hffiawrwu*uh\rffy lo, r[*kq, tt.e fui.*nxf4h\'tCall us :8468A2?022 lbft{"*

D,":n't writeanything thisVISION IAS'q R r h s J,,6"M C "r;"f t ""tlrLJ* athre 't, a Ne-' rt I) e*ifflargrntg'ayrcr'frqir ar ixrei;'d rd, ilr,t@tV.,nrQ.*(h-fU.E f,r', dU*h nt -DQ r , .,ic C,,nnvG-w'ise""n"*i* Mct-J{,t\" Arffi t-lr."r,r ,{,fi*@;Cor,*):\W.hr.s*yiI'tA e W*n"4}1,'Thi,-Jr\/,l,a"'W ex&rw& a,cil:ry{.,affi'fxru";.riI"f:*';;A'to"t*' "kc 6 t ck-u'LgF 1lb rt"* b ile @ O"\cp.arufo)r-ffii.'AV u,o,hiw"h4 n'JnhlLe/t/\tVr""*y91 la P, d;Page4l of50irffi-"lirt ,("tAru f*ha tt\r, /l fr,r#It#

1049Dan't wrileanything tnisnlarctnvlsloN lAs'.is-avil.rfrqxarf&-r*r18.Separation of powers in case of lndia has acquired its own uniquenessunder the constitutional arrangement. Explain. (250 words)15qna*srcil 6{wEtftfi6qreqrAsrRnql *.1q-6.q'rri{Aaffi-f, aia-eil Bi?rtd r{T 3Fr;qIn"r .\,,rii,fufrIn Lfu*rh rr){ru;n'dai \*"'u,h,u"t[,;U,tlo0".-"' *WtQ -t,Jaxt "fuJ br* T*,rlre{) h* cq\''\/usL,ffiffiflil*;9;tfrf*y{rfiRqrJ hr"frNff-c'3u .,ti uc"rulwln A{ ulw6842242?Page 42tl,of50Vu,ag"fi,cE JS11{,,

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Drn't writeanything this1049vlsloN lAs*margrnrga *nor frq:varfii ilthe extent of President's powers under Article 352. Comment onthe judicial scrutiny of proclamation and the exercise of executive powersunder National Emerg'ency. How is this power different from the one19. Highlightbestowed under Article 355? (250 words)q-{-iAq 352 hfitrT{Tgcftfiqrftnq}15fi frflq-{ s ilqlerfrqr rrgtq 3{rrrdfr6rffi srffif *' s-frq" ,r-{fuqfi fifrqr r{ srfu 3r-{-"AE 356 * einito s- id qrfr frq trf,R Fr.{ ilB-frqw.Trft-{ ifiwr(elq-rr-6-5r-q stir{hAt',t" 9t2 )'"1, *;Jl. r),* v.'* N rdd{.*-Jfu. @ffi44-J}\atuYY.frtt\t\ \p,uc1{:#,el,Aqt*A {. " lx. Gb, t*"4J aXA {bCav -wnrk} Mru /\'- lw*ruN'ffih,ACd ispwtD vt" ;.' fr,,w tJ,W al,fr Wfh"s*[z{L ,i-,1l* Yr" dAIA,\LJ hLtuq*,*Wfl* fw A'hrhlk 14; bu,l tl/f,({ E*V V1 b )n"o'h eLbh'4kfrU"rrL,.d! 8468422022VisitPage 45of50r,rs :www.visionias.in

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Tl* D.p*tr".t.ilyln"t.t"o standing committees have been referred to as mini-parliaments in lndia. Highlight their relevance in a democratic polity and discuss, with examples, how they improve the overall effectiveness of the Parliament. (150 words) G]mil n ria-a pnfi qfrfrqT (Gamfu erfi qftRqTl 1 wnn t ffi-ffi }; sq fr iiEf-ro fr-qr rrqr {r ffir {r q-frft t gTfr Nqfr-q'm,1 qmal sTftq