H12781 - Data.ngdc.noaa.gov
U.S. Department of CommerceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationNational Ocean ServiceH12781DESCRIPTIVE REPORTType of Survey:Navigable AreaRegistry Number:H12781LOCALITYState(s):AlaskaGeneral Locality:Shumagin IslandsSub-locality:13 NM Southeast of Simeonof Island2015CHIEF OF PARTYEdward J. Van Den Ameele, CDR/NOAALIBRARY & ARCHIVESDate:
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCENATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATIONREGISTRY NUMBER:HYDROGRAPHIC TITLE SHEETINSTRUCTIONS:H12781The Hydrographic Sheet should be accompanied by this form, filled in as completely as possible, when the sheet is forwarded to the Office.State(s):AlaskaGeneral Locality:Shumagin IslandsSub-Locality:13 NM Southeast of Simeonof IslandScale:40000Dates of Survey:05/29/2015 to 06/01/2015Instructions Dated:04/06/2015Project Number:OPR-P183-RA-15Field Unit:NOAA Ship RainierChief of Party:Edward J. Van Den Ameele, CDR/NOAASoundings by:Multibeam Echo SounderImagery by:Multibeam Echo Sounder BackscatterVerification by:Pacific Hydrographic BranchSoundings Acquired in:meters at Mean Lower Low WaterRemarks:The purpose of this survey is to provide contemporary surveys to update National Ocean Service (NOS) nautical charts. All separates are filed with thehydrographic data. Notes in red were generated during office processing. The processing branch concurs with all information and recommendationsin the DR unless otherwise noted. Page numbering may be interrupted or non-sequential. All pertinent records for this survey, including theDescriptive Report, are archived at the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI): https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/
Table of ContentsA. Area Surveyed. 1A.1 Survey Limits.1A.2 Survey Purpose. 1A.3 Survey Quality. 1A.4 Survey Coverage. 2A.5 Survey Statistics. 4B. Data Acquisition and Processing.6B.1 Equipment and Vessels. 6B.1.1 Vessels. 6B.1.2 Equipment. 7B.2 Quality Control.7B.2.1 Crosslines. 7B.2.2 Uncertainty. 9B.2.3 Junctions. 10B.2.4 Sonar QC Checks.12B.2.5 Equipment Effectiveness.12B.2.6 Factors Affecting Soundings. 13B.2.7 Sound Speed Methods. 13B.2.8 Coverage Equipment and Methods. 13B.3 Echo Sounding Corrections. 13B.3.1 Corrections to Echo Soundings. 13B.3.2 Calibrations. 13B.4 Backscatter. 14B.5 Data Processing. 14B.5.1 Primary Data Processing Software .14B.5.2 Surfaces.14C. Vertical and Horizontal Control.15C.1 Vertical Control. 15C.2 Horizontal Control. 16C.3 Additional Horizontal or Vertical Control Issues. 163.3.1 Missing POS/MV Data.163.3.2 Lines without SBETs. 173.3.3 ERZT Issues. 19D. Results and Recommendations. 19D.1 Chart Comparison.19D.1.1 Raster Charts. 21D.1.2 Electronic Navigational Charts.21D.1.3 Maritime Boundary Points .22D.1.4 Charted Features. 22D.1.5 Uncharted Features. 22D.1.6 Dangers to Navigation.22D.1.7 Shoal and Hazardous Features. 22D.1.8 Channels. 22i
D.1.9 Bottom Samples . 22D.2 Additional Results. 22D.2.1 Shoreline. 22D.2.2 Prior Surveys.23D.2.3 Aids to Navigation.23D.2.4 Overhead Features. 23D.2.5 Submarine Features.23D.2.6 Ferry Routes and Terminals.23D.2.7 Platforms.23D.2.8 Significant Features.23D.2.9 Construction and Dredging. 23D.2.10 New Survey Recommendation. 23D.2.11 Inset Recommendation. 24E. Approval Sheet. 25F. Table of Acronyms. 26List of eTableTableTableTableTableTableTableTable1: Survey Limits.12: Hydrographic Survey Statistics. 53: Dates of Hydrography. 64: Vessels Used. 65: Major Systems Used. 76: Survey Specific Tide TPU Values. 97: Survey Specific Sound Speed TPU Values.98: Junctioning Surveys. 119: Primary bathymetric data processing software. 1410: Submitted Surfaces. 1411: NWLON Tide Stations. 1512: Water Level Files (.tid). 1513: Tide Correctors (.zdf or .tc). 1514: User Installed Base Stations.1615: USCG DGPS Stations. 1616: Largest Scale Raster Charts. 2117: Largest Scale ENCs. 21List of FiguresFigure 1: H12781 coverage overlay on Chart 16540. 3Figure 2: H12781 coverage overlay on Chart 500.4Figure 3: Depth differences between H12781 mainscheme and crossline data as compared to HSSD TVUaccuracy standards for associated depths. Mainscheme lines shown in gray.8Figure 4: Summary table indicating percentage of difference surface nodes between H12781 mainschemeand crossline data that met HSSD allowable TVU standards for associated depths. 9ii
Figure 5: Uncertainty Standards Generated by Pydro. 10Figure 6: Overview of junctions with survey H12781. 11Figure 7: Lines without SBETs. 18Figure 8: H12781 selected soundings overlaid on Chart 16540. 20iii
H12781NOAA Ship RainierDescriptive Report to Accompany Survey H12781Project: OPR-P183-RA-15Locality: Shumagin IslandsSublocality: 13 NM Southeast of Simeonof IslandScale: 1:40000May 2015 - June 2015NOAA Ship RainierChief of Party: Edward J. Van Den Ameele, CDR/NOAAA. Area SurveyedThe survey area is referred to as Sheet 5 within the Project Instructions. The area encompassesapproximately 71.4 square nautical miles.A.1 Survey LimitsData were acquired within the following survey limits:Northwest LimitSoutheast Limit54 48' 46.42" N159 7' 13.4" W54 35' 44.73" N158 55' 21.8" WTable 1: Survey LimitsSurvey limits were acquired in accordance with the requirements in the Project Instructions and the HSSD.A.2 Survey PurposeThe purpose of this survey is to provide contemporary data to update National Ocean Service (NOS) nauticalcharting products. This area is considered navigationally significant and of critical survey priority. Inaddition, soundings will support a new larger scale navigation chart.A.3 Survey QualityThe entire survey is adequate to supersede previous data.1
H12781NOAA Ship RainierData acquired for survey H12781 met complete multibeam echosounder (MBES) coverage requirements,including the 5 soundings per node data density requirements in at least 95% of all nodes. In order to extractstatistics of the data density achieved, the density layer of each finalized surface was queried within Caristhen examined in Excel. Overall, the required data density was achieved in 99.973% of nodes.A.4 Survey CoverageThe following table lists the coverage requirements for this survey as assigned in the project instructions:Water DepthAll waters in survey areaCoverage RequiredEither: A) Complete MBES with backscatter OR B)100% SSS with concurrent line spacing MBES withbackscatter.Survey coverage was in accordance with the requirements in the Project Instructions and the HSSD.2
H12781NOAA Ship RainierFigure 1: H12781 coverage overlay on Chart 165403
H12781NOAA Ship RainierFigure 2: H12781 coverage overlay on Chart 500A.5 Survey StatisticsThe following table lists the mainscheme and crossline acquisition mileage for this survey:4
H12781HULL IDLNMNOAA Ship mber ofBottom Samples3Number MaritimeBoundary PointsInvestigated0Number of DPs0Number of ItemsInvestigated byDive Ops0Total SNM71.4Table 2: Hydrographic Survey StatisticsThe following table lists the specific dates of data acquisition for this survey:Survey DatesDay of the Year05/29/201514905/30/20151505
H12781NOAA Ship RainierSurvey DatesDay of the Year05/31/201515106/01/2015152Table 3: Dates of HydrographyB. Data Acquisition and ProcessingB.1 Equipment and VesselsRefer to the Data Acquisition and Processing Report (DAPR) for a complete description of data acquisitionand processing systems, survey vessels, quality control procedures and data processing methods. Additionalinformation to supplement sounding and survey data, and any deviations from the DAPR are discussed in thefollowing sections.B.1.1 VesselsThe following vessels were used for data acquisition during this survey:Hull IDS-2212803LOA70.4 meters8.8 metersDraft4.7 meters1.1 metersTable 4: Vessels Used6
H12781NOAA Ship RainierB.1.2 EquipmentThe following major systems were used for data acquisition during this survey:ManufacturerModelTypeApplanixPOS MV v4Positioning andAttitude SystemKongsbergEM710MBESResonSVP70Sound Speed SystemOdim Brooke Ocean(Rolls Royce Group)Moving Vessel Profiler 200Conductivity, Temperature,and Depth SensorResonSeaBat 7125-BMBESResonSVP71Sound Speed SystemTable 5: Major Systems UsedB.2 Quality ControlB.2.1 CrosslinesCrosslines acquired for this survey totaled 8.51% of mainscheme acquisition.Multibeam crosslines were acquired using Rainer (S-221) and Rainier launch 2803 (RA-3). A 4-meter CUBEsurface was created using only H12781 mainscheme lines, and a second 4-meter surface was created usingonly crosslines. A 4-meter difference surface was then generated in Caris from which statistics were derived.For its respective depths, the difference surface was compared to the IHO allowable total vertical uncertainty(TVU) standards. In total, 99.944% of the depth differences between H12781 mainscheme and crossline datamet HSSD TVU standards.7
H12781NOAA Ship RainierFigure 3: Depth differences between H12781 mainscheme and crossline data as comparedto HSSD TVU accuracy standards for associated depths. Mainscheme lines shown in gray.8
H12781NOAA Ship RainierFigure 4: Summary table indicating percentage of difference surface nodes between H12781mainscheme and crossline data that met HSSD allowable TVU standards for associated depths.Due to rounding, the percent of nodes satisfying HSSD accuracy for depths less than 100 meters is listedin the table as 100.0%, but the actual percentage is 99.968%.B.2.2 UncertaintyThe following survey specific parameters were used for this survey:MeasuredZoningMethod0 meters0.0816 metersTable 6: Survey Specific Tide TPU ValuesHull IDMeasured - CTDS221 (Rainier)28033 meters/secondMeasured - MVPSurface1 meters/second.05 meters/second.15 meters/secondTable 7: Survey Specific Sound Speed TPU ValuesUncertainty values of submitted finalized grids were calculated in Caris using the "Greater of the Two"of uncertainty and standard deviation (scaled to 95%). To visualize where uncertainty requirements weremet, for each surface a custom IHO Order 1 Uncertainty layer was created, based on the difference betweenthe calculated uncertainty of the nodes and the allowable uncertainty defined in the HSSD. To quantifythe extent to which requirements were met, the HSSD Compliance layers were queried within Caris andexamined in Excel. Overall, 99.99% of survey H12781 nodes met the uncertainty requirements specified inthe HSSD.9
H12781NOAA Ship RainierFigure 5: Uncertainty Standards Generated by PydroB.2.3 JunctionsThree junction comparisons were completed for H12781. One survey (H12595) was acquired by NOAAShip Rainier in 2013, and two surveys (H12780 and H12782) were completed in 2015 by NOAA ShipFairweather. Depth comparisons were performed using Caris difference surfaces.10
H12781NOAA Ship RainierFigure 6: Overview of junctions with survey H12781.The following junctions were made with this survey:RegistryNumberScaleYearField UnitRelativeLocationH125951:400002013NOAA Ship RAINIERNWH127801:400002015NOAA Ship FAIRWEATHERNH127821:400002015NOAA Ship FAIRWEATHERWTable 8: Junctioning Surveys11
H12781NOAA Ship RainierH12595Overlap with survey H12595 was approximately 175 to 615 meters wide, covering an area of .65 squarenautical miles along the northwestern boundary of H12781. Depths in the junction area range fromapproximately 63-75 meters. Surfaces with a 4-meter resolution were used for comparison. For therespective depths, the difference surface was compared to the allowable TVU standards specified in theHSSD. In total, 99.563% of the depth differences between H12781 and junction survey H12595 are withinallowable uncertainties.H12780Overlap with survey H12780 was approximately 250 to 600 meters wide, covering an area of 1.28 squarenautical miles along the northern boundary of H12781. Depths in the junction area range from approximately63-74 meters. Though the depths called for a 4-meter resolution surface, we were only provided with an 8meter resolution surface, therefore comparison of 8-m surfaces was conducted. For the respective depths, thedifference surface was compared to the allowable TVU standards specified in the HSSD. In total, 99.887%of the depth differences between H12781 and junction survey H12780 are within allowable uncertainties.H12782Overlap with survey H12782 was approximately 275 to 845 meters wide, covering an area of 1.39 squarenautical miles along the western boundary of H12781. Depths in the junction area range from approximately75-98 meters, therefore 8-meter resolution surfaces were used. For the respective depths, the differencesurface was compared to the allowable TVU standards specified in the HSSD. In total, 99.719% of the depthdifferences between H12781 and junction survey H12782 are within allowable uncertainties.B.2.4 Sonar QC ChecksSonar system quality control checks were conducted as detailed in the quality control section of the DAPR.B.2.5 Equipment EffectivenessMVP MalfunctionOn DN149 and DN150, the Moving Vessel Profiler 200 (MVP200) onboard S-221 (Rainier) was not fullyfunctional and only capable of taking static casts. Because of this issue, the recommended cast frequencyof four hours was not met. No adverse effects were seen in the data. Please see Sound Speed Methods forfurther information.There were sound speed errors identified in the data that are likely a result of the MVP issues notedabove. The data has been reviewed and has been deemed adequate for charting despite the presence of therefraction errors.12
H12781NOAA Ship RainierB.2.6 Factors Affecting SoundingsThere were no other factors that affected corrections to soundings.B.2.7 Sound Speed MethodsSound Speed Cast Frequency: For MBES operations conducted on S221, sound speed profiles were acquiredusing the Rolls Royce MVP200 approximately every hour or as recommended by Seafloor InformationSystem (SIS). Recommendations for casts are made by displaying a yellow or red background on the soundspeed value within the SIS program. Yellow indicated 2m/s difference between the last cast and the real-timesurface sound speed, while red indicated 5m/s difference. All casts were concatenated into a master file andapplied to lines using the "Nearest in distance within time (4 hours)" profile selection method. Examinationyielded little or no degradation of data quality.Due to the MVP's limited functionality on DN149 and DN150, variations in sound speed applicationoccurred for some lines. In Caris HIPS, the option "Nearest in Distance within 6 hours" was used for DN149line 0008 and DN150 lines 0009-0010.The intervals for casts taken on DN149 were approximately 8 hours apart and 5 hours apart. For the fourcasts taken on DN150, intervals between casts were approximately 1 hour apart, 5 hours apart, and 5 hoursapart.Sound speed application option "Nearest in Distance within 6 hours" was also applied to DN 152 lines0011 - 0018.B.2.8 Coverage Equipment and MethodsAll equipment and survey methods were used as detailed in the DAPR.B.3 Echo Sounding CorrectionsB.3.1 Corrections to Echo SoundingsAll data reduction procedures conform to those detailed in the DAPR.B.3.2 CalibrationsAll sounding systems were calibrated as detailed in the DAPR.13
H12781NOAA Ship RainierB.4 BackscatterRaw Backscatter was logged as both .all and .7k files and has been sent to the National Centers forEnvironmental Information (NCEI). Backscatter was not processed by the field unit.B.5 Data ProcessingB.5.1 Primary Data Processing SoftwareThe following software program was the primary program used for bathymetric data 0.15Table 9: Primary bathymetric data processing softwareThe following Feature Object Catalog was used: NOAA Profile V 5 3.B.5.2 SurfacesThe following surfaces and/or BAGs were submitted to the Processing Branch:Surface NameSurfaceTypeSurfaceParameterPurposeH12781 MB 4m MLLWCUBE4 meters55 meters 112 metersNOAA 4mCompleteMBESH12781 MB 8m MLLWCUBE8 meters55 meters 112 metersNOAA 8mCompleteMBESH12781 MB 4m MLLW FinalCUBE4 meters55 meters 80 metersNOAA 4mCompleteMBESH12781 MB 8m MLLW FinalCUBE8 meters72 meters 112 metersNOAA 8mCompleteMBESResolution Depth RangeTable 10: Submitted Surfaces14
H12781NOAA Ship RainierC. Vertical and Horizontal ControlAdditional information discussing the vertical or horizontal control for this survey can be found in theaccompanying HVCR.C.1 Vertical ControlThe vertical datum for this project is Mean Lower Low Water.Standard Vertical Control Methods Used:Discrete ZoningThe following National Water Level Observation Network (NWLON) stations served as datum control forthis survey:Station NameStation IDSand Point9459450Table 11: NWLON Tide StationsFile NameStatus9459450.tidFinal ApprovedTable 12: Water Level Files (.tid)File NameStatusP183FA2015CORP.zdfFinalTable 13: Tide Correctors (.zdf or .tc)A request for final approved tides was sent to N/OPS1 on 06/10/2015. The final tide note was received on06/24/2015.15
H12781NOAA Ship RainierC.2 Horizontal ControlThe horizontal datum for this project is North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) Zone 4.The projection used for this project is Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM).The following PPK methods were used for horizontal control:Single BaseThe base station used for this project was installed by NOAA Ship Fairweather and was named "SimeonofIsland" and was installed on the northern shore of Simeonof Island. Refer to the HVCR for furtherinformation.The following user installed stations were used for horizontal control:HVCR Site IDBase Station IDSimeonof Island 9677Simeonof IslandTable 14: User Installed Base StationsThe following DGPS Stations were used for horizontal control:DGPS StationsCold Bay, Alaska (289kHz)Table 15: USCG DGPS StationsC.3 Additional Horizontal or Vertical Control Issues3.3.1 Missing POS/MV DataDuring acquisition on DN151, the Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) on S-221 failed causing a loss ofpower to the ship's Applanix POS/MV system. As a result, the POS file for that day was not logged during16
H12781NOAA Ship Rainierthe entire time of acquisition. S-221 DN151 lines 0017 and 0018 do not have delayed heave applied, whichprecluded the ability for SBET / RMS data to be applied in post processing.POS/MV files were logged for DN 151, however, due to the UPS failure, there are two POS files for thatday. According to the detailed line query, all DN 151 lines, including 0017 and 0018, have delayed heaveapplied, but SBET and RMS were not applied to 0017 and 0018, therefore, GPS tide was not computed forthose lines.3.3.2 Lines without SBETsIn addition to the lines with no POS data, SBETs and RMS would not apply to the following lines: DN152,lines 0045, 0046, 0047, 0048, 0049, 0050, 0051, and 0079. DGPS was used for positioning of these lines;all H12781 data meets HSSD horizontal accuracy requirements.17
H12781NOAA Ship RainierFigure 7: Lines without SBETs18
H12781NOAA Ship RainierSBETs and RMS were also not applied to the DN 152 crosslines collected with the Reson. According tothe line query, of the lines listed above, only DN 152 line 0079 does not have SBET and RMS applied.3.3.3 ERZT IssuesThe application of Ellipsoid Referenced Zoned Tides (ERZT) was attempted and unsuccessful. The attemptcreated vertical offsets throughout the survey and corrupted SBET data. As a result, data was completelyreprocessed in Caris by creating a new project. Because of the issues with ERZT, all data have beenreferenced to MLLW using discrete tidal zoning.D. Results and RecommendationsD.1 Chart ComparisonA chart comparison was performed using Caris sounding and contour layers. The contours and soundingswere overlaid on the chart and compared for general agreement and to identify areas of significant change.19
H12781NOAA Ship RainierFigure 8: H12781 selected soundings overlaid on Chart 16540.20
H12781NOAA Ship RainierD.1.1 Raster ChartsThe following are the largest scale raster charts, which cover the survey area:ChartScaleEditionEdition DateLNM DateNM e 16: Largest Scale Raster Charts16540Chart 16540 includes five depths in the H12781 survey area. Survey soundings agree to within 5 fathomsof the chart with one exception. In the southeast of the survey area, H12781 soundings of approximately55 fathoms were acquired over the charted 62 fathom depth. In the northwest of the survey, an area of 30fathom soundings was located approximately 1.5 nautical miles west southwest of a charted 44 fathom depth.The charted 50-fathom contour is in generally good agreement with H12781 soundings (Figure 8).Survey soundings agree to within 3 fathoms with three notable exceptions. In the southeast corner of thesurvey area, there are surveyed depths of 55 fathoms over a charted 62 fathom sounding. In the northcentral area of the survey area, there are surveyed 30 fathoms sound
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