Protection Relays Guide - Kianday
Automation & Information SystemsProtectionRelays Guide2012www.schneider-energy.pl
[ Protection Relays Guide ] List of ANSI Codes Applied in the GuideList of ANSI codes applied in the GuideANSI Code50/5150N/51N67Main Protection FunctionNon-directional phase overcurrentNon-directional earth faultDirectional phase overcurrent67NDirectional earth fault67YNAdmitance earth fault3749/5146Phase undercurrent / Loss of loadThermal overloadNegative phase sequence thermal I2 / Unbalance load46BCBroken conductor detection50BFCircuit breaker failure79Multi-shot autoreclose32N/67WWattmetric earth fault27Phase undervoltage59Phase overvoltage47Negative sequence overvoltage U227DPositive sequence undervoltage U159NResidual overvoltage / Neutral displacement Uo27TN // 59TN8732R // 32F100% stator earth fault ( 3 harm. ) neutral // terminalDifferentialReverse power R // Directional power F (3 ph measure)32OOverpower32LLow forward power81OOverfrequency81UUnderfrequency81RRate of change of frequency df/dt / ROCOF /81ABTurbine abnormal frequencyVVS*Voltage vector shift dU 40Loss of field24Overfuxing U/Hz51V2164N // 87NVoltage dependent overcurrentUnderimpedance / Impedance / DistanceRestricted earth fault (differential)50DTInterturn (Split Phase)64RRotor earth fault50 / 27Unintentional energisation at standstill // Dead machine78 / 68Pole slipping Power swings26 / 38Temperature detectors4851LR // 50S66ABS*Excess long startLocked rotor at start // Satalled rotorStart numberAnti Back Spin55Out of step25Check synchronising74TCSFL*50HSVTS/CTSTrip Circuit SupervisionFault locatorSwitch On To FaultMeasure circuit supervisionFunction symbols in accordance with ANSI / IEEE Std C37.2 - 1996 Standards* - the symbol does not appear in the Standard2
[ Protection Relays Guide ] ContentsCONTENTS:System Products.4Overcurrent Protections.6MV Bay Protections.13Motor Protections.17Generator Protections.21Line Distance Protections.25Line Differential Protections.30Differential Protections for Transformers, Generators and Motors.33Voltage Protections.35Busbar Protections.37MV Changeover Automation.39Accessories.40Services.42MV Network Automation / Easergy Range of Products.43Network Analysers / Metering and Control Devices.45SEPAM Range of Protections.47Product Catalogue (DVD) / MiCOM S1 Studio Software.49Product Tables.50Contact Details / Service Info-LineMake the most of your energy3
[ Protection Relays Guide ] System Products4PACiSProtection, Automation & Control integrated SolutionCONTROL AND SUPERVISION SYSTEM FOR ELECTRICAL POWER SUBSTATIONS Signalling and remote controlExecution of substation schemesMeasurement processingDistributed ArchitectureFlexible topologyIEC61850 100MBit/s STP6 system bus oroptical fibre, Client-Server relation, GOOSEevents, integration of equipment producedby various manufacturersConversion of data format betweena digital device and SCADAPossibility to test equipment operationsby means of software simulatorsDiverse interfaces of data transmissionsControl and supervision over all typesof substationsMiCOM C264 C / MiCOM C264 PMODULAR SUBSTATION COMPUTER AND SYSTEM BAY MODULE,COMMUNICATION CONCENTRATOR, PROTOCOL CONVERTERDocuments Catalogue cardControl and signalling circuits Possibility to count impulses on inputs Direct inputs for CTs and VTs Transducer measurements 0 - 20 mA Configurable schemes in accordance with IEC61131-3 standard, switchgear interlocking Integrated schemes of synchro-check andtransformer voltage regulator Record of up to 2000 events Routing of: Modbus, IEC 60870-5-101, IEC60870-5-103, IEC 60870-5-104, DNP 3.0,UCA-2, IEC 61850 protocols Electrical and optical interfaces Used as a stand-alone device or as a part ofPACiS system Co-operation with external SCADA systems(WindEX, SYNDIS, DYSTER, PRINCE etc.) Capacity to perform basic protection functions Analogue outputsApplication Bay unit with synchro-check Transformer voltage regulator Protocol concentrator (gateway) Back-up protection Modular substation computer - execution ofcontrol sequences, regulator schemes, interbayinterlocks Mini HMI - visualisation of a substation layout ona LCD display Various combinations of the above
[ Protection Relays Guide ] System Products5PACiS GatewayACCESS GATEWAYApplication Interface between PACiS system bus and adispatching centreProtection and Logic Control Data acquisition, processing and transmission Self-diagnosis and monitoring of data transfers Communication in V.24 and 802.3 standards:Slave DNP3, Modbus RTU, IEC 60870-5-101,IEC 60870-5-104, GI74, OPC, Server/ClientIEC61850 4 doubled communication portsTime synchronisationPossibility of parallel operations (redundancy)Supervision of modes: remote/local,„maintenance” Computer without rotating components, powersupply within thresholds of safe voltage Windows Embedded softwareSUI (System User Interface)HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACEApplication & Functions Used in HV and SV substations and in other areas ofcommercial power industry as a local or remote OI Possibility to create multiple Operator Interfaces insystems of distributed architecture Cyber-security compatible with NERC CIP standard,certified by US-CERT (authorised login, antivirussystem, management of access rights, 4 levels ofpassword-based protections) Compatible with many platforms, e.g.: XP/Server/Seven/32bits Designed from scratch using OPC architecture Report processing Configurable filtering of alarms and events Configurable on-line graphic interface Multilingual, with variety of licenses Web Server interfaceEnhanced Efficiency Object including more than 50,000 pieces of data „Hot Redundancy” mode - takeover of supervisionfunctions (without data loss) by a backup computer Acquisition and archiving of 5,000 pieces of data persecond in real-time Acquisition and archiving of 1,000 measurementsper second in real-time Up to 12 data servers (redundant) Up to 64 graphic interfaces on the data serversAdvanced Graphic Features Graphic libraries in compliance with power engineering standards Real-time charts (bar graphs, XY) Adjustable level of details - zooming / cluttering,result scaling Multilayer images and applications Simulation tools Possibility to create individual software scriptsOther Functionalities Data automatic processing (Access/Excel/SQL) Calculation of measurements Complexity of characteristics (real-time mode - X/Y bar graphs / log-log plots / pie charts SNMP configurator, integrated schedule
[ Protection Relays Guide ] Overcurrent Protections6MiCOM P120 / MiCOM P121OVERCURRENT PROTECTION RELAYFunctions: 50/51, 50N/51NApplication Phase and earth fault overcurrent protectionsapplicable in HV and MV substations and toprotect MV and LV transformersDocuments Catalogue card User manualProtections P120: Single-phase or earth fault overcurrent, 3-stageDT or IDMT, co-operation with core balanced CTor in Holmgreen arrangement P121: 3-phase overcurrent, phase-to-phase, 3-stage,DT or IDMT Earth fault, 3-stage DT or IDMT, co-operationwith core balanced CT or in HolmgreenarrangementMeasurements Phase currents Earth currentOther Functions 2 setting group Circuit breaker control CB status monitoring Protection blocking logic Output contact latching Programmable binary inputs, outputs relays andLEDs, 2 inputs / 4 outputs Communication in RS485/RS232 standard Transmission protocols: Courier, Modbus,IEC60870-5-103 and DNP 3.0 Recording of: Events - 250 Faults - 25 (1600 Hz, 3s window) Triggers - 25 Trips - 5 (display)MiCOM P122 / MiCOM P123OVERCURRENT PROTECTION RELAY (3-phase)Functions: 50/51, 50N/51N, 37, 49, 46, 46BC, 50BF, 79, 74TCS, 50HSApplication Phase and earth fault overcurrent protectionsapplicable in HV and MV substations and toprotect MV and LV transformersProtections 3-phase overcurrent, phase-to-phase, 3-stage,DT or IDMT Earth fault, 3-stage, DT or IDMT Thermal overload with 1 thermal time constant Undercurrent, single stage Negative phase sequence overcurrent, IDMT andDTMeasurements Phase currents Earth current Thermal stateDocuments Catalogue card User manualOther Functions 2 setting group Circuit breaker control CB status monitoring Protection blocking logic Output contact latching Programmable binary inputs, outputs relays andLEDs: P122 3 inputs / 6 outputs P123 5 inputs / 8 outputs Communication in RS485/RS232 standard Transmission protocols: Courier, Modbus,IEC60870-5-103 and DNP 3.0 Recording of: Events - 250 Faults - 25 (1600 Hz, 3s window) Triggers - 25 Trips - 5 (display)
[ Protection Relays Guide ] Overcurrent Protections7MiCOM P122CCOMPACT OVERCURRENT PROTECTION RELAYFunctions: 50/51, 50N/51N, 37, 49, 46, 46BC, 50BF, 79, 74TCS, 50HS, CTSApplication Utilities Industrial electrical networks HV and MV substations MV and LV transformersProtection and Logic Control 3 independent non-directional phase and earthovercurrent thresholds DT and IDMT curves Thermal overload Unbalance / Loss of phase Loss of load Output contacts latching Broken conductor detection Circuit breaker failure detectionBlocking logic for reverse interlockingCircuit breaker status monitoringTrip circuit supervisionSwitch on to faultCold load pick-upOutput contacts testing modeMeasurements & Recording IA, IB, IC, IN, Is1, Is2, Is2/Is1, f, Θ Rolling and peak phase current values Recording of events, disturbances and faultparametersDocuments Catalogue card User manualMiCOM P116OVERCURRENT PROTECTION RELAY DUAL-POWERED WITH CTs / AUXILIARY SUPPLY VOLTAGEFunctions: 50/51, 50N/51N, 37, 49, 46, 46BC, 50BF, 79, 74TCSApplication Phase and earth fault dual-powered overcurrentprotection applicable in HV and MV substationsand to protect MV and LV transformers Applicable in systems where auxiliary supplyvoltage may be interrupted or lostProtections Overcurrent, against phase-to-phase faults,3-stage, DT or IDMT Earth fault, 3-stage, DT or IDMT Thermal overload with 1 thermal time constant Undercurrent, single stage Negative phase sequence overcurrent, IDMT andDTMeasurements Phase currents Earth currentOther Functions Autonomous operation: dual-powered supplyfrom current circuits or/and auxiliary voltage 4-pole multishot autoreclose 2 setting groups Circuit breaker diagnosing Circuit breaker control Circuit breaker state monitoring Circuit breaker failure detection withundercurrent criterion Broken conductor detection Cold load pick-up logic Protection blocking logic Auxiliary output latching 5 x electromagnetic flag indicator Tripping the circuit breaker at a loss of auxiliarysupply voltage by means of: an internal energy tripping output, cooperatingwith the sensitive voltage coil of the circuitbreaker (CB ordering option): 24VDC or 12VDC MiCOM E124 - an external microprocessorcapacitor unit designed for cooperation withtraditional CB trip coils Programmable digital inputs, output relays andLEDs, 6 inputs / 7 outputs Communication standards: USB, RS485 Transmission protocols: Modbus, IEC60870-5-103 Recording of: Events - 200 Faults – 20 Disturbance – dynamic (1600 Hz, 7 s)Documents Catalogue card User manual
[ Protection Relays Guide ] Overcurrent Protections8MiCOM P115AUTONOMOUS OVERCURRENT PROTECTION RELAYFunctions: 50/51, 50N/51N, 37, 49, 46, 46BC, 50BF, 79, 74TCSApplication Phase and earth fault dual-powered overcurrentprotection applicable in MV substations Applicable in systems where auxiliary supplyvoltage may be interrupted or lost Auxiliary protection of HV/MV transformersE124capacitortrip unitInteraction with Circuit Breaker Tripping a CB when powered by currenttransformers only, achieved by: cooperation with a current coil of the circuitbreaker, an optional piece of equipment formodern CB’s, an energy output in P115 (24VDC 0,1J) to triggera highly sensitive trip coil, an optional piece ofequipment for modern CB’s, cooperation with E124 capacitor trip unit, beinga separate product by Schneider Electric (anapplication for CB’s of older types), an energy output in P115 (12VDC 0,02mJ) totrigger an external striker coil (Striker K1 type- mechanical coupling with the CB), being aseparate product by Schneider Electric (anapplication for CB’s of older types).Protections Overcurrent, against phase-to-phase faults,2-stage, DT or IDMT Earth fault, 2-stage, DT or IDMT Overcurrent, against asymmetry, IDMT Auxiliary (AUX1 and AUX2), IDMTDocuments Catalogue card User manualMeasurements Measurements accessible via communicationlink (no display): Phase currents Earth currentOther Functions Autonomous operation: dual-powered supplyfrom current circuits or/and Vx auxiliary voltage 2 setting groups Circuit breaker failure detection(undercurrent criterion) Circuit breaker control from P115 front panelor/and via RS485 Circuit breaker state monitoring Protection blocking logic from binary inputs(decentralised bus bar protection) Programmable digital inputs (2 inputs), outputrelays (up to 4 outputs) and LEDs (6 LCD’s) Communication standards: USB (local),RS 485 (remote) Transmission protocols: Modbus, IEC60870-5-103 Special current output for CB tripping coil Recording of: Events - 200 with time stamping Faults - 20
[ Protection Relays Guide ] Overcurrent Protections9MiCOM P114DAUTONOMOUS OVERCURRENT PROTECTION RELAYFunctions: 50/51, 50N/51NApplication Phase and earth fault dual-powered overcurrentprotection applicable in MV substations Applicable in systems where auxiliary supplyvoltage may be interrupted or lost Auxiliary protection of HV/MV transformersInteraction with Circuit Breaker Tripping a CB when powered by currenttransformers only, achieved by: cooperation with a current coil of the circuitbreaker, an optional piece of equipment formodern CB’s, an energy output in P114D (24VDC 0,1J) totrigger a highly sensitive trip coil, an optionalpiece of equipment for modern CB’s, cooperation with E124 capacitor trip unit, beinga separate product by Schneider Electric(an application for CB’s of older types), an energy output in P114D (12VDC 0,02mJ)to trigger an external striker coil (Striker K1 type- mechanical coupling with the CB), being aseparate product by Schneider Electric(an application for CB’s of older types).Measurements Measurements accessible via communicationlink (no display): Phase currents Earth currentOther Functions Autonomous operation: dual-powered supplyfrom current circuits or/and Vx auxiliary voltage Protection criteria set with DIP-switches I/O configuration with DIP-switchor MiCOM S1 software Circuit breaker control via RS485 Circuit breaker state monitoring Protection blocking logic from binary inputs(decentralised bus bar protection) Programmable digital inputs (2 inputs) andoutput relays (up to 4 outputs) Communication standards: USB (local),RS 485 (remote) Transmission protocols: Modbus, IEC60870-5-103 Special current output to the CB tripping coil Recording of: Events - 200 with time stamping via USB Faults – 20 via USBE124capacitortrip unitProtections Overcurrent, against phase-to-phase faults,2-stage, DT or IDMT Earth fault, 2-stage, DT or IDMTDocuments Catalogue card User manual
[ Protection Relays Guide ] Overcurrent Protections10MiCOM P125DIRECTIONAL EARTH FAULT PROTECTION RELAYFunctions: 50N/51N, 67N, 32N, 59NApplication Phase and earth overcurrent protectionapplicable in MV and HV stations and to protectLV and MV transformersMeasurements Earth current Residual voltageProtections Earth fault, 3-stage, DT or IDMT Earth fault, 2-stage (for Petersen coil earthedsystem) Residual overvoltageOther Functions Circuit breaker control Protection blocking logic Auxiliary output latching Programmable digital inputs, output relays andLEDs, 4 inputs, 6 outputs Communication standards: RS232, RS485 Transmission protocols: Modbus, Courier,IEC60870-5-103, DNP 3.0Documents Catalogue card User manualMiCOM P126 / MiCOM P127MULTIFUNCTION DIRECTIONAL LINE PROTECTION RELAYFunctions: 50/51, 50N/51N, 67, 67N, 37, 49, 46, 46BC, 50BF, 79, 32N, 27, 59, 59N, 74TCS, 81, 81R, 32F, 51V, VTSApplication Universal 3-phase directional overcurrentprotection, applicable in MV substations forboth incoming and outgoing feeders, as well asauxiliary protection for HVProtections Overcurrent, against phase-to-phase faults,3-stage, DT or IDMT (P127 - directional) Earth fault, directional, 5-stage, DT or IDMT ( 3measured and 2 derived ) Wattmetric earth fault, 2-stage (for Petersen coilearthed system) Undercurrent - single stage Residual overvoltage (P127) Negative phase sequence overcurrent, IDMT andDT Thermal overload with 1 thermal time constant Undervoltage, 2 thresholds (P127) Overvoltage, 2 thresholds (P127) Under- and overfrequency (P127) Power directional (P127) Frequency rate of chance (P127)Documents Catalogue card User manual PC simulator!Measurements Currents and voltages Current and voltage sequences Peak, average and rolling demand Thermal state in % THD i TDD for measure CTsOther Functions Four-shot autoreclose 8 setting groups Switchgear monitoring Remote and local CB control CB state monitoring CB failure protection Broken conductor detection Cold load pick-up logic Second harmonic blocking Protection blocking logic Selective logic Output relay testing Output contacts latching Programmable binary inputs and outputs: 7xI/8xO extra 5 opto-insulated inputs - option Extensive logic equations: 8 equations with 16operators each, of AND, OR, AN NOT, OR NOTtypes Measuring transformers, 0.5 class - option Another RS485 port with Modbus protocol option Time synchronisation via IRIG-B - option Communication standards RS232 (local) andRS485 (system) Transmission protocols: Modbus, IEC60870-5103 and DNP3.0 Recording of: Events - 250 Faults - 25 (1600 Hz, window 3 s) Triggers - 25
[ Protection Relays Guide ] Overcurrent Protections11MiCOM P111UNIVERSAL OVERCURRENT PROTECTION RELAYFunctions: 50N/51N, 50/51, 67N/67YN, 26/38, 79Application Thanks to its favourable „price vs technicalfeatures” ratio, P111 may be used both
a separate product by Schneider Electric (an application for CB’s of older types), an energy output in P115 (12VDC 0,02mJ) to trigger an external striker coil (Striker K1 type - mechanical coupling with the CB), being a separate product by Schneider Electric (an application for CB’s of older types). Protections
Motor Protection Relays - MM30, MM30W, MPR300, N-DIN-MA Generator Protection Relays -MG30, MG30I, MD32G Transformer Protection Relays - IM30T, MD32T, MD32TM Voltage and Frequency Relays - MC1V, MC3V, UFD34 Feeder Protection Relays- MC20, MC30, FMR Vector Surge Protection Relay -UM30A Neutral Displacement Relay -MND11 Reverse Power Relay -MRP11
3.5 Phase-to-phase faults 4. PROTECTIVE RELA VS 4.1 General 4.2 Differential relays 4.2.1 General 4.2.2 Differential relays for fully insulated transformers 4.2.3 Differential relays for auto-transformers 4.3 Overcurrent protection and impedance relays 4.3.1 Time-overcurrent relays 4.3.2 Under-impedance relays 4.3.3 Distance relays 4.4 Grou d .
Directional Relays 4 Differential and Timing Relays 5 Auxiliary Relays 6 Reclosing Relays 7 Synchronizing Relays 8 Generator and Motor Protection Relays 9 Voltage and Frequency Relays 10 Test Equipment and Accessories 11 General Information, Dimensions and Data12 . GE Multilin Subject:
Monitoring, Controlling and Switching with SIRIUS Relays One range for every application SIRIUS Monitor. 2 SIRIUS relays – . SIRIUS monitoring relays: Perfect protection of machines and systems Monitoring relays 3UG451 / 461 / 463 monitoring relays for line and single-phase
RELAY PRODUCT GUIDE CONTENTS Page 1 of 24 Updated MARCH 2009 Fujitsu Components Relay Product Guide 2.1 Automotive relays Page 3 2.2 Power relays Page 8 2.3 Signal relays Page 16 2.4 High frequency relays Page 19 2.5 Solid state relays Page 20 1.1 Who we are Page 2 1.0 ABOUT FUJITSU COMPONENTS
SIRIUS monitoring relays: Perfect protection of machines and systems Monitoring relays 3UG451 / 461 / 463 monitoring relays for line and single-phase voltage monitoring – as 3UG481 / 483 also for IO-Link 10 6* 3RR21/22 monitoring relays for direct mounting on contactors for multi-phase current monitoring – as 3RR24 also for IO-Link 12 7 .
Power System protection Dr. Mohamad Tawfeeq Classifications of Relays Classification of Relays Protection relays can be classified in accordance with the function which they carry out, their construction, the incoming signal and the type of protection. 1. General function: Auxiliary. Protection. Monitoring. Control. 2.
electrical system elements. Electromechanical relays are simple relays but it cause a lot of system faults due to the low reliability and frequent failures. Digital relays are highly reliable devices. These relays, besides providing protection, can also monitor the status of protection system elements, further enhancing protection reliability.
