Geoffrey Chaucer And The Canterbury Tales
Geoffrey Chaucer andThe Canterbury Tales
Chaucer and his Life Born in the early1340s to a middleclass family in London– Father, John Chaucer,was a vintner(winemaker) Died October 25,1400
Events During Chaucer’s LifeBlack Plague killed nearly half thepopulation of England 100 Years War with France Peasants’ Rebellion (remember RobinHood) Corruption in the Church (Catholic) Power struggle between Pope andKing
Chaucer and his Language Father of English PoetryThe Canterbury Tales isconsidered Chaucer’smasterpiece– Chaucer was the first writerto use English in a majorliterary work– He spoke Middle English A mixture of Old English(Anglo-Saxons) and OldFrench (Normans) Middle English differs fromModern English in thepronunciation of the words
The Great Vowel Shift A massive soundchange affecting thelong vowelsVowels shiftedupwards; vowel thatwas pronounced inone place in themouth would bepronounced higherup in the mouthPeople used to spellwords how theysounded, but nowthey had a leEnglishModernEnglishHIGH/i:/--- /ai/MID (closed)/e:/--- /i:/LOW (open)/æ:/--- /e:/(later -- /i:/)CENTRALVOWELLOW/a:/--- /e:/BACKVOWELSHIGH/u:/--- /au/MID (closed)/o:/--- /u:/LOW (open)"au"--- /o:/FRONTVOWELS
The Great Vowel ShiftMiddle EnglishSounds like Moderny,i "myne, sight""meet"e, ee "me, meet, mete" (close e)"mate"e "begge, rede" (open e)"bag"a, aa "mate, maat""father"u, ou "hus, hous""boot"o, oo "bote, boot" (close o)"oak"o "lof, ok" (open o)"bought"
Chaucer’s Language Continued Other writers chose to either write in French(government) or Latin (church)It gives a lifelike and engaging picture of a cross sectionof society during the 1300sOutstanding literary achievement– 17,000 vivid lines of poetry
The Canterbury TalesChaucer write the talesaround 1386 There are two key literarytechniques Chaucerincorporates – A Frame Tale – a storythat provides a vehicle, orframe, for telling otherstories The voice of the poetpilgrim himself, Chaucer –introduces us to otherpilgrims The person of the Host ofthe Tabard Inn The conversations thatoccur between the tales,among the Host and thepilgrims, and the pilgrimsthemselves
The Canterbury Tales An Estate Satire – a literary technique used tohighlight the foibles of a society and itsparticular people in the hopes of exacting somesort of change; it is sarcastic and sometimesoften biting– Prioress, Monk, Friar, Clerk, Parson, Summoner andPardoner (with the Clerk and Parson beingexceptions) have lives that seem to be very removedfrom what might be expected in people of their calling– Chaucer’s commentary on how he views the religioussystem of the medieval time period
The Pilgrimage Pilgrimage, a trip made to a holy placefor religious reasons or just for fun andadventure– People would journey to Sir ThomasBecket’s shrine in Canterbury to payhomage to the martyr (killed by KingHenry’s men but supposedly he knewnothing about it) Spring is a time for religious renewal Spring is also a time to get outside,have fun, take a trip, be glad you arealive. Plants grow, trees bloom,animals make babies.– 30 Pilgrims traveled to Canterbury tosee Becket’s shrine at the CanterburyCathedral in London– While on their journey they told storiesto pass the time Meet at the Tabard InnChaucer intended the pilgrims to tellfour tales each (two up and two back),but he died before they were written.24 tales in all.
The Pilgrims and Medieval Society The pilgrim’s occupationsreflect different aspectsof the 14th centurysociety– Feudal System Knight, Squire, Yeoman,Franklin, Plowman, Miller,Reeve– Religious Life Prioress (Nun), Monk,Friar, Clerk, Parson,Summoner, Pardoner– Trades and Professions Merchant, Sergeant ofLaw, Five Tradesmen,Cook, Skipper, Doctor,Wife of Bath, Manciple,Host
Literary Terms to KnowFable – teaches by providing a moral at the endParable – a brief story that parallels a more generalmoral lesson Exemplum – a specific example of a general rule: it issupposed to prove a point by showing the truth of somemoral rule Verbal Irony – exists when a person says one thing whilemeaning another Situational Irony – exists when the outcome of asituation is opposite of what someone expected Dramatic Irony – occurs when the audience or reader isaware of something that the character does not know Direct Characterization – writer telling the reader whatthe character is like (i.e., stupid, silly, kind) Indirect Characterization – writer shows the reader whatthe character does, says, thinks, or feels and allows thereader to draw their own conclusions about what thecharacter is like
The General Prologue 1-34Whan that Aprill with his shoures sooteThe droghte of March hath perced tothe roote,And bathed every veyne in swich licourOf which vertu engendred is the flour;Whan Zephirus eek with his sweetebreethInspired hath in every holt and heethThe tendre croppes, and the yongesonneHath in the Ram his half cours yronne,And smale foweles maken melodye,That slepen al the nyght with open ye(So priketh hem Nature in hircorages),Thanne longen folk to goon onpilgrimages,And palmeres for to seken straungestrondes,To ferne halwes, kowthe in sondrylondes;And specially from every shires endeOf Engelond to Caunterbury theywende,The hooly blisful martir for to seke,That hem hath holpen whan that theywere seeke.Bifil that in that seson on a day,In Southwerk at the Tabard as I layRedy to wenden on my pilgrymageTo Caunterbury with ful devoutcorage,At nyght was come into that hostelryeWel nyne and twenty in a compaignyeOf sondry folk, by aventure yfalleIn felaweshipe, and pilgrimes werethey alle,That toward Caunterbury wolden ryde.The chambres and the stables werenwyde,And wel we weren esed atte beste.And shortly, whan the sonne was toreste,So hadde I spoken with hem everichonThat I was of hir felaweshipe anon,And made forward erly for to ryse,To take oure wey ther as I yowdevyse.
The Canterbury Tales Chaucer write the tales around 1386 There are two key literary techniques Chaucer incorporates –A Frame Tale –a story that provides a vehicle, or frame, for telling other stories The voice of the poet-pilgrim himself, Chaucer – introduces us to other pilgrims The person of the Host of the Tabard Inn
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The Canterbury Tales and Chaucer's Corrective Form by Chad Gregory Crosson Doctor of Philosophy in English University of California, Berkeley Professor Steven Justice, Chair The long and sharp debate over Geoffrey Chaucer's moral aims for the Canterbury Tales has been shelved in recent years, not resolved. The question of his
http://english.fsu.edu/canterbury/wifepro.html Geoffrey Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales: A Complete Translation into Modern English by Ronald L. Ecker and Eugene J .
In addition toThe Canterbury Tales, Chaucer wrote a number of other important poems and prose texts, includingTroilus and Criseyde, a romantic, mythological tragedy;The Book of the Duchess, a courtly elegy; and a scientific treatise on the astrolabe. KEY FACTS Full Title: The Canterbury Tales Genre: Estate satire Setting: The road to Canterbury .
ENGL 201: Chaucer – The Canterbury Tales Spring 2021 Sarah Watson T/F 1:10-2:30 . This course is devoted to a careful examination of Geoffrey Chaucer’s . The Canterbury Tales . We (c.1387-1400) will place Chaucer’s work in the context of medieval history and culture and consider the responses of medieval readers and modern critics. We will
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