Smart Metering -What Now? - WordPress
Smart Metering – What Now?Howard A. Scott, Ph.D.Managing DirectorCognyst AdvisorsUSACOGNYST ADVISORSTechnology for the Utility IndustryOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZILOctober 19 – 21, 2009Transamerica Hotel,Sao Paulo,BRAZIL
Agenda The role of metering How automated metering has evolved over time The motivation and changes throughout thisevolution Worldwide shipment statistics Current events Being “Smart” (as in Smart Metering or SmartGrid) Impact of deregulation The link between metering and payments Other Factors Where the metering industry is headingOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Types of Meter Discussed This talk addresses electric, gas, water and heatmetering It also discusses related topics, such as prepaymetering, deregulation, etc. Because most of the recent activity emanatesfrom the electric utility industry, electric meteringis more often addressed In most instances, there are water, gas and heatversions of the examples given for electricOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Introduction The utility industry worldwide is now going throughits greatest change since the late 1800’s Suddenly, electric utilities want a “Smart” Grid Leaders who were trained to be “conservative” arenow being asked to make bold changes Government funding is available (at different levels)for many of these projects in many countries Worldwide financial crisis and stimulus initiativesare changing our marketplace Country-to-country differences graduallydisappearingOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Role of Metering Society sets rules for utilities; meters help implement them The meter is the point where the technology of the utilitybegins to provide services to consumers All metering products & services relate to people; we mustnot forget the roles & needs of people as we plan services Metering is closely linked to payments; there are manydifferent approaches to both metering and payments Technology will evolve over time; we must allow forinnovation Money is not unlimited; we must balance benefits withcosts, risks and the availability of fundsOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Society’s Objectives Build a modern utility infrastructureConnect infrastructure to homes, businessesCover costs; ensure profit where permittedEquitably spread the costs of running the utilityEvolve to meet society’s changing needs (akey driver for Smart Metering, Smart Grid )October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
People &Their Problems If projects fail, it is usually the result ofutilities not dealing with staff needs, orgovernment concerns or the needs of theircustomers Projects rarely fail because the equipmentfails; the worst problems occur when projectstaffs are poorly managed or seniormanagement is not committed to the project Therefore, we must remember to focus onthe people issuesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
How Automated Meteringhas Evolved over Time Generation 1: Metering originally created to help utilities billfor services. Advanced Metering started by replacingmanual reading with a remote reading system Generation 2: Added functionality to AMR systems.Introduce prepay and submetering systems Generation 3: Upgraded AMR to AMI – Collected/storedmany meter reads Generation 4: Smart Metering – Use metering as operationsand planning tool; start to integrate prepay and AMR Generation 5: Smart Grid – Jointly manage metering & grid Generation 6: Smart Utility – Dynamic decision-makingOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Generation 1 MotivationMetering originally created to help utilities bill forservices. Advanced Metering starts by replacingmanual reading with a remote reading system Provide an equitable basis for billsLack of access to metersResolve meter reading errorsSafety for meter readerDocument how much (electric, gas, water, heat,sewage, etc.) each customer is usingOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Generation 1 ChangesReplace or retrofit existing meters to introduce AMRcommunications The first time some meters replaced for reason otherthan failure or accuracy; many are still retrofit;expected meter life approximately 20 years Communication is typically one-way to utility; a fewsystems support a wake-up signal Basic meter data collection system is installed Cost justification is primarily staff reduction Meter technology primarily electromechanicalOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Generation 2 MotivationAdd functionality to AMR systems; Introduce prepay andsubmetering systemsGeneration 1 plus: Understand how much is unaccounted (usually due toinefficiencies, built-in losses or theft) Resolve payment problems Identify unknown customer Collect and display historic usage informationOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Generation 2 ChangesEnhance meter functionality, accuracy andcommunicationsGeneration 1 plus: Some utilities replace electromechanical meters withdigital meters (lifetime of meters and meter systemshrinks to approximately 15 years) Communication is primarily one-way Meter data collection systems enhanced, but still basic Utilities become willing to consider some “soft costs” inbusiness caseOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Generation 3 MotivationUpgrade AMR to AMI – Collect/store many meter readsGeneration 2 plus: Collect massive amounts of usage data; store data inMeter Data Management (MDM) system Scattered pre-Smart Meter functionality Vendor-specific solutions Support time-differentiated ratesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Generation 3 ChangesUpgrade AMR to AMI – Collect massive amounts of dataGeneration 2 plus: New digital meters installed in almost all instances; meterlifetime shrinks to approximately 10 years Data communications embedded in meters; many vendorscross-license the technology Some vendors build basic front-end systems, but bulk ofdata in Meter Data Management (MDM) system For electric meters, two-way comm. widely used Reprogrammable meters & remote disconnects common Business cases include “soft costs”October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Generation 4 MotivationThe future: Smart Metering – Use metering as an operationsand planning tool; start to integrate prepay and AMRGeneration 3 plus: Frequent meter reads (possibly many times per hour) Net-metering (measure flow to and from customer) Remotely re-programmable meter Remote disconnect (ensures safety of utility’s workers) Standards-based interfaces; less vendor-specific features Integrate metering with other utility operations systems Meter-driven applications (DR, outage management ) etc.October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Generation 4 ChangesSmart Metering – Significantly increase meterfunctionality; begin to integrate utility software systemsGeneration 3 plus: Total replacement of meter population beingconsidered (meter lifetime shrinks to below 10 years) All features on previous slide Drives the integration of all utility operations systems Utility cost/consumption display devices in home Staff retraining increasingly importantOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Generation 5 MotivationSmart Grid – Jointly manage metering & grid (future)Generation 4 plus: Combine metering, other data and grid sensors(including SCADA) to jointly manage utility operations Integrate workforce management tools with operations Integrate planning tools for grid and metering Use these tools to manage growth, repair, maintenanceand service quality Dynamically address outages and other utility events Deliver more information to utility and customerOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Generation 5 ChangesSmart Grid – Jointly manage metering & grid (future)Generation 4 plus: Smart Metering a prerequisite; lifetime of meter nolonger an issue Cost to replace whole grid too high; sensors and comm.added to existing grid electronics to control costs;massive grid replacements begin Consumers install equipment to generate/store power Requires major re-design of software systems Significant amount of staff retrainingOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Generation 6 MotivationSmart Utility – Dynamic decision-making (future)Generation 5 plus: Add data mining tools to integrated operations Build a common operations system that dynamicallytracks system performance, engineering projects,inventory and expenditures, workforce, etc. Build dynamic decision-making system based onexisting operations rules that automaticallyrecommends moment-by-moment operation of theentire utilityOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Generation 6 ChangesSmart Utility – Dynamic decision-making (future)Generation 5 plus: Customer service now the key priority Requires major new software systems Utilities must undergo significant reorganizations;deregulation common worldwide Meters can support prepay or postpay, at customer’srequest Utility staffs shrink; on-going staff retrainingOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Other Factors that Affect Metering Deregulation Payments Technology does not make a utility “smart,”systems do People problems Paying for all these changes Aggregation of vendorsOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
A Real-World Example Slides provided by FPL in March 2009 FPL has been progressive in integrating itsoperations systems Though utility is U.S.-based, it’s lessons areapplicable worldwideOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
AMR Worldwide StatisticsOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
AMR Units Are Worldwideas of 1 January 2008Region# Cumulative % Cumulative # Projects % ProjectsNorth 25.3%8836.5%Asia13,463,7397.4%2281.7%Central & South America980,0450.5%1471.1%Middle :182,069,756100.0%13,536100.0%Source: The Scott Report: Worldwide Deployments of Automated Metering DevicesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
The U.S. as an Example The AMR market started in the U.S., the AMIand Smart Meter markets had their first majorsuccesses there, and the best statistics showingmarket growth are from the U.S. Over the next 5 years, the U.S. will maintain itslead, and then gradually cede it to Europe andChina Smart Metering will first have large deploymentsin the U.S. Therefore, we often use the U.S. as an exampleOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
NA Shipments of AMR/AMI Units(as of 1 January 2009)Meter Type # AMR 3Misc.42,163Total: 142,419,790MarketAnnual# AMRShareShipments ,673,0987,8060.0%047100.0% 21,148,07612,085Source: The Scott Report: Worldwide Deployments of Automated Metering DevicesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Inconsistent Growth WorldwideRegionNorth AmericaAsiaEuropeCentral & South AmericaMiddle 59720,372,954Source: The Scott Report: Worldwide Deployments of Automated Metering DevicesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Shipments by Type of MeterRegionWorldwideNorth AmericaRest of WorldElectricGasWaterHeatMiscellaneous# Units 35,272,96643,411,518586,05984,685# Projects13,53612,0851,4514,3418318,2264296Source: The Scott Report: Worldwide Deployments of Automated Metering DevicesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Worldwide GrowthTotal Annual Shipments - ,000,00012,000,000Units ShippedUnits ShippedTotal Annual Shipments - ,000,0008,000,0006,000,0004,000,0002,000,000001997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 20071997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Total Annual Shipments - GasTotal Annual Shipments - Water7,000,00010,000,0005,000,000Units ShippedUnits 008,000,0006,000,0004,000,0002,000,00001998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 200701997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Source: The Scott Report: Worldwide Deployments of Automated Metering DevicesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
North American AMR/AMIMarketTotal Annual Shipments - Electric (CAGR 2003200420052006200720082,000,000Units Shipped6,000,0003,000,000209719Total Annual Shipments - Water (CAGR 00Total Annual Shipments - Gas (CAGR 10.2%)Units 16,000,000Units 005200620072008Units ShippedTotal Annual Shipments (CAGR 14.4%)October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Annual Electric Smart MeterDeployments10,000,000Units er 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Ratio Electric Smart Meter toAMRRatio of .0%October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Rapid Evolution to Smart Meters Three years ago, Smart Meters didn’t existToday, they dominate the market in North AmericaThis evolution will rapidly spread around the worldKey impacts of this change:– Existing meters cannot be modified to become Smart– Replacement of most electric meters worldwide islikely– The market for recycled meters will quickly disappear A new history is emerging: happening now inNorth America and emerging elsewhereOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Fixed/Mobile in North Amer.All Utilities100.0%Electric %MobileFixed40.0%20.0%20.0%0.0%1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20080.0%1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008YearYearWater UtilitiesGas ile40.0%Fixed40.0%Fixed20.0%20.0%0.0%1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Year0.0%1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008YearSource: The Scott Report: AMR Deployments in North AmericaOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Shipments by CommunicationType as of 1 January C54,528,090North America120,756,669100,878,33516,613,338Rest of ,055,96612,046,53028,463,765Middle ricaAsiaEuropeSource: The Scott Report: Worldwide Deployments of Automated Metering DevicesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
AMR Market is Dominated By aFew Large VendorsWorldwide160,000,000Outside North America50,000,000127 0081 OthersADD GROUP Ltd.40,000,000Matsushita, tronHunt25,000,000Forture TechnologiesBadger20,000,000Keli General tromedHydrometer5,000,000Itron0Nanjing SannengEchelon0Source: The Scott Report: International Deployments of Automated Metering DevicesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
AMR Market Has ChangedSlowly Over the Years25,000,00049 OthersCannonDatamaticMaster MeterTrilliantNeptuneBadgerElsterLandis GyrSilver Spring 62007200820090Source: The Scott Report: AMR Deployments in North AmericaOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Latest AMR Shipments (Overall)Utility TypeElectricGasWaterMiscTotals:Utility 16805,646,624Annual '0912,349,4045,546,8975,339,885023,236,186Annual '089,413,1486,412,0995,682,583021,507,830Annual '077,345,3755,603,5705,386,934018,335,879Annual '068,594,9204,308,6404,090,912016,994,4722Q09 Cum1Q09 CumCumul. '09 Cumul. '08 Cumul. '07 Cumul. '0675,024,31271,738,192 81,199,014 68,849,610 59,436,462 52,091,08741,993,68240,555,107 44,767,130 39,220,233 32,808,134 27,204,56436,996,64135,734,961 39,651,678 34,311,793 28,629,210 056,797 148,070,423 165,659,985 142,423,799 120,915,969 102,580,090Annual '057,010,1862,843,4323,827,926013,681,544Cumul. ource: The Scott Report: International Deployments of Automated Metering DevicesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
VendorLatest AMR Shipments(Vendor)ItronAclaraSensusSilver Spring NtwksLandis GyrElsterBadgerNeptuneTrilliantMaster MeterDatamaticCannonSmartSynchFirst Point EnergymuNetEka SystemsMetretekReactelCurrent Technology41 005,646,624Annual l 511,33113,8806,5563,6083,2644000021,507,830Annual 8,86200650006518,335,879Annual 03,2550010,05016,994,472Annual 4322862,572010028613,681,544Source: The Scott Report: International Deployments of Automated Metering DevicesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Latest AMR Shipments (Arch.)ArchitectureItronSensus - FlexnetSilver Spring NtwksHexagramTWACSEnergyAxisNeptune - RFOrionCellNetTrilliant - WirelessMaster Meter - 3GDatamaticHunt TS2CellNet - AMISensus - RFCannonAirpointAMCO/Elster (Trace)Hunt TS1Badger - GalaxySmartSynchFirst Point EnergymuNetNeptune - 450Eka SystemsMetretekTrilliant - TelephoneReactelSensus - TelephoneBadger - TelephoneFirst Point/MozartNeptune - TelephoneCurrent TechnologySensus - Fixnet48 701,6391,454902816450100100007905,646,624Annual -216023,236,186Annual ,244021,507,830Annual 65037,8680931000491111,43318,335,879Annual 551,6010821,235000-1154,60116,994,472Annual 6805681,8805,200231008,03542,60313,681,544Source: The Scott Report: International Deployments of Automated Metering DevicesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Electric AMR Market14,000,00040 OthersFirst Point r Spring NtwksElsterSensusAclaraLandis 20062007200820090Source: The Scott Report: AMR Deployments in North AmericaOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Total AMR Shipments by Vendor182 Million Installed as of January ‘08Master dgerHydrometerMisc.AclaraEchelonLandis GyrSource: The Scott Report: Worldwide Deployments of Automated Metering DevicesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
North AmericanUtilities 500K 00,000500,00001997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006Source: The Scott Report: Worldwide Deployments of Automated Metering DevicesOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Compound Annual Growth ’97–‘09 Overall : 14.7% (’97 – ’09)Electric utilities : 17.6% (’97 – ’09)Gas utilities : 9.6% (’97 – ’09)Water utilities : 16.3% (’97 – ’09)Investor owned : 7.4% (’97 – ’07)Publicly owned : 17.4% (’97 – ’07)Cooperatives : 41.8% (’97 – ’07)RF : 15.4% (’97 – ’07)PLC : 23.2% (’97 – ’07)Telephone: (--21.7%) (’97 – ’07)October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Penetration Driving Gas & WaterShipments; Irrelevant for Electric At the end of 2008, 68.4% of all customers inU.S. have AMR on at least 1 meter The growth of this penetration has ranged from5% to 7% per year With the advent of electric Smart Metering, AMRpenetration will be irrelevant for electrics, butSmart meter penetration will become a factor Once electric Smart Metering become significant(over 50% in an area), it will become a driver forwater and gas AMR to become SmartSource: The Scott Report: Insights on AMR DeploymentsOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Smart Metering vs. AMRConclusions Smart Metering is growing on the successestablished by AMI Electric Smart Metering is growing so fast thatlittle of the non-Smart Meter market will survive Vendors must get Smart Metering right the firsttime. The risks here are much higher thanprevious technologies because the market isgrowing so rapidly.October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Electric Meter Saturation in U.S. At expected deployment rates, all of U.S. will befully served with Smart electric Meters in 6 – 7years Expected lifetime of meters is 10 years So U.S. market will go into hiatus for 3 – 4 years Only largest international meter companies willsurvive thus downturn, and continue developingtheir products for the next generationOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Topics Discussed What is happening politicallyWhat Smart Metering offersThe role of deregulation and prepaymentWhat is happening in the U.S. and EuropeThe likely outcome of these effortsThough this talk addresses electric, gas, water andheat metering, the focus is on electric meteringbecause Smart Grid is a major political goalOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Current Events Petroleum prices peaked in early July 2008; by midOctober 2008 they were 50% of peak DJIA’s 2008 peak was in late April; by early March2009 they were almost 50% of peak After Obama’s election in November 2008 hecommitted to Stimulus with Smart Metering as part ofthe solution Most European leaders agreed to reforms, refused tofollow Obama’s Stimulus, but committed to SmartMetering (late April 2009)October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
American Recovery andReinvestment Act of 2009 Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability: “ 4.5 Billion expenses necessary for electricity delivery and energyreliability to include demand response equipment, enhancesecurity and reliability of the energy infrastructure, energystorage research, development, demonstration anddeployment, and facilitate recovery from disruptions to theenergy supply ” “ establish and maintain a smart grid informationclearinghouse ” “ utilize open protocols and standards ” “The Secretary shall, 'within 60 days after the enactment of establish procedures by which applicants can obtain grants ofnot more than one-half of their documented costs”October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Obama Transition Team’sRequest to Me Determine:– How many Smart Meters could be produced inexisting plants– If meter vendors could produce 30 M Smart Metersper year (if given 12 months to ramp-up)– Smart Meter Definition: Net metering, time stamp of usage, open standards,remote disconnect, downloadable code– If product could be built in U.S.– The total cost of doing this (my answer: 18 B plusat leads as much in system integration)October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Changes to myRecommendation Took my 18 B and required 50 – 50 match byutilities (cuts my number to 9 B) Took my 4 year analysis and assumed 2 yearsof funding (cuts my number to 4.5 B) Inserted words “Smart Grid” for “Smart Meter” Requires “Open Protocols and Standards ifavailable and appropriate”October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
How Will Money be Spent? DOE has not finalized its answer– Appointed NIST to announce standards Some obvious decisions were not applied:– The goal was to create jobs quickly, but they announcedthat projects could run to 2015– “Shovel ready” projects should have had priority, but toomuch focus on “demonstration projects,” research andtechnology State regulators should have taken the lead, butseem reluctant to drive the process The outcome is far from clearOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
How Will Impact UtilityDecisions? Utilities always develop a business case thatmust have attractive financials Stimulus will offset the amount of money thatthe utility must invest The funding requires matching from utility, andwill be no better than 50 – 50 Utility must be able to find its share of thefunding For utilities that get Stimulus funding, almost allsuch projects will be cost-effectiveOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Impact of Obama StimulusPackage Gas and water AMR deployments will follow historicpatterns and probably accelerate after worldwidefinancial crisis eases Electric deployments will restart from zero:– Almost all deployed electric meters are not SmartMeters, so they must be replaced to support Smart Grid– Because metering is a prerequisite for the Smart Grid,expect the whole U.S. to be served within 5 – 7 years– Large IOUs are probably best prepared to implementSmart Grid so smaller utilities will install it later So many smaller utilities will not get funding, that asecond funding round for them is likelyOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Current Events U.S. initiatives:– President Obama says his Stimulus Package will add40 million Smart Meters– U.S. Congress changes focus to Smart Grid; delaysby Department of Energy as it insists on standards European Union’s 20-20-20 mandates:– By 2020 reduce greenhouse gases by 20% below1990 levels, improve energy efficiency by 20% andincrease the % of renewable energy by 20%.– European Union mandates that 80% of electricmeters must have Smart Meters by 2020; 100% by2022; no deadlines for gas China announces plans to install 200 millionSmart Meters in next 3 – 5 yearsOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
U.S. Metering Market Except for deregulation, entire market is veryconsistent As of 1 January 2009, 132 million advancedmeters deployed ( 44% meter penetration)– 62 M electric ( 42% electric meter penetration)– 38 M gas ( 55% gas meter penetration)– 32 M water ( 35% water meter penetration) 5% Smart Meter penetration of electric meters If Smart Meters are mandated, then entiremarket will shift to Smart Meters except for 5%that’s already SmartOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
European Metering Market Fragmented market– Nordic countries– Baltic countries– Central Europe– Southern Europe– Eastern Europe– U.K. As of 1 January 2008, 31 million advanced electricmeters deployed ( 10% meter penetration) 9% Smart Meter penetration (electric) Smart Meters (electric) are mandated by 2022 for 100%of customersOctober 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
European Activity by Country Full compulsory smart electricity meter roll out:–––––Italy – electric by 2011 and gas by 2013Sweden – electric to finish in 2009Spain – full rollout by 2018Portugal – electric by 2015 (not law yet)UK – electric and gas by 2020 Partial policies:– Denmark and Finland – electricity & gas– Norway, Estonia, Portugal and Turkey – electric Studying what to do:– Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Hungary,Ireland, Netherlands, Northern Ireland (also gas smart meters),Norway, and Spain (gas meters)October 19 – 21, 2009, Sao Paulo, BRAZIL
Lessons from Historic ShipmentData Historical data can give insights on future growth, butnot the rate of future growth If Smart Metering i
for services. Advanced Metering started by replacing manual reading with a remote reading system Generation 2: Added functionality to AMR systems. Introduce prepay and submetering systems Generation 3: Upgraded AMR to AMI - Collected/stor ed many meter reads Generation 4: Smart Metering - Use metering as ope rations
Advanced metering for SMEs The Impact of advanced metering for SMEs 0 Executive summary 02 Introduction to advanced metering 7.06 The potential benefits 06 .2 Use of advanced metering in businesses 06 .3 SupplierPrinciples of advanced metering 07 .4 Analysing advanced metering data 07 .5 Sources of energy savings 08 .6 Advanced metering technology 08 .7 Advanced metering services 09
FIXED INSTRUMENTATION. Metering -- electrical 21 Metering -- gas 22 Metering -- liquid 23 Metering -- oil 24 Metering -- pressure 25 Metering -- steam 26 Metering -- temperature 2
Find Solutions for Expensive Metering And Telemetry Solutions: Set metering requirements that match the service Define sub-metering requirements Allow 3rd party metering e.g., CAISO Allows 3rd party metering for DERs wholesale participation Pilot Programs: Electric Vehicle sub-metering pilot e.g., Minnesota Xcel Energy
Smart!metering for!end "use !based forecasting !and option !development Smart!metering !for! time !of!use,!end "use !based ! monitoring !&!evaluation An example of the water end-use breakdown which can be provided by smart metering in liters/person/day (L/p/d) and percent (%) for a Gold Coast, Australia sample is shown in Figure 2. This
results concerning the use an Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) based on the standard protocol Wireless Metering Bus (WMBus) mode "N" (169MHz), also for smart city services. The paper shows how such an infrastructure is suitable for metering services, but it has some limitations when dealing with services
the proposed energy smart metering infrastructure for intelligent water metering, subject to suitable commercial and access arrangements being put in place. However, the energy smart metering operational framework is still in development and there is a risk that any future development work might introduce technical barriers unless water
Milton Roy's dedication to continuous improvement means the world's most preferred metering pump has now stretched its lead even more. The redesigned mROY maximum uptime metering pumps bring an even higher level of performance, accuracy, and reliability to the legendary standard for metering pumps. mROY metering pump technology leads in .
English A Practical Course in British English Pronunciation FREE SAMPLE Chapter 1 pdf mp3 Written & Produced at the Pronunciation Studio. 1 Introduction 2 How to use the book. 3 IPA Chart Index 1 Introduction 2 How to use the book. 3 IPA Chart Chapter/ Page Sounds Sound Comparison Spelling & Sound 1 4 - 15 5-6 Consonants 7-8 Vowels -9 ‘ghoti’ Introduction 10 Schwa 2 16 - 27 17-18 .
