Fluid Mechanics And Dynamics Of Liquids Dr. Nancy Moore
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam ReviewFluid Mechanics and Dynamics ofLiquidsDr. Nancy Moore
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam ReviewWe are grateful to NCEES for granting uspermission to copy short sections from theFE Handbook to show students how to useHandbook information in solving problems.This information will normally appear inthese videos as white boxes.
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam ReviewOther Disciplines FE SpecificationsTopic: Fluid Mechanics and Dynamics of LiquidsExam Problem Numbers8-12 FE exam problemsA. Fluid properties (e.g., Newtonian, non-Newtonian)73, 77B. Dimensionless numbers (e.g., Reynolds number, Froudenumber)C. Laminar and turbulent flow74D. Fluid statics75E. Energy, impulse, and momentum equations (e.g.,Bernoulli equation)F. Pipe flow and friction losses (e.g., pipes, valves, fittings,Darcy-Weisbach equation, Hazen-Williams equation)7678, 79
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam ReviewOther Disciplines FE SpecificationsTopic: Fluid Mechanics and Dynamics of LiquidsExam Problem Numbers8-12 FE exam problemsG. Open-channel flow (e.g., Manning equation, drag)H. Fluid transport systems (e.g., series and paralleloperations)I. Flow measurement80J. Turbomachinery (e.g., pumps, turbines)91
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review1. A clean glass tube is to be selected in the design of a manometer to measure thepressure of kerosene. The specific gravity of kerosene is 0.82 and the surfacetension of kerosene is 0.025 N/m. If the capillary rise is to be limited to 1 mm, thesmallest diameter, in cm, of the glass tube should be most nearly(A) 1.25β (B) 1.50(C) 1.75(D) 2.004ππππ π½πΎππ 0.824 0.025 πΰ΅π πππ 0 .0124 π1000π19.8 ππΰ΅ 3ππ1 ππ 1000
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review2. For a body partially submerged in a fluid and at equilibrium, which of the followingis a true statement?(A) The weight of the body is equal to the weight of the volume of fluid displaced.(B) The weight of the body is less than the weight of the volume of fluid displaced.(C) The weight of the body is greater than the weight of the volume of fluiddisplaced.(D)The specific gravity of the body is greater than the specific gravity of the fluid.Since the body is at equilibrium, the weight ofthe body should equal the buoyancy force,which in turn is equal to the weight of thevolume of fluid displaced.
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review3. The hydraulic diameter of a circular pipe is equal to(A)(B)(C)(D)half its diameter.its diameter.double its diameter.Ο times its diameter.π 24(ππππ π π πππ‘πππππ ππππ) 4 4 π·π·β π·π€ππ‘π‘ππ πππππππ‘ππππ·
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review4. When a Newtonian fluid flows under steady,laminar conditions through a circular pipe ofconstant diameter, which of the following is NOT acorrect conclusion?(A) The shear stress at the centerline of the pipeis zero.(B) The maximum velocity at a section is twice theaverage velocity at that section.(C) The velocity will decrease along the length ofthe pipe.(D) The velocity gradient at the centerline of thepipe is zero.
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review5. Ethyl alcohol (specific gravity 0.79, and viscosity 1.19x10-3 Pa-s) is flowingthrough a 25-cm diameter, horizontal pipeline. When the flow rate is 0.5 m3/min, theReynolds Number is most nearly(A) 28,158(B) 31,424(C) 35,597(D) 42,63231πππ0.5 π ΰ΅πππ60 π π π ππ·2.25 π 244π 0.17 πΞ€π πππΊππ€ ππ·πππ1000 ΰ΅ 3 0.17 πΞ€π .25 ππ 282141.19π₯10 3 πππ π π π π 0.79
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review6. The figure shows a 10-cm diameter, horizontal pipeline with two piezometersinstalled 3 m apart. Under laminar flow of lubricating oil (specific gravity 0.92 andviscosity 3.8x10-1 Pa-s), the difference in piezometer readings is 12 cm. The flowrate, in m3/min, under the above conditions is most nearly(A) 0.02(B) 0.09(C) 0.14(D) 0.219.8 ππΰ΅ 3 0.12 π 1.082 ππππππ·4 Ξπππ 0.1 π 4 1082 πππ3ΰ΅π 0.0023π 128ππΏ128 3.8π₯10 1 πππ 3 πΞπ ππβ ππΊπΎπ€ β 0.92
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review7. When fluid flow is characterized as fully turbulent, which of the following is a truestatement?(A) Friction factor will increase with increase of Reynolds Number(B) Friction factor will decrease with increase of Reynolds Number(C) Friction factor is independent of Reynolds Number(D) Friction factor is independent of relative roughness
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review7. When fluid flow is characterized as fully turbulent, which of the following is a truestatement?(A) Friction factor will increase with increase of Reynolds Number.(B) Friction factor will decrease with increase of Reynolds Number.(C) Friction factor is independent of Reynolds Number.(D) Friction factor is independent of relative roughness.
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review8. The relative roughness of a new pipeline is 0.002. The flow is such that theReynolds Number is 20,000. If the relative roughness increases to 0.006, and theReynolds Number remains the same, which of the following is most likely?(A) Friction factor will decrease.(B) Friction factor will increase.(C) Friction factor will remain the same.(D) Head loss will remain the same.Refer to the Moody diagram:For Re 20,000 and πΞ€π· 0.002, π 0.030.For the same Reynolds number and πΞ€π· 0.006, π 0.036.Therefore, the friction factor will increase and the head loss will increase.
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review9. A 20-cm in diameter pipeline with a relative roughness of 0.01 has a total length of45 m. When water at 25ΒΊC is pumped through it at a rate of 5 m3/min, the majorhead loss, in m, is most nearly(A) 3(B) 10(C) 15(D) 201 ππππ3ΰ΅5ππππ60 π 2.65 πΞ€π π ππ΄0.20π 24ππΰ΅9972.65 πΞ€π 0.20π3πππ·ππ π 593719π0.00089πππ Therefore the flow is turbulent. From the Moody diagram, π 0.038.πΏ π2βπ π 3.06 ππ· 2π
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review10. Consider the free jet of an incompressible fluid flowing through an orifice fitted toa constant level tank as shown. Ignoring all losses, which of the following is a correctstatement about the magnitude of the initial velocity V of the jet?(A) V is directly proportional to the orifice diameter.(B) V is inversely proportional to the fluidβs density.(C) V is proportional to the square root of the depth h.(D) V is proportional to the square of the depth h.π1 π12π2 π22 π§1 π§2πΎ 2ππΎ 2ππ22β 2ππ 2πβ
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review11. Considering the flow of an incompressible fluid through a horizontal pipe, whichof the following is a correct statement?(A) The energy grade line is always parallel to the centerline of the pipeline.(B) The energy grade line is always above the hydraulic grade line.(C) The energy grade line is always horizontal.(D)The energy grade line is always parallel to the hydraulic grade line.
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review12. The schematic of a pumping system to pump water from a canal to an overheadstorage tank is shown. The total head loss of the system is to be 10% of the totalstatic head. If the pump is powered by a 5 kW motor at an efficiency of 85%, thepumping rate, in m3/min, is most nearly(A) 0.2(B) 0.6(C) 1.0(D) 2.0Total static head suction lift delivery head (3 m) (15 4)m 22 mTotal head loss 10% of 22 m 2.2 mTotal head added 22 m 2.2 m 24.2 mαΆππ3π 0.0179 π ΰ΅π πΎβ
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review13. The drag coefficient for a car with a frontal area of 28 ft2 is 0.32. Assuming thedensity of air to be 2.4x10-3 slugs/ft3, the drag force, in lbf, on this car when driven at60 mph against a head wind of 20 mph is most nearly(A) 37(B) 83(C) 148(D) 185Relative velocity 60 mph 20 mph 80 mph 117.3 ft/sπΆπ· ππ 2 π΄πΉπ· 20.32 148 ππππ ππ’ππ 2.4π₯10 3ΰ΅ππ‘ 32ππ‘117.3 ΰ΅π 228ππ‘ 2
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review14. The figure below shows a branched pipe network. A pressure gage justupstream of A reads 60 psi and a pressure gage just downstream of D reads 54 psi.The flow rates, diameters, and the lengths of the two branches are as follows:Branch ABDFlow rateQDiameterDLengthLBranch ACD2QDLWhich of the following is a true conclusion?(A) Pressure drop in branch ACD 4 psi(B)Pressure drop in branch ABD 2 psi(C)Pressure drop in branch ACD Pressure drop in branch ABD 6 psi(D)Pressure drop in branch ACD Pressure drop in branch ABD 3 psiIn a branched pipe network such as the one shown, the head loss is the same in each branch.Pressure drop in branch ABD 60 psi β 54 psi 6 psiPressure drop in branch ACD 60 psi β 54 psi 6 psi
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review15. The figure below shows a branched pipe network. The flow rates, diameters, thefriction factors, and the lengths of the two branches are as follows:Branch ABDFlow rateQDiameterDLengthLFriction factor f1Branch ACD2QDLf2Which of the following is a true conclusion?(A) f1 2f2(B) f1 4f2(C) f1 f2πΏ π12πΏ π22π1 π2π· 2ππ· 2ππΏ π/π΄ 2πΏ 2π/π΄π1 π2π· 2ππ· 2π2(D) f1 (1/2)f2
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review16. At a certain section in a pipeline, a reducer is used to reduce the diameter from2D gradually to diameter D. When an incompressible fluid flows through thispipeline, the velocity is V1 in the first section and V2 in the second section. Which ofthe following is a true conclusion?(A) V2 4V1(B) V2 2V1(C) V2 (1/2)V1From continuity equation, Q A1 V1 A2 V2πwhere, A1 area before reduction 2π·and A2 area after reduction π΄Thus, π2 π΄1 π1 4π1 .2π4π·422(D) V2 (1/4)V1 ππ·2
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review17. A 5-cm diameter pipeline is delivering water from a storage tank to an opencanal. The water level in the storage tank can be assumed to be at a constant heightof 12 m above the discharge point. Ignoring all losses, the discharge, in m3/min,under these conditions is most nearly(A) 0.03(B) 1.80(C) 7.35(D) 15.34π1 π12π2 π22 π§1 π§2πΎ 2ππΎ 2ππ2 2ππ§1 15.34 πΞ€π 3ππ2 π΄2 π2 4 π·2 π2 0.0301 π Ξ€π
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review18. An open tank contains brine to a depth of 2 m and a 3-m layer of oil on top of thebrine. Density of brine is 1,030 kg/m3 and the density of oil is 880 kg/m3. The gagepressure (kPa) at the bottom of the tank is most nearly(A) 4.7(B) 20.2(C) 25.6(D) 46.1In the brine layer, Ξπ ππβ 1030 ππΰ΅π3 9.81 πΞ€π 2 2π 20209 ππIn the oil layer, Ξπ ππβ 880 ππΰ΅π3 9.81 πΞ€π 2 3π 25898 ππGage pressure 20209 Pa 25898 Pa 46.1 kPa
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review19. A tank is filled with seawater to a depth of 12 ft. If the specific gravity of seawateris 1.03 and the atmospheric pressure at this location is 14.8 psi, the absolutepressure, in psi, at the bottom of the tank is most nearly(A) 5.4(B) 20.2(C) 26.8(D) 27.2πππππ ππβ ππΊπΎπ€ β 1.03 62.4πππΰ΅ππ‘ 2 5.36 ππ π πππ‘π πππππ 20.2 ππ ππππππ 771.3ππππ πππΰ΅ππ‘ 312 ππ‘
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review20. A Newtonian fluid flows under steady, laminar conditions through a circular pipeof diameter 0.16 m at a volumetric rate of 0.05 m3/s. Under these conditions, themaximum local velocity, in m/s, at a section is most nearly(A) 2.0(B) 2.5(C) 3.0πππ π 2.49 πΞ€π π΄π·24ππππ₯ 2π(D) 5.0
Fundamentals of Engineering Exam Review Other Disciplines FE Specifications Topic: Fluid Mechanics and Dynamics of Liquids 8-12 FE exam problems Exam Problem Numbers A. Fluid properties (e.g., Newtonian, non-Newtonian) 73, 77 B. Dimensionless numbers (e.g., Reynolds number, Froude number) C. Laminar and turbulent flow 74 D. Fluid statics 75
Fluid Mechanics Fluid Engineers basic tools Experimental testing Computational Fluid Theoretical estimates Dynamics Fluid Mechanics, SG2214 Fluid Mechanics Definition of fluid F solid F fluid A fluid deforms continuously under the action of a s
Fluid Mechanics 63 Chapter 6 Fluid Mechanics _ 6.0 Introduction Fluid mechanics is a branch of applied mechanics concerned with the static and dynamics of fluid - both liquids and gases. . Solution The relative density of fluid is defined as the rate of its density to the density of water. Thus, the relative density of oil is 850/1000 0.85.
Chapter 06 Fluid Mechanics _ 6.0 Introduction Fluid mechanics is a branch of applied mechanics concerned with the static and dynamics of fluid - both liquids and gases. The analysis of the behavior of fluids is based on the fundamental laws of mechanics, which relate continuity of
Applied Fluid Mechanics 1. The Nature of Fluid and the Study of Fluid Mechanics 2. Viscosity of Fluid 3. Pressure Measurement 4. Forces Due to Static Fluid 5. Buoyancy and Stability 6. Flow of Fluid and Bernoulli's Equation 7. General Energy Equation 8. Reynolds Number, Laminar Flow, Turbulent Flow and Energy Losses Due to Friction
Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics. 1 F. UNDAMENTALS OF . F. LUID . M. ECHANICS . 1.1 A. SSUMPTIONS . 1. Fluid is a continuum 2. Fluid is inviscid 3. Fluid is adiabatic 4. Fluid is a perfect gas 5. Fluid is a constant-density ο¬uid 6. Discontinuities (shocks, waves, vortex sheets) are treated as separate and serve as boundaries for continuous .
Business Ready Enhancement Plan for Microsoft Dynamics Customer FAQ Updated January 2011 The Business Ready Enhancement Plan for Microsoft Dynamics is a maintenance plan available to customers of Microsoft Dynamics AX, Microsoft C5, Microsoft Dynamics CRM, Microsoft Dynamics GP, Microsoft Dynamics NAV, Microsoft Dynamics SL, Microsoft Dynamics POS, and Microsoft Dynamics RMS, and
L M A B CVT Revision: December 2006 2007 Sentra CVT FLUID PFP:KLE50 Checking CVT Fluid UCS005XN FLUID LEVEL CHECK Fluid level should be checked with the fluid warmed up to 50 to 80 C (122 to 176 F). 1. Check for fluid leakage. 2. With the engine warmed up, drive the vehicle to warm up the CVT fluid. When ambient temperature is 20 C (68 F .
Motion of a Fluid ElementMotion of a Fluid Element 1. 1. Fluid Fluid Translation: The element moves from one point to another. 3. 3. Fluid Fluid Rotation: The element rotates about any or all of the x,y,z axes. Fluid Deformation: 4. 4. Angular Deformation:The element's angles between the sides Angular Deformation:The element's angles between the sides
