CONTACTS AND RESOURCES - City Of Whitehorse

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Guidelines forAlterations and Additionsto Dwellings in theChurchill Street PrecinctCHURCHILL STREET PRECINCTCONTACTS AND RESOURCESWhitehorse City CouncilTo determine whether your house is included in the Heritage Overlay or whether you need a planning permit contact:City of Whitehorse Planning Department379-397 Whitehorse Rd, NunawadingTel. (03) 9262 – 6303Further technical information and advice specifically related to how your property can be altered while retaining itsheritage significance can be obtained from the Heritage Advisor at the Council. Speak to a planner at the Council tomake an appointment.Other ContactsAs well as being able to inform you as to whether your dwelling is listed with them, the following organisations are goodsources of information regarding a range of heritage matters.Heritage Victoriaph: 9637 9475www.heritage.vic.gov.auDepartment for Environment & Heritageph: (02) 6274 2121www.deh.gov.auNational Trust of Australia (Victoria)ph: 9654 4711www.nattrust.com.auAboriginal Affairs Victoriaph: 9208 3333www.dvc.vic.gov.auRelevant Documents and Resources for assistanceAssociated Planning documents available from Council:1.2.3.4.5.6.The former City of Box Hill Heritage & Conservation Study, Andrew Ward & Associates, 1990.Nunawading Heritage Awareness Study, Context, 1994.City of Whitehorse Heritage Review, Allom Lovell & Associates, April 1999.City of Whitehorse Heritage Review, Andrew Ward and Associates, 2001.The Burra Charter: The Australia ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance 1999.Clause 22.11 of the Whitehorse Planning Scheme “Heritage Buildings and Precincts”.Sources of local historical information:1.History section of your local library; and2.Historical Societies:Box Hill Historical Society Inc.Heritage Centre, Box Hill Town HallPO Box 268, Box Hill 3128Ph. 9897 4167Burwood History GroupOld Burwood Primary School172 Burwood Highway, Burwood 3125Ph. 9808 5482Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.Local History Room, Schwerkolt Cottage& Museum ComplexDeep Creek Road, MitchamPO Box 271, Mitcham 3132Ph. 9873 4946Surrey Hills Historical Society Inc.Surrey Hills Neighbourhood Centre157 Union Road, Surrey Hills 3127Ph. 9849 11611

Guidelines forAlterations and Additionsto Dwellings in theChurchill Street PrecinctCHURCHILL STREET PRECINCTCHURCHILL STREET PRECINCT, MONT ALBERT, HO. 100Purpose of these GuidelinesThe purpose of these guidelines is to ensure that new work undertaken to places in the Churchill Street Precinct retainthe overall qualities, which contribute to the precinct’s cultural heritage significance and character.The key objective is to protect the significant views of the streetscape and character of the area as viewed by the localcommunity and general public.Council will use these guidelines, as well as the advice of its Heritage Advisor, when assessing town-planningapplications for development proposals within the heritage area. These Guidelines are used in conjunction with theCouncil’s Heritage Policy (Clause 22.11 of the Whitehorse Planning Scheme) and the State Heritage Overlay (Clause43.01 of the Whitehorse Planning Scheme).These guidelines are also to assist owners of heritage places in determining what may be acceptable in thedevelopment of their place.Properties included in the Churchill Street Precinct, Mont Albert20-76 Churchill Street427-433 Elgar Road2 Serpentine StreetFigure 1: Boundaries of the Churchill Street Precinct2

Guidelines forAlterations and Additionsto Dwellings in theChurchill Street PrecinctCHURCHILL STREET PRECINCTPrecinctsIn Whitehorse precincts have been identified for protection in the Heritage Overlay because they typically:contain residential building stock predominantly from the late nineteenth century to mid-twentieth century;retain historically important street layouts and subdivisions;display consistency of scale, height and materials;display a stylistic consistency; andcontain mainly historically or architecturally significant buildings which are substantially intact.In a precinct the relationship between the buildings is just as important as the individual buildings themselves. Thereforeretention of the streetscape appearance and views to enable an understanding of this relationship by the public is ofprime importance.Churchill Street Precinct Statement of SignificanceThe Churchill Street Precinct is of outstanding aesthetic significance. The precinct has the most intact streetscapes oflarge Edwardian and inter-War houses in the City of Whitehorse. The streetscapes are characterized by a uniformity ofscale, setback and materials. The houses within the precinct form an extraordinarily cohesive grouping of substantialupper middle class residences which display a wide range of interesting Arts and Crafts inspired architectural elements.The houses display a particularly high level of intactness.Characteristics of the precinctThe blocks are generally very large, with relatively wide frontages.The housing stock in the precinct dates predominantly from the first three decades of the twentieth century.As a whole, the buildings display a wide range of generally Arts and Crafts influences.Compositionally, the houses are generally asymmetrical, with complex plan and roof forms. Gabled roof forms arecommon with several houses having a dominant front gable.Single–storey houses predominate, but they are large and many have attics, some with semi-enclosed balconies.All houses are constructed of brick, but most also employ a number of other materials for decorative effect. Themost common roofing material is terracotta tiles.The landscape character of the precinct is informed both by the established private gardens, and by the streetplanting of plane trees in Churchill St.Few of the houses retain original front fences.The style guide on the following pages outlines the characteristics of the main styles which occur within the precinct.These common characteristics between the houses contribute to the cohesive streetscape value of the precinct.Figure 2: Federation house with Arts and Crafts detailing.3

Guidelines forAlterations and Additionsto Dwellings in theChurchill Street PrecinctCHURCHILL STREET PRECINCTBUILDING STYLES – EDWARDIAN / FEDERATION STYLEAsymmetrical facadesRoof often a combination of a hip and a projecting gable, usually30 degrees pitch, and galvanized corrugated iron.Verandah forms included sloped or curved.Timber fretwork to verandah, turned or plain timber posts.Rectangular timber framed, double hung or casement windows,often paired or in threes.Four panelled front doors, commonly with highlights andsidelights.Decorative timber joinery around openings.Eaves brackets, decorative gable infill and timber brackets towindow canopies.Chimneys – red brick, plain or with brick string courses and/orstrapping.Edwardian/Federation style keycharacteristicsFigure 3: EdwardianFederation differencesAsymmetrical with the emphasis on the overall form and threedimensional qualities rather than the front facade.Focus is often on the diagonal with a projecting gable or windowbay.Complex rooflines of intersecting hips and gables with tallchimneys.As well as timber walls with corrugated iron roofs, masonry orrender walls with terracotta Marseilles tiled roofs.Leadlighting.Figure 4: FederationKey alteration issuesBe careful not to copy decorative details from the original dwelling inthe addition as it detracts from the original details and obscures theunderstanding of the development of the building.Paint coloursWalls of Edwardian/Federation dwellings, if painted were yellow cream, ochre wash, cement render and a greater use ofbrowns. The predominant colour for joinery and details was red with cream, yellow ochre, dark brown and softer greentrims. The exterior details were often picked out in a combination of a light and dark tone. The two predominant colourschemes for this style were shades of green or shades of cream to buff.Typical fence stylesFigure 5: Typical Edwardian / Federation fence styles4

Guidelines forAlterations and Additionsto Dwellings in theChurchill Street PrecinctCHURCHILL STREET PRECINCTBUILDING STYLES – BUNGALOW STYLEBungalow style key characteristicsOne or more gables, either perpendicular or parallel to thestreet frontage, which dominate the overall form of the building,roof usually 25 degrees or steeper.Emphasis on the weight of the roof, by brackets, detailing to thelarge gable ends, including roughcast, timber shingles andstrapwork, also exposed rafter ends.Roofs clad in galvanized corrugated iron or tiled with cement orceramic tiles.Figure 6: California BungalowWalls often masonry and roughcast render, square edged orbull-nose weatherboards.Deep porches with flat roofs giving a horizontal emphasissupported by masonry pillars or grouped sturdy timber posts.Chimneys expressed externally as large masonry elements,face brick or roughcast with terracotta chimney pots.Timber framed windows often small and rectangular in form,casement or double hung with fixed panes, grouped in widebands.Front doors often glazed in top section and timber below.Leadlight common.Figure 7: California BungalowKey alteration issuesThe weight of the large tiled roofs does not easily permit theremoval of load bearing walls.Paint coloursExterior colour schemes of California Bungalows usually consisted of no more than two colours. Common colours forwoodwork were brown, cream and green. Rendered walls had a natural slurry unpainted finish or were painted an offwhite, beige or pale cream. There was often dark staining of timber rather than painting. Elaborate timberwork was notused on the exterior of these dwellings. Shingles, posts and trim were painted in the darker shade of the chosen schemeand rafters, fascia boards, bargeboards and panels were all painted in a lighter colour.Typical fence stylesFigure 8: Typical Bungalow fence styles5

Guidelines forAlterations and Additionsto Dwellings in theChurchill Street PrecinctCHURCHILL STREET PRECINCTALTERATIONS AND ADDITIONS – SITE AND PRECINCT ANALYSISSite and Building AnalysisBefore commencing a design for alterations you need to gain an understanding of the significance of your individualproperty, the elements which contribute to this significance, and its contribution to the streetscape value of the area.Understanding this can also assist in identifying areas of the site and building that can undergo alterations.The first step is determining whether your building is contributory or a non-contributory building to the heritage overlayprecinct.One of the key considerations in making alterations to a dwelling within a Heritage Overlay precinct is the effect thealteration will have on the streetscape. It is the streetscape view that is often the most important element to retain andalterations should aim to minimise visual intrusion on the streetscape. Alterations should not obscure the understandingand character of a heritage area. This includes the front view of your dwelling as well as setbacks, fences and kerbs.Consider view lines, which need to be protected to ensure the contributory elements of the place and adjoiningproperties, are not obscured.Figure 9: Identifying areas for adaptationThe aim should be to retain the character of the streetscape.6

Guidelines forAlterations and Additionsto Dwellings in theChurchill Street PrecinctCHURCHILL STREET PRECINCTALTERATIONS AND ADDITIONS – VISIBILITY OF ADDITIONSVisibility of alterationsAlterations to the front appearance of the building and significant roofline (visible from the street) should be avoided.Additions should have minimum visibility from the street. View lines need to be protected to ensure the contributoryelements of the place and adjoining properties are not obscured.Assessing the visibility of proposed additions from the street is one technique used to determine the likely impact aproposal will have on the significance of a building and heritage area. Where works are of negligible or no visibility fromthe street, they are considered to have little impact on the significance of the streetscape.The viewing lines in plan and elevation establish a suitable area for the addition from the heritage perspective. Normalbuilding and planning permit requirements, such as boundary setbacks will also apply.Side viewsTo determine the appropriate building envelope for an addition, which minimises visibility from the street, undertake thefollowing and refer to Figure 10accurately draw your dwelling and adjacent properties in plan noting setbacks.draw view lines from standing positions in the street past adjacent properties into your property.This will give an area of the site available for an addition that will minimise visibility from the street.Figure 10: Determines side sight linesHeight views.To determine the appropriate height of an addition, which minimises visibility from the street, undertake the following andrefer to Figure 11:accurately draw your dwelling and street in section noting heights of the existing building.draw view lines from eye level in the street over your existing roof form and to the rear of your property.This will give an appropriate height for a second storey Addition that will minimise visibility from the street.Figure 11: Sight lines drawn to determine visibility of the addition from the street7

Guidelines forAlterations and Additionsto Dwellings in theChurchill Street PrecinctCHURCHILL STREET PRECINCTALTERATIONS AND ADDITIONS - SCALE AND MASSINGIt is not always possible to add to a dwelling in a way that will not be seen from the street. The design of an addition,which is visible within a heritage area requires careful consideration. It must retain the visual dominance of the significantelements of the property and the significant aspects of the heritage precinct. Additions should be recessive to thesignificant dwelling and streetscape.This can be achieved by retaining existing setbacks and working within the building envelope as determined previously.Rear additionsA rear addition that is not visible from the street is the preferable option when considering adding to your significantdwelling. It will have less impact on the street elevation of the significant dwelling and the character of the heritage area.This also often allows for a larger scale addition, if the setback means that the existing building screens the impact. (SeeFigure 11)Connection of an additionMajor additions of a size comparable to or greater than, the existing building should be treated as a separate visual entityor should be provided with a visual break between the new and the old section. His can be achieved by using thefollowing methods:Set the new wall line back from the existing walls (Figure 12);Recess part of the wall or use a change in materials; orCreate a link building of a smaller scale between the old and the new sections (Figure 13).It may also be appropriate for the new addition to be lower in height so that it is under projecting eaves of the existingbuilding. (Figure 13)Figure 12: Side setbacks of additionFigure 13: Link to additionSide additionsSide setbacks to existing significant dwellings should be retained. Additions to the sides of existing sections of buildingsare strongly discouraged. Additions that encroach upon existing side setbacks are only allowable if set well back fromthe street elevation.Roof form of additionsThe appropriate roof for an addition depends on the style of the dwelling as well as how visible the addition will be fromthe street.Generally the most appropriate roof form for an addition that will be visible from the street is one that matches theexisting. The massing however should be smaller. Complex or numerous roof forms to additions should be avoided asthey are likely to visually dominate views to the significant streetscape.The existing roof form and in particular ridgeline visible from the street should not be altered by the addition.8

Guidelines forAlterations and Additionsto Dwellings in theChurchill Street PrecinctCHURCHILL STREET PRECINCTALTERATIONS AND ADDITIONS – SECOND STOREY ADDITIONAdding a second storeyMany traditional styles of dwellings can readily be adapted with anattic storey addition within the existing roof space. Most roofs of 30degrees pitch or greater should be checked for the capacity to includean attic storey. Federation style houses with their complex roofs areparticularly suitable. Where possible, place the attic windows to theside or rear of the dwelling.Figure 14. Good example of a second storeyaddition.If an attic storey is not possible, the addition of a second storey can be appropriate when there is sufficient space to sitethe addition well back from the street facade with minimal obtrusion on the significant fabric of the existing dwelling. Atwo storey rear addition can often be concealed from view behind the original, single storey frontage of a significantdwelling.The advantage of an addition hidden to the rear is that it offers greater design freedom. However, care must be takenwith the overall form and the materials as often oblique views are available even when most of the bulk is concealed.SetbacksThe second floor addition must not dominate the existing building as this willoverwhelm and obscure the significance of the building. To achieve this,second storey additions must be sited well back from the street facade. Thisshould also be behind the ridgeline of the main roof form of the existingdwelling.A setback from the side walls of the existing building is also required as inFigure 12. This creates subservient proportions for the second storey.Figure 15: Bad example of anaddition with no side setbacks.Major additions of a size comparable to, or greater than, the existing building should be treated as a separate visualentity. They may be joined by a link as shown in Figure 13.HeightThere is no specific height recommended for additions to heritage dwellings,as the main concern is minimal visibility from the street. Each case is individualand should take into consideration the following:The height and number of storeys of adjacent buildings. The additionshould not be higher than adjacent buildings in the street;Achieve minimal visibility of the addition from the street by designingwithin the building envelope determined by sight lines; andThe roof form of the significant section of the dwelling.Figure 16: Bad example of anaddition that overwhelms theexisting significant dwelling.The following methods could be used to reduce the overall height of your addition and will be considered by Council inassessing your design:Set down the floor level of the rear addition by using a concrete slab;Use minimal floor to ceiling heights. Ceiling heights can in a lot of cases be lower than in the original section; andProvide a raked ceiling line following the roofline to further reduce heights.9

Guidelines forAlterations and Additionsto Dwellings in theChurchill Street PrecinctCHURCHILL STREET PRECINCTWindows to second storey additionsProvision of windows to the street elevation of a second storey addition is not feasible in most cases. If the windows areto be successful they need to clear the ridgeline of the existing roof. To achieve this the addition will need to be higherand will consequently be more visible from the street. Window proportions required for these situations are ofteninappropriate. Windows for second storey additions should therefore be accommodated in the rear or side elevations ofadditions.ALTERATIONS AND ADDITIONS – DETAILSDistinguishing Old from NewGenerally, there are two main approaches that can be taken to the style of the addition. Firstly, an addition can be in asimilar style to the original building but with simplified details so it can be distinguished as new work. Another approach isto design the new work in a contemporary manner that relates to the existing section in terms of location, bulk, form andmaterials.In both cases, it is

Council’s Heritage Policy (Clause 22.11 of the Whitehorse Planning Scheme) and the State Heritage Overlay (Clause 43.01 of the Whitehorse Planning Scheme). These guidelines are also to assist owners of heritage places in determining what may be acceptable in the development of their place.

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