By Doug Lowe - Directory UMM

NetworkingFORDUMmIES‰7THby Doug LoweEDITION

NetworkingFORDUMmIES‰7THEDITION

NetworkingFORDUMmIES‰7THby Doug LoweEDITION

Networking For Dummies , 7th EditionPublished byWiley Publishing, Inc.111 River StreetHoboken, NJ 07030-5774Copyright 2005 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, IndianaPublished by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, IndianaPublished simultaneously in CanadaNo part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form orby any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permittedunder Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the CopyrightClearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests tothe Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4355, e-mail: brandreview@wiley.com.Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for theRest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com, and related tradedress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the UnitedStates and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are theproperty of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendormentioned in this book.LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: THE PUBLISHER AND THE AUTHOR MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THECONTENTS OF THIS WORK AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUTLIMITATION WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. NO WARRANTY MAY BE CREATED OR EXTENDED BY SALES OR PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS. THE ADVICE AND STRATEGIESCONTAINED HEREIN MAY NOT BE SUITABLE FOR EVERY SITUATION. THIS WORK IS SOLD WITH THEUNDERSTANDING THAT THE PUBLISHER IS NOT ENGAGED IN RENDERING LEGAL, ACCOUNTING, OROTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES. IF PROFESSIONAL ASSISTANCE IS REQUIRED, THE SERVICES OF ACOMPETENT PROFESSIONAL PERSON SHOULD BE SOUGHT. NEITHER THE PUBLISHER NOR THEAUTHOR SHALL BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES ARISING HEREFROM. THE FACT THAT AN ORGANIZATIONOR WEBSITE IS REFERRED TO IN THIS WORK AS A CITATION AND/OR A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF FURTHER INFORMATION DOES NOT MEAN THAT THE AUTHOR OR THE PUBLISHER ENDORSES THEINFORMATION THE ORGANIZATION OR WEBSITE MAY PROVIDE OR RECOMMENDATIONS IT MAYMAKE. FURTHER, READERS SHOULD BE AWARE THAT INTERNET WEBSITES LISTED IN THIS WORKMAY HAVE CHANGED OR DISAPPEARED BETWEEN WHEN THIS WORK WAS WRITTEN AND WHEN ITIS READ.For general information on our other products and services or to obtain technical support, please contactour Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 800-762-2974, outside the U.S. at 317-572-3993, or fax317-572-4002.Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print maynot be available in electronic books.Library of Congress Control Number: 2004107904ISBN: 0-7645-7583-XManufactured in the United States of America10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 17O/SQ/RQ/QU/IN

About the AuthorDoug Lowe has written a whole bunch of computer books, including morethan 35 For Dummies books (such as PowerPoint 2003 For Dummies, Word 2003All-In-One Desk Reference For Dummies, Networking All-In-One Desk ReferenceFor Dummies, and Internet Explorer 6 For Dummies). He lives in that sunnyAll-American City of Fresno, California, which isn’t nearly as close to SanFrancisco as most people think, with his wife and two of his daughters(the other one’s away at college). He’s one of those obsessive-compulsivedecorating nuts who puts up tens of thousands of lights at Christmas andcreates computer-controlled Halloween decorations that rival Disney’sHaunted Mansion. Maybe his next book should be Tacky Holiday DecorationsFor Dummies. (For pictures, check out his Web site at www.LoweWriter.com.)

DedicationTo Debbie, Rebecca, Sarah, and Bethany.Author’s AcknowledgmentsThe list of thank-yous for this book is long and goes back several years. I’dlike to first thank John Kilcullen, David Solomon, Janna Custer, Erik Fafforn,Grag Robertson, and Ray Marshall for all of their help with the first edition.Those who worked on subsequent editions include Tim Gallan, Mary Goodwin,Joe Salmeri, Jennifer Ehrlich, Constance Carlisle, and Jamey L. Marcum,Jeanne S. Criswell, Ted Cains, Jamey L. Marcum, Danna Lesh, RebekahMancilla, Becky Huehls, Amy Pettinella, Suzanne Thomas, Garret Pease,and Andrea Boucher. Each of these people made valuable contributionsto the content, readability, and accuracy that have paved the way for thecurrent edition.Now, for the seventh edition, I’d like to thank project editor ChristopherMorris, who did a great job overseeing all the editorial work that was requiredto put this book together. I’d also like to thank Dan DiNicolo, who once againgave the entire manuscript a thorough technical look-through and offeredmany excellent suggestions, and copy editor Barry Childs-Helton, who maidsure there whir know spelling hair ores. And, as always, thanks to all thebehind-the-scenes people who chipped in with help I’m not even aware of.Oh, and I’d also like to thank Becca Freeman. She didn’t have anything todo with this book, but I thought it would make her happy to see her namein print.

Publisher’s AcknowledgmentsWe’re proud of this book; please send us your comments through our online registration formlocated at www.dummies.com/register/.Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following:Acquisitions, Editorial, andMedia DevelopmentCompositionProject Editor: Christopher MorrisAcquisitions Editor: Melody LayneSenior Copy Editor: Barry Childs-HeltonTechnical Editor: Dan DiNicoloEditorial Manager: Kevin KirschnerMedia Development Specialist: Angela DennyMedia Development Manager:Laura VanWinkleProject Coordinator: Erin SmithLayout and Graphics: Andrea Dahl,Lauren Goddard, Denny Hager,Joyce Haughey, Michael Kruzil,Heather Ryan, Rashell Smith,Julie TrippettiProofreaders: Laura Albert, John Greenough,Carl William Pierce, TECHBOOKSProduction ServicesIndexer: TECHBOOKS Production ServicesMedia Development Supervisor:Richard GravesEditorial Assistant: Amanda FoxworthCartoons: Rich Tennant, www.the5thwave.comPublishing and Editorial for Technology DummiesRichard Swadley, Vice President and Executive Group PublisherAndy Cummings, Vice President and PublisherMary Bednarek, Executive Editorial DirectorMary C. Corder, Editorial DirectorPublishing for Consumer DummiesDiane Graves Steele, Vice President and PublisherJoyce Pepple, Acquisitions DirectorComposition ServicesGerry Fahey, Vice President of Production ServicesDebbie Stailey, Director of Composition Services

Contents at a GlanceIntroduction .1Part I: Getting Started with Networking .7Chapter 1: Networks Will Not Take Over the World, and OtherNetwork Basics .9Chapter 2: Life on the Network .21Chapter 3: Using a Network Printer .33Chapter 4: Sharing Your Files and Printers .45Chapter 5: Mr. McFeeley’s Guide to E-mail .51Chapter 6: Using Microsoft Office on a Network .61Part II: Building Your Own Network .67Chapter 7: The Bad News: You Have to Plan Ahead .69Chapter 8: Understanding Network Operating Systems .87Chapter 9: Oh, What a Tangled Web We Weave: Cables, Adapters,and Other Stuff .103Chapter 10: Setting Up a Wireless Network .129Chapter 11: Configuring Client Computers .147Part III: Network Management For Dummies .159Chapter 12: Help Wanted: Job Description for a Network Administrator .161Chapter 13: Big Brother’s Guide to Network Security .173Chapter 14: If I Could Save Time in a Bottleneck: Optimizing YourNetwork’s Performance .189Chapter 15: How to Sleep Well at Night (Or, Backing Up Your Network Data) .199Chapter 16: Major Annoyances .213Chapter 17: Network Troubleshooting .223Chapter 18: How to Stay on Top of Your Network and Keep the UsersOff Your Back .239Part IV: Network Operating Systems .245Chapter 19: Windows Server 2003 .247Chapter 20: NetWare 6 and 6.5 .275Chapter 21: Using a Linux Server .297Chapter 22: Macintosh Networking .315

Part V: TCP/IP and the Internet .321Chapter 23: Connecting Your Network to the Internet .323Chapter 24: Understanding IP Addresses .331Chapter 25: Configuring Your Network for DHCP .345Part VI: The Part of Tens .353Chapter 26: Ten Big Network Mistakes .355Chapter 27: Ten Networking Commandments .361Chapter 28: Ten Things You Should Keep in Your Closet .365Chapter 29: Ten Network Gizmos Only Big Networks Need .369Chapter 30: Ten Layers of the OSI Model .377Index .383

Table of ContentsIntroduction .1About This Book .1How to Use This Book .2What You Don’t Need to Read .3Foolish Assumptions .3How This Book Is Organized .3Part I: Getting Started with Networking .4Part II: Building Your Own Network .4Part III: Network Management For Dummies .4Part IV: Network Operating Systems .4Part V: TCP/IP and the Internet .5Part VI: The Part of Tens .5Icons Used in This Book .5Where to Go from Here .6Part I: Getting Started with Networking .7Chapter 1: Networks Will Not Take Over the World, and OtherNetwork Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9What Is a Network? .10Why Bother? .12Servers and Clients .13Dedicated Servers and Peers .14The NOS Choice .15What Makes a Network Tick? .16It’s Not a Personal Computer Anymore! .17The Network Manager .19What Have They Got That You Don’t Got? .20Chapter 2: Life on the Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Distinguishing between Local Resources and Network Resources .21What’s in a Name? .22Logging On to the Network .23Understanding Shared Folders .25Oh, the Network Places You’ll Go .26Mapping Network Drives .28

xiiNetworking For Dummies, 7th EditionFour Good Uses for a Shared Folder .29Use it to store files that everybody needs .29Use it to store your own files .30Use it as a pit stop for files on their way to other users .30Use it to back up your local hard drive .31Using a Network Printer .31Logging Off the Network .32Chapter 3: Using a Network Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33What’s So Special about Network Printing? .34A printer in every port .34Printer configuration .35Spooling and the print queue .37What is a print job? .38Adding a Network Printer .38Using a Network Printer .40Playing with the Print Queue .41Using Windows Print Queue Tricks .42What to Do When the Printer Jams .43Chapter 4: Sharing Your Files and Printers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45Enabling File and Printer Sharing .45Sharing a Hard Drive or Folder .47Sharing a Printer .49Chapter 5: Mr. McFeeley’s Guide to E-mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51E-mail and Why It’s So Cool .51Sending and receiving e-mail .52Understanding the mail server .53Microsoft Outlook .54Sending e-mail .54Reading your e-mail .56Dealing with attachments .57E-mail Etiquette .57Chapter 6: Using Microsoft Office on a Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61Installing Office on a Network — Some Options .62Accessing Network Files .62Using Workgroup Templates .64Networking an Access Database .66Part II: Building Your Own Network .67Chapter 7: The Bad News: You Have to Plan Ahead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69Making a Network Plan .69Being Purposeful .70