MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTOR - Wymc
MESSAGE FROM THE DIRECTORThe TMCEC Bench Book project is designed as a quick reference for judges serving in the Texasmunicipal courts. This is the 4th edition of this publication. The original version was printed in 1996 andmade possible through the contributions of the following volunteers:Mr. W. Clay Abbott, Assistant District Attorney, LubbockThe Honorable Sam Alfano, Municipal Court Judge, City ofHoustonThe Honorable Toni Baggett, Presiding Judge, City ofPlanoThe Honorable Robert Beasly, Presiding Judge, City ofGarlandMr. James Bethke - Special Counsel to Trial Courts,Office of Court Administration, AustinMr. Charles Bubany, George Herman Mahon Professor,Texas Tech University School of LawProfessor Robert O. Dawson, Professor of Law,University of TexasMr. Robert Flowers, Executive Director, TexasCommission on Judicial Conduct (Retired)Ms. Sylvia Garcia, Former Presiding Judge, City ofHoustonThe Honorable Allen Gilbert, Presiding Judge, City of SanAngeloMr. Nigel Gusdorf, Attorney at Law, AustinMs. Rosie Hernandez, Secretary, City of HoustonThe Honorable Vonciel Jones Hill, Municipal Court Judge,City of DallasThe Honorable Don Higginbotham, Former PresidingJudge, City of GeorgetownMr. Ken Johnson, Assistant City Attorney, City of OdessaMs. Joan Kennerly, Assistant City Attorney, City of IrvingMs. Hope Lochridge, Executive Director, TMCECThe Honorable Kevin Madison, Presiding Judge, Cities ofCedar Park and Lakeway, Villages of Briarcliff and BeeCaveThe Honorable Mike McCormick, Presiding Judge, Courtof Criminal AppealsMs. Jade Meeker, Attorney at Law, AustinMr. Mark Muellerweiss, Assistant Attorney, City of HoustonMs. Stella Ortiz Kyle, Former Presiding Judge, City of SanAntonioThe Honorable Ana Otero, Municipal Court Judge, City ofHoustonThe Honorable David Perkins, Presiding Judge, City ofNew BraunfelsThe Honorable Joe Pirtle, Presiding Judge, City ofSeabrookThe Honorable Edwin L. Presley, Presiding Judge, Citiesof Benbrook and Westworth VillageThe Honorable Virgil A. Richard, Municipal Court Judge,City of Harker HeightsThe Honorable Robert Richter, Jr., Municipal Court Judge,City of Missouri CityMs. Margaret Robbins, Program Director, TMCECThe Honorable Phil Sanders, Former Municipal CourtJudge, City of AustinMr. Marshall Shelsy, Staff Attorney, Harris CountyCriminal Courts at Law, City of HoustonMr. Jean Shotts, Assistant City Attorney, City of GarlandThe Honorable John Smith, Municipal Court Judge, City ofSan AntonioThe Honorable Robin Smith, Presiding Judge, City ofMidlandThe Honorable Charles Thorn, Presiding Judge, City ofNorth Richland HillsThe Honorable John Wildenthal, Municipal Court Judge,City of HoustonThe Honorable Steven Williamson, Municipal Court Judge,City of Fort WorthLikewise, we are indebted to the Texas Municipal Courts Association’s Board of Directors and members fortheir support of the TMCEC program, as well as the Court of Criminal Appeals. In particular, we appreciatethe support of Judge Sharon Keller, the Presiding Judge and Judicial Liaison from the Court of CriminalAppeals.And finally, this publication was made possible through the efforts and determination of Clay Abbott(TMCEC General Counsel), Ryan Turner (TMCEC Program Attorney), Margaret Robbins (TMCEC ProgramDirector), Patricia Russo (TMCEC Program Assistant II), and Elizabeth Price (Publications Coordinator)who were responsible for the revision of this project. TMCEC also expresses appreciation to Judge LamarMcCorkle and the contributors to the Texas Code of Judicial Conduct Adopted, as this publication wasused to update Chapter One of this bench book. This work should prove to be a valuable tool for themunicipal court judges of this state in fulfilling their responsibilities and duties on the bench.Austin, TexasFall 2001Hope Lochridge, Executive DirectorTexas Municipal Courts Education Centeri
TABLE OF CONTENTSTable of Contents . iiChecklist Location Table . viAbbreviations . ixTable of Cases . x. .Chapter 1Judicial Conduct . 1-1Preamble . 1-1Canon 1 - Upholding the Integrity and Independenceof the Judiciary . 1-2Canon 2 - Avoiding Impropriety and the Appearance ofImpropriety in All of the Judge’s Activities . 1-4Canon 3 - Performing the Duties of Judicial Office Impartiallyand Diligently . 1-29Canon 4 - Conducting the Judge’s Extra-Judicial Activitiesto Minimize the Risk of Conflict with Judicial Obligations . 1-47Canon 5 - Refraining from Inappropriate Political Activity. 1-70Canon 6 - Compliance with the Code of Judicial Conduct. 1-78Canon 7 - Effective Date of Compliance. 1-85Canon 8 - Construction and Terminology of the Code . 1-86Chapter 2Magisterial Duties . 2-1Adult “Magistration”:Magistrate’s Warning for Adult, Art. 15.17, C.C.P. 2-1When Bail May be Denied or Delayed. 2-11When the Defendant Must be Released. 2-13, 2-14Requisites of a Bail Bond . 2-16Requisites of a Personal Bond . 2-18When Bail May be Raised, Changed, or Forfeited . 2-22Magistrate’s Order for Emergency Protection. 2-23Appointment of Counsel - When the Right Attaches. 2-28Examining Trial . 2-29Mental Impairments. Examination of Defendant in Custody Suspectedof Having Mental Illness or Mental Retardation, Art. 16.22, C.C.P. . 2-32Tow Hearings . 2-35Chapter 3Search and Arrest Warrants . 3-1Warrants and Affidavits for the Arrest and Search of Persons and Places:The Arrest Warrant . 3-1The Capias and Capias Pro Fine . 3-3Search Warrants for Persons and Property. 3-6The Affidavit Supporting the Arrest Warrant, Capias, orSearch Warrant . 3-9Search Warrants for Mere Evidence . 3-12Search Warrants to Photograph a Child, Art. 18.021, C.C.P. 3-14Administrative Search Warrants, Art. 18.05, C.C.P. . 3-15ii
Search Warrant Return and the Immediate Disposition ofSeized Property . 3-17Chapter 4Pro Se Defendant . 4-1Dealing with the Pro Se Defendant Out of Court. 4-1Dealing with the Pro Se Defendant in Court Proceedings. 4-2Chapter 5Bond Forfeitures . 5-1Cash Bond Forfeitures under Art. 45.044, C.C.P. . 5-1Cash, Surety, or Personal Bond Forfeiture Procedures underChapter 22, C.C.P. . 5-3Chapter 6Disposition without Trial . 6-1Guilty and No Contest Pleas . 6-1Driving Safety:Mandatory Driving Safety, Art. 45.0511(b)(1), C.C.P. . 6-6Discretionary Driving Safety, Art. 45.0511(b)(2), C.C.P. . 6-11General Deferred Disposition, Art. 45.051, C.C.P. . 6-13Chapter 7Pre-trial Proceedings . 7-1Is a Hearing Appropriate? . 7-1Conducting a Hearing. 7-3Arraignment . 7-5Motions for Continuance. 7-6Motions to Dismiss the Case . 7-9Motions to Dismiss (Quash) the Complaint. 7-12Motions for Discovery . 7-15Motions about Evidence:Motions to Suppress. 7-17Motions in Limine. 7-21Chapter 8Trial Proceedings . 8-1The Non-Jury Trial (Bench Trial). 8-1The Jury Trial:Before Trial. 8-9Trial Day . 8-11Batson Challenges . 8-36Jury Deliberation. 8-39Jury Charge . 8-43Master Checklist . 8-50Chapter 9Indigent Hearings. 9-1Chapter 10New Trials and Appeals. 10-1Motion for New Trial . 10-1Notice of Appeal . 10-2Transcript . 10-4Chapter 11City Ordinances – General Rules . 11-1iii
Chapter 12Oaths and Ceremonies. 12-1Complaints:Complaints Filed in Municipal Court . 12-1Complaints Accepted by Judge as a Magistrate (JailableMisdemeanors and Felonies) . 12-3Other Affidavits . 12-4Oaths Administered During Trial — Jurors and Witnesses . 12-6Interpreters . 12-9Court Reporter. 12-12Appointed and Elected Officials:Appointed Officials. 12-14Elected Officials. 12-17Chapter 13Juvenile and Minor Proceedings . 13-1Traffic and Other Motor Vehicle Misdemeanors . 13-1Alcoholic Beverage Code:General Offenses and Proceedings . 13-6General Penalty Provision, Sec. 106.071, A.B.C. 13-14General Penalty Provision, Sec. 106.041, A.B.C. — Minor DUI. 13-17Alcohol Awareness Course. 13-20Expungement. 13-23Other Fine-Only Misdemeanor Offenses: Jurisdiction and Proceedings . 13-24Transfer from Municipal Court to Juvenile Court . 13-29Failure to Attend School . 13-31Children Taken into Custody for Traffic Offenses, other Fine-OnlyMisdemeanor Offenses or as a Status Offender . 13-41Children Taken into Custody for Violation of Juvenile Curfew. 13-43Juvenile Magistration:Magistrate’s Warning for a Written or Oral Juvenile Confession . 13-45Health and Safety Code:Tobacco Use by Minors. 13-48Penalties for Tobacco Use by Minors. 13-54Expunctions:Eligibility. 13-57Procedures . 13-59Chapter 14Contempt of Court – General. 14-1Contempt of Court – Juveniles . 14-12Chapter 15Evidence. 15-1What is Evidence?. 15-1When Do the Texas Rules of Evidence Apply? . 15-2Ways to Prove a Fact . 15-4How Objections are Made and Ruled on by the Court . 15-5Hearsay . 15-8Objections Concerning Nature of Questions, Answers, orCourtroom Behavior. 15-11Objections to the Introduction of Physical Evidence. 15-13iv
Chapter 16Expunction – Chapter 55, C.C.P. 16-1Message from the Director . iv
CHECKLIST LOCATION TABLECHECKLIST #TITLEPAGE NO.1Adult Magistration - Magistrate’s Warning for Adult. 2-12Adult Magistration - When Bail May be Denied or Delayed. 2-113(a)Adult Magistration - When the Defendant Must be Released because a Magistratehas not Found Probable Cause. 2-133(b)Adult Magistration - When the Defendant Must be Released becausethe State is not Ready . 2-144Adult Magistration - Requisites of a Bail Bond. 2-165Adult Magistration - Requisites of a Personal Bond . 2-186Adult Magistration - When Bail May be Raised, Changed, or Forfeited . 2-227Adult Magistration - Magistrate’s Order for Emergency Protection. 2-238Adult Magistration - Appointment of Counsel - When the Right Attaches . 2-2810Examining Trial . 2-2911Mental Impairments. 2-3212Tow Hearings . 2-3512The Arrest Warrant . 3-113The Capias and Capias Pro Fine . 3-314Search Warrants for Persons and Property. 3-615The Affidavit Supporting the Arrest Warrant, Capias, or Search Warrant . 3-916Search Warrants for Mere Evidence . 3-1217Search Warrants to Photograph a Child. 3-1418Administrative Search Warrants . 3-1519Search Warrant Return and the Immediate Disposition of SeizedProperty . 3-1720Dealing with the Pro Se Defendant Out of Court. 4-121Dealing with the Pro Se Defendant in Court Proceedings. 4-222Cash Bond Forfeitures under Article 45.044, C.C.P. . 5-123Cash, Surety, or Personal Bond Forfeiture Proceduresunder Chapter 22, C.C.P. . 5-324Guilty and No Contest Pleas . 6-125Mandatory Driving Safety . 6-6vi
CHECKLIST #TITLEPAGE NO.26Discretionary Driving Safety . 6-1127General Deferred Disposition . 6-1328Is a Hearing Appropriate? . 7-129Conducting a Hearing. 7-330Arraignment . 7-531Motions for Continuance. 7-632Motions to Dismiss the Case . 7-933Motions to Dismiss (Quash) the Complaint. 7-1234Motions for Discovery . 7-1535Motions about Evidence — Motions to Suppress. 7-1736Motions about Evidence — Motions in Limine. 7-2137The Non-Jury Trial (Bench Trial). 8-138The Jury Trial — Before Trial. 8-939The Jury Trial — Trial Day . 8-1140Batson Challenges . 8-3641The Jury Trial — Jury Deliberation. 8-3942Jury Charge . 8-4343The Jury Trial — Master Checklist . 8-5044Indigent Hearings. 9-145Motion for New Trial . 10-146Notice of Appeal . 10-247Transcript . 10-448City Ordinances . 11-149Oaths for Complaints Filed in Your Municipal Court. 12-150Oaths for Complaints Accepted by Judge as a Magistrate(Jailable Misdemeanors and Felonies) . 12-351Oaths for Other Affidavits . 12-452Oaths Administered During Trial — Jurors and Witnesses . 12-653Oaths for Interpreters. 12-1054Oaths for Court Reporter . 12-1255Oaths for Appointed Officials . 12-14vii
56CHECKLIST #Oaths for Elected Officials . 12-17TITLEPAGE NO.57Traffic and Other Motor Vehicle Misdemeanors . 13-158Alcoholic Beverage Code — General Offenses and Proceedings. 13-659Alcoholic Beverage Code — General Penalty Provision . 13-1460Alcoholic Beverage Code — Minor D.U.I. Penalty Provision . 13-1761Alcoholic Beverage Code — Alcohol Awareness Course . 13-2062Alcoholic Beverage Code — Expungement . 13-2363Other Fine-Only Misdemeanor Offenses — Jurisdiction andProceedings. 13-2464Transfer from Municipal Court to Juvenile Court . 13-2965Failure to Attend School . 13-3266Children Taken into Custody for Traffic Offenses, Other Fine-OnlyMisdemeanor Offenses, or as a Status Offender . 13-4167Children Taken into Custody for Violation of Juvenile Curfew. 13-4368697071727374757677787980Magistrate’s Warning for Juvenile Confession . 13-45Tobacco Use by Minors. 13-48Penalties for Tobacco Use by Minors. 13-54Expunction - Eligibility. 13-57Expunction - Procedures . 13-59Contempt of Court - General . 14-1Contempt of Court - Juveniles . 14-11What is Evidence?. 15-1When Do the Texas Rules of Evidence Apply? . 15-2Ways to Prove a Fact . 15-4How Objections are Made and Ruled on by the Court . 15-5Hearsay . 15-8Objections Concerning Nature of Questions, Answers, or CourtroomBehavior . 15-11Objections to the Introduction of Physical Evidence. 15-13Expunction . 16-18182viii
ABBREVIATIONSA.B.C.A.G.Art.C.C.P.Ch.D.L.E.C.et alet seq.F.C.F. .W.2dSec.T.A.C.T.C.Tex. Crim. App.Tex. Ct. App.Tex. R. Civ. P.TMCECTMCAT.R.A.P.T.R.E.V.A.C.S.Alcoholic Beverage CodeAttorney GeneralArticleCode of Criminal ProcedureChapter of Act of LegislationDriver’s LicenseEducation Codeand elsewhere(et sequentes) and those that followFamily CodeFederal SupplementGovernment CodeHouse BillHealth and Safety Code(Below) Refers the reader to an ensuing part of the book.Legislative NoteLegislatureOccupations CodePenal CodeSenate Bill(Above) Refers the reader to a previous part of the book.Southwestern Reporter, Second SeriesSectionTexas Administrative CodeTransportation CodeTexas Court of Criminal AppealsTexas Court of AppealsTexas Rules of Civil ProcedureTexas Municipal Courts Education CenterTexas Municipal Courts AssociationTexas Rules of Appellate ProcedureTexas Rules of EvidenceVernon’s Annotated Civil Statutesix
TABLE OF CASES11-3Aguirre v. State, 22 S.W.3d 463 (Tex. Crim. App. 1999)12-9Aleman v. State, 957 S.W.2d 592 (Tex. App. –El Paso 1997)5-8Alvarez v. State, 861 S.W.2d 878 (Tex. Crim. App. 199216-1Amores v. State, 816 S.W.2d 407 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991)2-5Atty. Gen. Op. JM-363(1985)13-3Atty. Gen. Op. No. H-1020 (1977)8-36Batson v. Kentucky, 106 S.Ct. 1712 (1986)3-9Bellah v. State, 653 S.W.2d 795 (Tex. Crim. App. 1983)2-13Bills v. State, 796 S.W.2d 194 (Tex. Crim. App. 1990)7-16Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83 (1963)7-12Brock v. State, 233 S.W.2d 143 (Tex. Crim. App. 1950)8-40Brown v. State, 870 S.W.2d 53 (Tex. Crim. App. 1994)5-10Browne v. State, 268 S.W.2d 131 (Tex. Crim. App. 1954)8-17Butler v. State, 830 S.W.2d 125 (Tex. Crim. App. 1992)7-14Cannon v. State, 925 S.W.2d 126 (Tex. App.–Amarillo 1992, pet. Refd.)15-7Dopico v. State, 752 S.W.2d 212 (Tex. App. –Houston [1st Dist.] 1988, pet. Ref’d)15-6Ethington v. State, 819 S.W.2d 854 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991)14-1Ex parte Aldridge, 334 S.W.2d 161 (Tex. Crim. App. 1959)14-4Ex parte Avila, 659 S.W.2d 443 (Tex. Crim. App. 1983)14-10Ex parte Barnett, 600 S.W.2d 252 (Tex. 1980)14-1Ex parte Chambers, 898 S.W.2d 257 (Tex. 1995)2-1, 3-1, 3-8Ex parte Clear, 573 S.W.2d 224 (Tex. Crim. App. 1978)14-2Ex parte Cooper, 657 S.W.2d 435 (Tex. Crim. App. 1983)14-4Ex parte Crenshaw, 259 S.W.587 (Tex. Crim. App. 1924)14-1Ex parte Daniels, 722 S.W.2d 707 (Tex. Crim. App. 1987)2-5, 2-8Ex parte Deaton, 582 S.W.2d 151 (Tex. Crim. App. 1979)14-2Ex parte Flournoy, 312 S.W.2d 488 (Tex. 1958)2-1Ex parte Garcia, 547 S.W.2d 271 (Tex. Crim. App. 1977)14-7Ex parte Goodman, 742 S.W.2d 536 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 1987)14-2Ex parte Gordon, 584 S.W.2d 686 (Tex. 1979)14-2Ex parte Hill, 52 S.W.2d 367 (Tex. 1932)x
2-23Ex parte King, 613 S.W.2d 503 (Tex. Crim. App. 1981)14-1Ex parte Knable, 818 S.W.2d 811 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991)14-1, 14-7Ex parte Krupps, 712 S.W.2d 144 (Tex. Crim. App. 1986)14-11Ex parte Lee, 704 S.W.2d 15 (Tex. 1986)3-5Ex parte Minjares, 582 S.W.2d 105 (Tex. Crim. App. 1978)14-1, 14-4Ex parte Norton, 191 S.W.2d 713 (Tex. 1946)14-2Ex parte O’Fiel, 246 S.W. 664 (Tex. Crim. App. 1923)13-23, 14 -3Ex parte Powell, 883 S.W.2d 775 (Tex. App.—Beaumont 1994)2-5, 2-8Ex parte Rodriguez, 583 S.W.2d 792 (Tex. Crim. App. 1979)14-7Ex parte Smith, 467 S.W.2d 411 (Tex. Crim. App. 1971)4-1Ex parte Super, 175 S.W. 697 (Tex. Crim App. 1915)14-9Ex parte Werblud, 536 S.W.2d 542 (Tex. 1976)7-14Franklyn v. State, 762 S.W.2d 288 (Tex. App.–El Paso 1988, no pet.)8-45Geesa v. State, 820 S.W.2d 154 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991)8-36Georgia v. McCollum, 112 S.Ct. 2348 (1993)2-1, 2-3Gerstein v. Pugh, 420 U.S. 103 (1975)2-1, 3-1, 3-8Gilbert v. State, 493 S.W.2d 783 (Tex. Crim. App. 1973)7-14Givens v. State, 235 S.W.2d 899 (Tex. Crim. App. 1951)2-15, 2-22Guerra v. Garza , 987 S.W.2d 593 (Tex. Crim. App. 1999)3-5Hannigton v. State, 832 S.W.2d. 355 (Tex. Crim. App. 1992)8-36Hill v. State, 827 S.W.2d 860 (Tex. Crim. App. 1992), cert. denied, 113 S.Ct.297 (1992)7-13Huynh v. State, 901 S.W.2d 480 (Tex. Crim. App. 1995)4-5Illinois v. Allen, 397 U.S. 337 (1970)2-1, 3-9, 7-17Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213 (1983)14-2In re Bell, 894 S.W.2d 119 (Tex. 1995)8-37J.E.B. v. Alabama ex rel T.B., 511 U.S. 127 (1994)5-10James v. State, 413 S
The Honorable Phil Sanders, Former Municipal Court Judge, City of Austin Mr. Marshall Shelsy, Staff Attorney, Harris County Criminal Courts at Law, City of Houston Mr. Jean Shotts, Assistant City Attorney, City of Garland The Honorable John Smith, Municipal Court Judge, City of San Antonio The Honorable Robin Smith, Presiding Judge, City of
May 02, 2018 · D. Program Evaluation ͟The organization has provided a description of the framework for how each program will be evaluated. The framework should include all the elements below: ͟The evaluation methods are cost-effective for the organization ͟Quantitative and qualitative data is being collected (at Basics tier, data collection must have begun)
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Chính Văn.- Còn đức Thế tôn thì tuệ giác cực kỳ trong sạch 8: hiện hành bất nhị 9, đạt đến vô tướng 10, đứng vào chỗ đứng của các đức Thế tôn 11, thể hiện tính bình đẳng của các Ngài, đến chỗ không còn chướng ngại 12, giáo pháp không thể khuynh đảo, tâm thức không bị cản trở, cái được
Le genou de Lucy. Odile Jacob. 1999. Coppens Y. Pré-textes. L’homme préhistorique en morceaux. Eds Odile Jacob. 2011. Costentin J., Delaveau P. Café, thé, chocolat, les bons effets sur le cerveau et pour le corps. Editions Odile Jacob. 2010. Crawford M., Marsh D. The driving force : food in human evolution and the future.
Le genou de Lucy. Odile Jacob. 1999. Coppens Y. Pré-textes. L’homme préhistorique en morceaux. Eds Odile Jacob. 2011. Costentin J., Delaveau P. Café, thé, chocolat, les bons effets sur le cerveau et pour le corps. Editions Odile Jacob. 2010. 3 Crawford M., Marsh D. The driving force : food in human evolution and the future.
