Challenges For The Automotive Platform Of The Future
Challenges for the AutomotivePlatform of the futureGuido GhisioADA – Europe 2016RELIABLE SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGIESScuola Superiore Sant'Anna – PISA15 June 2016Electronics
Index What tomorrow Vehicle will be ADAS growth & evolution From Adas to Automated Driving Automotive SW development at its best
What tomorrow Vehicle will be
What tomorrow Vehicle will beThe vehicle once was a passive platform,completely controlled by the human driver.ThinkSense&ActDecisionChallenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 20164
What tomorrow Vehicle will beIn the next future, more and more functions of car driving will be automated.ThinkSense&ActDecisionChallenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 20165
Automated Driving MotivationsChallenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 20166
Automated Driving MotivationsRoad Safety: 94% of all accidents are caused by human error df)A great effort is applied by the whole automotive industry (OEMs, Tier1, Tier2)to increase driving safety by avoiding the two major causes of human error:Distracted drivingChallenges for the Automotive platform of the futureReckless driving15 june 20167
ADAS growth and evolution
ADAS growth and evolution Different subsystems (maybe from several suppliers) within the same carThis can be a problem not only in terms of communication, but also control: Conflict between different systems’ decisions/reactions to the same events Need for standardizationChallenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 20169
ADAS growth and evolutionThe more useful innovation to help the future implementation of evergrowing and heterogeneous ADAS, including subsystems coming fromdifferent suppliers, will be the use of a shared platform.Challenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201610
From Adas to Automated Driving
OICA Levels of Automated DrivingDriver’s Contribution FundamentalDriver’s Contribution DeclinesEyes ONHands ONEyes tmp. OFFHands tmp. OFFEyes ONHands ONEyes ONHands tmp. OFFEyes OFFHands OFFEyes OFFHands OFF-HSAENHTSAOICAMLITCLEPAERTRACChallenges for the Automotive platform of the future(Society of Automotive Engineers)(National Highway Traffic Safety Administration)(Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles)(Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism)(Comité de Liaison de la construction d'Equipements et de Pièces d'Automobiles)(European Association of Automotive Suppliers)(European Road Transport Research Advisory Council)15 june 201612
OICA Roadmap Automated DrivingAutomated Driving , OICA 07.2015Challenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201613
OICA Roadmap Automated DrivingAutomated Driving , OICA 07.2015Challenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201614
Automated Driving : stepsChallenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201615
Automated Driving : numbersThe number ofcars showing selfdriving features ofsome kind willincrease.*CAGR Compounded Annual Growth RateChallenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201616
Automated Driving : HW PlatformA new kind of automotive hardware platform is required.Traditional solutions are not suitable: They are too power-demanding They waste too much yFunctional SafetyOpennessReducingCostPowerSizeChallenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201617
Automated Driving : Functional SafetyWith the increase of electronic intervention on driving, the FunctionalSafety of Electric/Electronic Systems becomes more and moreimportant.Functional Safety is the “absence of unreasonable risk due to hazardscaused by malfunctioning behaviour of E/E systems” (from ISO26262).ISO 26262 covers the whole development cycle of safety-relevantsystems.The next release of ISO 26262 (due in 2018) will also include newtechnologies raising in the automotive domain, like multi-core systemsand MEMS devices.Challenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201618
Automated DrivingLow-power High-performance ComputingAt the same time, automotive microcontrollers are facing a real evolution: Computing performance is increasing Power consumption is decreasingEntire research areas finally have the supporting technologies to make theirway into the automotive domain.Challenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201619
Automated DrivingMany-core architectures and centralized ECUsThe main reason to use many-coresystems isto achieve higher computingpower, exploiting the benefits ofsoftware parallelization;Amdahl’s Law theorizes the speedup of a system when increasing thenumber of cores, with respect topossibility to parallel a given SW.Instead of speeding up the same functionality, it is possible to use the gainedcomputing performance to embed more functionalities in the same ECU;This enables the choice for bigger centralized ECUs, to decrease the numberof different systems needed by the vehicle;With multi-core systems, it is possible to host in the same ECU many differentfunctions, possibly having different responsibilities on vehicle dynamics (andthus different ASIL) and running completely in parallel on different cores, toensure Freedom from Interference.Challenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201620
Automate Driving current architecture (distributed) Smart sensors send objects tracked in space and rtSensorSmartSensorSmartSensor More flexible and expandable Limited bandwidth requested for pre-processed data Increased cost Requires more complex sensorsChallenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201621
Automated Driving My 2020 architecture (centralised) Dumb sensors send raw dataSensorSensorSensorCentralECUSensorSensorSensor Simpler sensors with no logic can be used Reduced cost Less scalable Raw data transmission demands high bandwidthChallenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201622
Automotive SW development at its best
Automotive SW development at its bestCars have become the most demanding application for SW development.(Source: is-car-runs-on-code )Challenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201624
Automotive SW development at its bestDistributed Multi developmentDistributed development allows the different SW modules used in a singleECU to be developed by different SW departments or companies: It helps each team differentiate its expertise in the different topics; It also enables third-party SW development; It can also drive an increase in SW quality.Distributed development requires standardization to minimize issues duringintegration of SW modules.Challenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201625
Design For ValidationDesign for ValidationDesign for Validation is the practice of conceiving systems taking intoaccount that they are going to be tested.ECU programming is done in a way that eases validation testing andlimits the need for further code instrumentation, thus reducing testinvasiveness.Another advantage is the reduction of costs during test phase,because the code instrumentation is lighter.Challenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201626
SW reusability and portabilitySW reusability and portabilityIn order to reduce costs and increase SW reliability, it is necessary todevelop modules that are reusable and portable, exploiting standardarchitectures.Challenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201627
Conclusions Standard platforms are fundamental to allow nextgenerations cars. There are many different challenges, that the verticalhorizontal automotive industry is already aware of, andmany others are yet to be discovered. Unified Securised platforms should be the best solutionfor all challengesChallenges for the Automotive platform of the future15 june 201628
Thank youJune 2016
ERTRAC (European Road Transport Research Advisory Council) Challenges for the Automotive platform of the future 15 june 2016. 13 Automated Driving , OICA 07.2015 OICA Roadmap Automated Driving Challenges for the Automotive platform of the future 15 june 2016. 14
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