Sanitary Survey Report For Shellfish Growing Area A0Remote .
NJ Department of Environmental ProtectionWater Monitoring and StandardsSanitary Survey Report for Shellfish Growing Area A0Remote(Absecon Inlet to Beach Haven Terrace)December 2014State of New JerseyChris Christie, GovernorKim Guadagno, Lt. GovernorNJ Department of Environmental ProtectionBob Martin, CommissionerBob Martin, CommissionerKim Guadagno, Lt. Governor
Sanitary Survey Report for Shellfish Growing Area A0Remote(Absecon Inlet to Beach Haven Terrace)New Jersey Department of Environmental ProtectionWater Resources ManagementDaniel Kennedy, Assistant CommissionerWater Monitoring and StandardsPatricia Gardner, DirectorBureau of Marine Water MonitoringBruce Friedman, Bureau ChiefDecember 20142000 - 2009Report Prepared by:Mike CurtisEnvironmental Specialist 3Acknowledgements:This report was written under the direction of Patricia Gardner, Director and Bruce Friedman, Bureau Chief. Mike Kusmieszassisted in the collection and storage of statistical and GIS data used in analysis. Special acknowledgment is given toCaptain Hayek for perseverance in collecting shellfish water quality samples (for A0Remote – An Atlantic Ocean ShellfishGrowing Area) during the time frame discussed in this report. This study would not have been completed without theanalytical capabilities of our microbiology laboratory staff including Lisa DiElmo, Elena Heller, Carrie Lloyd, BobSeabrook, and Abolade Oyelade (advanced microbiology lab), along with our chemistry laboratory staff including EricErnst, Dawn Thompson, and Bill Heddendorf (interim supervisor – microbiology and chemistry labs), with overallsupervision by Bob Schuster, Interim Section Chief.Cover Photo – From the Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge – Brigantine Unit, Oceanville, NJ
TABLE OF CONTENTSEXECUTIVE SUMMARY1GROWING AREA PROFILE2LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION2GROWING AREA CLASSIFICATION SUMMARY3EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES4SHORELINE SURVEY: EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL POLLUTION SOURCES5LAND USE6SURFACE WATER DISCHARGES – TREATMENT FACILITY WASTEWATER EFFLUENTS7SPILLS, UNPERMITTED DISCHARGES, AND CLOSURES9STORMWATER DISCHARGES9WATER QUALITIES STUDIES11SAMPLING STRATEGY11BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY13Compliance with NSSP APC Approved CriteriaRainfall Effects1313RELATED STUDIES14NutrientsPhytoplankton MonitoringCooperative Coastal RATURE CITED19SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION20i
EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe water quality in the 15 Nautical Miles of Atlantic Ocean from Absecon Inlet in AtlanticCounty to Beach Haven Terrace in Ocean County (Shellfish Growing Area A0Remote) isconsistent with its current Approved classification. As the waters of A0Remote (38,549 acres)are classified in their entirety as Approved, the criteria used for shellfish growing waterclassification review in this Sanitary Survey is based solely on Approved water classification (seefigure that follows). The State of New Jersey 2009 Shellfish Growing Water ClassificationCharts (i.e., 10 – 12) also provide an excellent tool for viewing the location and classification forA0Remote (see www.state.nj.us/dep/wms/bmw).The data included in this report represents samplescollected between May 2000 and April 2009. Analysisof the data indicates the waters of A0Remote met allcriteria for its current classification. It should be notedthat these ocean shellfish growing waters do notcontain any point sources of contamination althoughA0Remote is flanked by point sources to the South(Atlantic County Utilities Authority – WastewaterTreatment Facility Discharge Pipe) and North (OceanCounty Utilities Authority – Southern Water PollutionControl Facility Discharge Pipe). Further, A0Remoteis not detectably affected by non-point sources.The lack of point and non-point sources incombination with acceptable water quality support theApproved shellfish growing water classificationcurrently in effect and qualifies this section ofcoastline for its Remote Status designation. As such,the National Shellfish Sanitation Program’s (NSSP) Guide for the Control of Molluscan Shellfishsuggests that a minimum of 2 samples shall be collected annually and an analysis of the mostrecent 15 samples be undertaken to maintain an area with Remote Status designation.A Remote Status area, by NSSP definition, allows for a water sampling frequency reduction(minimum of two samples yearly as opposed to five) while removing concern for any publichealth consequences due to the proven quality of the samples analyzed over time. This enablesvaluable sampling resources to be concentrated in areas containing pollution sources. WithA0Remote, acceptable water quality prevails as noted within this report. At this time, there areno changes recommended for the classification of this shellfish growing area.1
GROWING AREA PROFILELOCATION AND DESCRIPTIONThe ocean shellfish growing waters discussed inthis report include approximately 15 miles ofcoastline (see figure on right) from the north sideof Absecon Inlet in the south to Beach HavenTerrace in the north, and offshore to the State’sthree (3) mile jurisdictional limit (Please Note:all references to “miles” in this report are inNautical Measure, whereby, one Nautical Mileequates to 6,086 feet).About half of the land comprising the adjoiningbeachfront of A0Remote is part of the Edwin B.Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge. As a result,there is relatively little impact from this area asstorm water and treatment facility infrastructureis absent within the coastal composition of thewildlife refuge. The area that comprises the Cityof Brigantine (Brigantine) and a portion of thecommunities belonging to Long Beach Island,make up the remainder of coastal A0Remote.These urban locations are primarily comprisedof residential homes. Commercial properties inthese areas are relatively limited.As previously mentioned, there are no direct or point sources of pollution associated with thewaters of A0Remote. The closest direct sources would be the Atlantic County Utilities Authority(ACUA) – Wastewater Treatment Facility discharge pipe, situated 3.68 Nautical Miles to thesouth of the northern side of Absecon Inlet, where A0Remote begins. To the north, the OceanCounty Utilities Authority (OCUA) – Southern Water Pollution Control Facility discharge pipeis situated 4.88 Nautical Miles from Beach Haven Terrace or the northern extent of A0Remote.Based on sampling results, these outfalls have no significant impact on the bacterial levels of thewaters of A0Remote. Lack of impact can be attributed to the significant distance between thisgrowing area and the above mentioned outfalls. This distance provides for considerable dilutionto the effluent produced by the treatment facilities.Rainfall runoff provides little impact to the water quality of this shellfish growing area asstormwater drainage is directed toward the bayside. Any waters having been impacted bystormwater runoff on the bayside of Long Beach Island or Brigantine are substantially dilutedbefore exiting the Absecon and Beach Haven Inlets and entering the ocean waters of A0Remote.2
GROWING AREA CLASSIFICATION SUMMARYIn a 1994 report for A0Remote covering the time frame 1991 to 1993, it was recommended thisshellfish growing area be designated as having Remote Status. Remote Status, as suggested inNSSP’s shellfish guide, is applicable for shellfish growing waters which are not impacted by anyactual or potential pollution sources, and those waters meet Approved classification criteria. Thestations within A0Remote have had a continuous record of satisfying NSSP criteria for RemoteStatus both then and now.The last report written for Shellfish Growing Area A0Remote was a 2007 Reappraisal (rewrittenDec. 2014) covering the years 1998 – 2006. The shellfish growing waters under analysis asA0Remote met the NSSP's criteria for Approved in that report, as well.All such reviews have determined that there are no direct source inputs to the waters of thisshellfish growing area. And, water quality represented by monitoring data suggests stormwaterrunoff, which is generally directed to the bayside in this area, appears to receive substantialdilution before reaching the ocean shellfish growing waters of A0Remote.In the 2007 Reappraisal for A0Remote, it was decided that the area's Approved shellfish growingwater classification would remain in effect and that this growing area’s Remote Statusdesignation should be continued. The information contained within this Sanitary Survey for theyears, 2000 – 2009 will contend the same, as there are no changes recommended for A0Remote.The shellfish growing water classifications by percentage and acreage are shown in the figuresbelow.3
EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL RESOURCESHistorically, Approved ocean waters have been used for harvesting surf clams (Spisulasolidissima) and blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) by dredge boats licensed by the Division of Fishand Wildlife. Surf clams (for bait purposes only – non-human consumption) can also beharvested from Prohibited areas under a special program administered by WM&S/BMWM andenforced by the Division of Fish and Wildlife.In addition to being the State’s largest molluscan fishery (i.e., regarding lbs. landed), NewJersey’s surf clam fishery historically leads all other surf clamming states in total annuallandings, and continues to do so according to the most recently released statistics from NOAA’sNational Marine Fisheries Service. The table below denotes commercial landings in pounds ofmeat and ex-vessel value for New Jersey surf clams from 1993 through 2009.Commercial Data for Surf Clams Showing Pounds of Meat and Ex-vessel Value for New Jersey Landings(1993 - 2009). Source: NOAA - National Marine Fisheries ServiceYearLbs. of Surf Clams LandedEx-vessel Value199347,978,097 21,802,735199448,572,236 26,840,477199546,329,437 27,443,281199648,740,881 28,983,170199745,603,401 27,168,453199844,751,327 23,060,750199949,299,900 25,371,922200058,047,629 31,371,354200152,872,341 29,326,676200253,590,740 29,172,373200351,336,955 27,431,645200443,521,704 22,284,335200538,967,993 20,028,662200643,643,726 25,106,785200744,791,212 26,546,602200839,346,425 24,349,551200932,893,521 20,568,576Since New Jersey’s surf clam industry is at the national forefront in total landings, monitoring,management, and conservation of this resource is very important to the State. In this regard, theNew Jersey Surf Clam Advisory Committee, comprised of industry and governmentrepresentatives, in conjunction with the Commissioner for the New Jersey Department of4
Environmental Protection, sets the quotas for harvest. A brief history of those quotas and theocean bi-valves with the largest landings for the State are shown in the tables that follow.New Jersey Surf Clam Quotas in Industry Bushels by Year (1996 – 2009). Source: New Jersey Department ofEnvironmental Protection, Bureau of ShellfisheriesSurf Clam Harvest Year1996 - 1997Surf Clam Quotas in Industry Bushels600,0001997 - 1998600,0001998 - 1999700,0001999 - 2000700,0002000 - 2001700,0002001 - 2002600,0002002 - 2003600,0002003 - 2004275,0002004 - 2005350,0002005 - 2006237,0002006 - 2007240,0002007 - 2008198,0002008 - 200958,368Ocean Bi-Valves w/ Largest Landings Reported for New Jersey (0 - 3 Miles Distance from Shore highlighted in yellow)DISTANCE FROM N. J. SHORE0 - 3 MILES3 - 200 MILESCOMMON BI-VALVENAMEPounds ofMeat(000)Dollars(000)Pounds ofMeat(000)Surf Clam7,9594,641Sea Scallops56497Ocean Quahog2,1411,104-- TOTALS --10,1566,242HIGH SEASCOMBINED TOTALSDollars(000)Pounds ofMeat(000)Dollars(000)Total Pounds ofMeat(000)TotalDollars(000)Price/Pound ofMeat17,13011,370--25,08916,011 .6414,098108,492--14,155108,990 7.7011,3076,775--13,4487,878 .5942,535126,637--52,692132,879Adapted from: Landings by Distance from U.S. Shores, 2010, State of New Jersey, National Marine Fisheries Service - Fisheries Statistics and EconomicsDivision - Report printed on: 02/27/13* No Data AvailableSHORELINE SURVEY: EVALUATION OF POTENTIALPOLLUTION SOURCESShoreline surveys or site specific tours of areas nearby or abutting shellfish growing waters canprovide insight as to the location and nature of land use, surface water discharges, marinas,unpermitted discharges, and stormwater inputs. Shoreline surveys for A0Remote were conducted5
on July 09, 2010 and November 19, 2010. The following sections detail information derivedcollectively from those surveys, and any that preceded them.LAND USEAreas for new development are generally limited within the municipalities or boroughs abuttingA0Remote as much of the land that could be used for such projects has already been developed.Under normal circumstances, some new construction projects do take place in areas wherehomes are torn down and new homes are constructed. And, there are some new home projectstaking place on previously vacant land. In addition, many of the homes and businesses withincoastal A0Remote do undergo reconstruction and refurbishment from time to time.Impact from construction is unlikely though due to the nature of the land and water abutting andsurrounding this shellfish growing area. Construction projects bordering on eco-sensitive areassuch as those in A0Remote are required by local, state, and federal regulations to utilize specificsetbacks and buffers as a means of protecting flora and fauna specific to wetland, riparian, orestuarine locations. The use of these buffers can never be understated as their utilization suggestsconstruction is unlikely to severely impact surrounding natural ecosystems.Aside from contributing to productivity, wetland and estuarine zones provide valuable habitat formany marine species during some point of their life cycle. In addition, some plant species withinthese zones take up contaminants from the ecosystem.Large areas of wetlands and coastal vegetation can be found in close proximity to urbandevelopment in A0Remote. The largest of these areas are located in the Brigantine and Holgateunits of the Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (i.e., northern Brigantine and southernLong Beach Island), as shown in the above maps.6
The lands adjacent to Shellfish Growing Area A0Remote can geophysically be described asbarrier islands. The predominant land use on these barrier islands is urban.There are a number of mainlandcommunities situated just to thewest of A0Remote, as shown in thefigure to the right.Presently,WM&S/BMWM water qualitytestingshowsthatthesecommunities have minimal impacton the waters of this growing areawith regard to their Although homes along coastalA0Remote utilize the wastewatertreatment facilities associated withACUA and OCUA’s southern plant,there are pockets of homes thatutilize septic systems within thenearbyPinelands.Septicisprimarily utilized in areas of lowerpopulation density. Generally, theavailability for access to city sewageinfrastructure is less likely in theseareas. There are always concernsregarding nutrient loading andelevated coliform levels withinwatershedsnearcommunitiesutilizing septic.However, thedistance from these communities tothis growing area provides a safetyzone for dilution.SURFACE WATER DISCHARGES – TREATMENT FACILITYWASTEWATER EFFLUENTSEvaluation and compliance of shellfish growing areas is ascertained using NSSP criteria ascontained in the Guide for the Control of Molluscan Shellfish, 2013. Interaction between theState and treatment plants is important in determining plant efficiency, which integrally relates tothe eventual effluent quality discharged into ocean waters off the coast of New Jersey. Stateeffluent standards for direct discharge, and treatment facility wastewater effluent dischargelocations near A0Remote are shown in the table and figure on the next page.7
Effluent Standards for Direct Discharge to Surface Water from Publicly/Privately Owned WastewaterTreatment Facilities – NJPDES Permit Regulations (7:14A – 12.2 – 12.5)Avg. BOD5 Level/Wk.Avg. BOD5 Level/Mo.Avg. BOD5 % Removal/ Mo. 45 mg/L 30 mg/L 85%or Avg. CBOD5 Level/Wk.or Avg. CBOD5 Level/Mo.or Avg. CBOD5 % Removal/ Mo. 40 mg/L 25 mg/L 85%Avg. TSS Level/Wk.Avg. TSS Level/Mo.Avg. TSS % Removal/ Mo. 45 mg/L 30 mg/L 85% 400 MPN/100 mL 200 MPN/100 mLGeo. Mean FC/Wk.Geo. Mean FC/Mo.Sewage from communities adjacent ornear A0Remote is carried towastewater treatment facilities bysanitary sewers. In the case ofBrigantine, sewage is treated by theAtlantic County Utilities Authority –Wastewater Treatment Facility (ACUA– WTF) for eventual ocean dischargeoff Ventnor (south of Brigantine andA0Remote).Beach Haven Terrace and communitiessouth through Holgate on Long BeachIsland, utilize the Ocean CountyUtilities Authority – Southern WaterPollution Control Facility (OCUASWPCF). Effluent from OCUA’ssouthern facility is ultimately disposedof off Ship Bottom (north of BeachHaven Terrace and A0Remote).No effluent is discharged into the shellfish growing waters of A0Remote. The effluent dischargelines and outfalls for the above mentioned treatment facilities are located 3.68 to 4.88 nauticalmiles outside the borders of A0Remote.Recent site visitations and current information for the above treatment facilities suggests thatthey are able to and can operate efficiently with regard to design, current population demands,and emergency events (e.g., storm situations – plant/operator failure). More specific evaluationsfor these plants can be found in reports for A0South and A0Cent, as the ACUA and OCUAtreatment facilities can respectively be found in those shellfish growing areas. A0South andA0Cent reports can be found at www.state.nj.us/dep/wms/bmw.8
SPILLS, UNPERMITTED DISCHARGES, AND CLOSURESThe map to the right shows the location of spills orunpermitted discharges that occurred in areas that haverelative proximity to the A0Remote coastal boundary.These occurrences were reported within the time frame thatthis report was written. These spills or unpermitteddischarges did not result in the closure of waters inshellfish growing area A0Remote.Leaks or spills that do take place within New Jersey’sshellfish growing waters are often the result of a variety ofcircumstances such as boats sinking; issues with sewagetreatment plants such as pump station failure, broken sewerlines, sewer line back up, manhole overflow, broken pipesin commercial or residential locations, improper run offfrom commercial or residential locations, construction, androad runoff.Often, the spills or unpermitted discharges noted above have limited impact on the chemical orbacteriological water quality in a shellfish growing area like A0Remote. Generally, the spills anddischarges are rather small, and their distance to these shellfish growing waters is such thatimpact is reduced from dilution, percolation, and absorption. From the perspective of this report,which is generally founded on bacteriological results for fecal coliform, WM&S/BMWM stationdata for A0Remote continue to show good water quality. Again, no specific spill or dischargebrought about the closure of shellfish growing waters for A0Remote during this reporting period.STORMWATER DISCHARGESEnvironmental pressures on shellfish beds in New Jerseycan originate in materials that enter growing waters viastormwater. These materials include bacteria, as well asother waste that enters the stormwater collection system.Management of stormwater runoff along this section ofcoastline (adjacent to A0Remote) consists of directingflow into rivers and back bays (away from the ocean), asshown in the map to the right.As suggested in the section on Land Use, shorelinesurveys were conducted for A0Remote during July 2010and November 2010. The field work conducted duringthose surveys continued to be supportive of past surveys,in that it validated statements in previous reportssuggesting stormwater runoff is extremely limited in itspotential to impact A0Remote due to dilution,percolation, and absorption.9
For
The last report written for Shellfish Growing Area A0Remote was a 2007 Reappraisal (rewritten Dec. 2014) covering the years 1998 – 2006. The shellfish growing waters under analysis as A0Remote met the NSSP's criteria for Approved in that report, as well.
Shellfish Growing Water Classifications by Percentage and Acreage - Shellfish Growing Area A0North Approved, 13.30% or 3,695 Acres Prohibited, 86.70% or 24,086 Acres There is a direct source input into this shellfish growing area. This comes from the outfall for the Monmouth County Bayshore Outfall Authority discharge pipe.
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