3-Study On Ecological Landscape Design In Rural Sewage Treatment .

Study on Ecological Landscape Design in Rural Sewage Treatment Taking Sanmenxia Lushi SewageTreatment Station as an Examplein the water, effectively adsorb heavy metal pollutants,and then form a stable water system environment [25].At the same time, combined with the stabilization pondsewage treatment technology, comprehensivepurification is carried out to stabilize the water body.The two purification technologies complement eachother to ensure that a rural sewage purification displayarea that exerts economic benefits is formed whilestably meeting the requirements of the waterpurification function.The display area closely followsthe theme of “ecological purification” and combinesthe indoor space of the glass house to show the visitorsthe ecological purification process in detail. The designcombines sewage treatment and tourist experience,popular science knowledge and entertainment, andestablishes an in-depth dialogue between people andartificial technology, people and ecological landscapes.Together these form a strong interactive ruralFig. 6 Function zoning diagram.Diagram by the authors (2020).143education sewage treatment demonstration area withgreat educational significance.4. Design Content4.1 LayoutThe design area is divided into the following threefunctional areas based on design elements，the currentterrain and other factors of the site (Fig. 6).Ecological purification display area located in thecenter of the site for sewage treatment display, withstepped water storage purification tanks and otherwaterfront activity areas that form a rich shoreline, andhave both landscape and popular science functions;Sunshine science popularization area located at thewest end of the site, next to the central purificationdisplay area, mainly used for science popularizationdisplay;

144Study on Ecological Landscape Design in Rural Sewage Treatment Taking Sanmenxia Lushi SewageTreatment Station as an ExampleFig. 7 General layout.Diagram by the authors (2020).Leisure activities area mainly located on thenortheast side of the site, close to the villager’sresidential area, providing a gathering place, combinedwith rich plant displays and cultural corridors, to createa living and leisure area rich in local culture and naturalcharacteristics.The plan layout takes the rural sewage purificationfunctional areas. In addition to meeting the basicdisplay and the rural culture display as the mainexhibition area to meeting the display functionstarting point, and chooses the theme of “purifiedrequirements. Considering that the maximum heightwater” (Fig. 7). The project extracts the elements ofdifference between the east and west in the design areawater droplets for simplified use, forms a designis about 3 meters, this design uses a stepped purificationlanguage, integrates into the site, and combines themethod. Multistage purification tanks are connectedtopography in the design area to divide respectivein series to ensure good purification effect display.sewage purification display function, it also satisfiesthe cultural and recreational needs of surroundingresidents and tourists. A tourist service center is set upat the main entrance to maintain daily operations. Thedesign strengthens the natural degradation and sewageecological oxygen enrichment self-purification in the

Study on Ecological Landscape Design in Rural Sewage Treatment Taking Sanmenxia Lushi SewageTreatment Station as an Example145Fig. 8 Node analysis graph.Diagram by the authors (2020).The project uses water storage ponds in the area to set(Fig. 8). The secondary road is about 3.5 meters wideup rich purification ponds on the shoreline. Whileand connects the entire site to meet the needs ofensuring that the functional requirements are met, awalking, taking into account the maintenance of plantsmonitoring system is set up to monitor the purificationin the entire area and the traffic demand for essentialeffect. The south side of the exhibition area is a greenvehicles (Fig. 9). The three-level road is about 2.5ecological cultural trail. The ecologically purifiedmeters wide and mainly meets the function of viewingwater is used for landscape water, combined with theand walking, connecting multiple landscape nodes towater viewing pavilion, presenting a good ecologicalform a complete on-site transportation system. Theexperience. The leisure activity area on the north side islandscape nodes are mainly divided into two parts. Theequipped with a secondary entrance and multiple restcentral nodes include an ecological purification poolseats to provide sufficient space for residents’ dailyand a sun room for popular science, and the main nodesactivities. At the same time, it is equipped with ainclude various landscape sketches design.cultural wall and also provides visitors with a leisurearea with local cultural characteristics .4.2 Road System and Landscape Node AnalysisThe design aims to establish a reasonable road trafficsystem. The first-grade road is 5.5 meters, surroundsthe entire site, meets the needs of motor vehicles, and isthe main road connecting the entrance and each node4.3 Plant ConfigurationThe ecological purification display area focuses onfurther purifying water quality, and designs plants withgood root purification effects, such as water hyacinth,cattail, reed, etc., supplemented by planting pampasgrass, sclerophyllum, etc. to further purify waterQuality [26]. According to the growth characteristics

146Study on Ecological Landscape Design in Rural Sewage Treatment Taking Sanmenxia Lushi SewageTreatment Station as an ExampleFig. 9 Traffic flow analysis.Diagram by the authors (2020).of aquatic plants in Henan province, designers choosethe hydroponic plants such as Chlorophyllum chinense,Wenzhu, Monstera, etc. Submerged plants includewaterwheel, water shield grass, etc. [27]. Emergingwater plants include Alisma, Calamus, Crown Grass,etc.; Floating plants include Sophora japonica,Manjianghong, and duckweed [28, 29]. The plantconstruction of the stepped purification ecological poolis in order of emergent plants, floating plants andsubmerged plants. Other plant designs includeLigustrum lucidum, Metasequoia, Osmanthus fragrans,octagonal gold plate, Buxus chinensis, etc.5. Analysis of Important Landscape Nodes5.1 Sunshine Area of Science EducationPopular science education is one of the mainpurposes of this project. The 800-square-meter popularscience conservatory and the popular science squareprovide people with space to visit and enjoy; TheSunshine Room has a water quality monitoring stationand a sewage purification science sign to show touriststhe process of rural sewage purification and provide alearning place for schools and related practitioners.Three nodes are set up at the detection equipment andthe popular science point, which are located at theentrance of the square, the midpoint of the ecologicalpurification zone and the end of purification. The threenodes are connected to each other by the Internet.Through real-time signage and QR code technology,they show people the ecological purification process ofdomestic sewage, related technology applicationinstructions, and the water quality detection index onthe corresponding node. The science glass house is alsoequipped with a simulation model to demonstrate theeffect of ecological landscape sewage treatment,combined with the actual ecological landscapetreatment system outside the house, so that people canmore clearly feel the effective use of ecologicallandscape design in the field of rural domestic sewagetreatment.

Study on Ecological Landscape Design in Rural Sewage Treatment Taking Sanmenxia Lushi SewageTreatment Station as an Example5.2 Ecological Water Purification AreaThe sewage in the water purification display area hasundergone three purification treatments, includingfirst-order, second-order and third-order purificationtanks with height differences and a wetland biologicalsystem [30] (Fig. 10, Table 1). The entire purificationprocess includes physical, chemical and biologicaltreatment methods, of which the biological ecologicaltreatment method is the main method to strengthennatural degradation and the sewage is oxygen-enrichedand self-purifying [31]. At the same time, combined147with the stabilization pond domestic sewage treatmenttechnology, the use of aquatic biological systems,relying on natural biological purification function tomake the sewage purified [32] (Fig. 11). Among them,the first-order and second-order purification ponds aremainly made of calamus and reeds with strongpurification ability [33], while the third-order andwetland biological purification systems are based onthe premise of satisfying the purification function, andmore consideration is given to the beauty of thelandscape to meet people’s viewing needs for thelandscape [34] (Fig. 12).Fig. 10 Three Kinds of Barge Schematic.Diagram by the authors (2020).Table 1TypeComparison of Characteristics of Three Terraces.Intensity of sewageShapetreatmentFirst stepregularstrongSecond steprelatively regularweakThird stepfree stylerelatively strongSuitable type ofbargehard bankstone masonryNatural revetmentStone masonrynatural revetmentParticipationweakstrongrelatively strongLandscape valueweak ecologicalvaluestrong educationalvaluestrong landscapevalue

148Study on Ecological Landscape Design in Rural Sewage Treatment Taking Sanmenxia Lushi SewageTreatment Station as an ExampleFig. 11 Purification Flow Chart.Diagram by the authors (2020).Fig. 12 Rendering of Ecological Water Purification Area.Diagram by the authors (2020).5.3 Leisure Activity Area5.4 Green Culture TrailThe leisure activity area is located in the northwestof the site, with a sub-entrance for the site, whichmainly meets the daily leisure activities of villagers(Fig. 13). The main paving is local stone, with woodenseating seats around the site, which occupies a largearea. It is an important part of the design area and themain area for villagers’ leisure activities. At the sametime, the green cultural corridor runs through it,enriching the connotation of the site and meeting thespiritual and cultural needs [35] .The green ecological cultural trail is mainly locatedin the southern part of the site, close to the ecologicalwater purification area, forming a perfect road trafficsystem (Fig. 14). Tall local trees such as Metasequoiaglyptostroboides, Ligustrum lucidum, etc. are plantedon both sides of the trail, and at the same time, bambooforests, small trees and bushes are combined to form agreen trail with great ecological and local culture. Inaddition, landscape sketches are set beside the road toshow the local culture, strengthen the local people’s

Study on Ecological Landscape Design in Rural Sewage Treatment Taking Sanmenxia Lushi SewageTreatment Station as an Example149Fig. 13 Rendering of Leisure Activity Area.Diagram by the authors (2020).Fig. 14 Rendering of Green Culture Trail.Diagram by the authors (2020).sense of cultural identity and pride, and also meet thetourists’ cognition needs of local culture and customs,and experience the unique local culture [36, 37].6. ConclusionAccording to the influencing factors such as sewagewater quantity and water quality, Zhangjia VillageSewage Treatment Station of Lushi County mainlyadopts landscape biological purification technology toestablish stepped ecological purification ponds forrural sewage treatment. The design will show thecomplete treatment process of rural sewage, so that thetreated water quality meets the three types of waterstandards of “Surface Water Environmental QualityStandards” (GB3838-2002) promulgated by China. Itwill help the locals solve environmental problems andplay a role in promoting the construction of anecological garden city in Lushi County.Through theoretical research and practicalapplication of rural sewage treatment project, thefollowing conclusions are drawn:Faced with the special climate of Lushi County,composite biological treatment technology should beselected when applying ecological landscape design. Ithas strong stability, high purification efficiency, and isrelatively less affected by weather and precipitation

150Study on Ecological Landscape Design in Rural Sewage Treatment Taking Sanmenxia Lushi SewageTreatment Station as an Example[38]. At the same time, combined with the topographyof the site, a stable pond of sewage treatmenttechnology with a high degree of integration with thelandscape is selected to establish a multilayerecological purification pool to increase purificationefficiency [39-43]. The designers use the soilcharacteristics of the river valley itself to improve thesite purification system.Plant selection and configuration is an important partin the design of ecological landscape, and also animportant landscaping element. It is a bridge betweenlandscape biological purification technology andlandscape. To build an ecological landscape modelsuitable for rural sewage treatment in the Yellow RiverValley requires effective utilization and considerationof plants [44, 45].The ecology of the Yellow River Valley is relativelyfragile compared to other areas. In addition, there are alarge number of residents’ living and productionactivities around the site, which also have a destructiveimpact on the overall ecological environment.Therefore, in the construction process, make full use ofthe Ecological Edge Effect Theory. The application ofthis theory makes the rural sewage treatment systemmore beautiful, landscaped and artistic, and also exertsecological benefits and educational significance.This article not only provides a new idea for thetreatment of rural sewage in the Valley area oftributaries of the Yellow River, but also explores thedevelopment direction of rural ecological landscapedesign. The paper takes technical landscape as an entrypoint to study the application of ecological landscapedesign in rural sewage treatment. The compoundbiological treatment technology with strong stabilityand nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect is used forpre-treatment. At the same time, combined with theecological landscape design, the stable pond sewagetreatment technology is used [46], and the twocomplement each other. It is hoped that this practicecan provide reference for rural sewage treatment in thearea of Yellow River Valley.References[1]Yu, F. W., 2019. “Renovation of Rural HumanSettlement Environment Under the Strategy of RuralRevitalization.” Studies on Socialism with ChineseCharacteristics 2: 80-5.[2] Ju, C. H., Zhang, W. D., Zhu, L., and Sun, Q. F., 2016.“China’s Rural Sewage Treatment Problems andCountermeasures.” Environmental Protection 6: 49-52.[3] Yang, M., and Lu, M., 2010. “Research on the ProtectiveDevelopment Planning of Historical Villages in East Partof Zhejiang Province.” Huazhong Architecture 12: 171-6.[4] Yang, M., and Zhang, F. H., 2018. “Pick up the LostPearls Investigation of 16 Ancient Villages and Townsin Shaanxi and Shanxi Provinces. ” Xi’an: Xi’an JiaotongUniversity Press.[5] Yang, M., and Feng, Z .Y., 2020. “Comparative Study onSpatial Forms of Ancient Waterside Towns Based onGoogle Earth Pro Taking the Examples ofQingmuchuan,Fenghuang and Houliu in SouthernShaanxi,China.” Journal of Environmental Science andEngineering B9 3: 12-22.[6] Yang, M., and Zhang, F. H., 2016. “Investigation ofHistorical Districts of National Historical and CulturalCities Research Center Gongnongzhuang in AncientTown of Zhaoxian, Lvliang, Shanxi Province.” CityPlanning Review 1: 83-4.[7] Yang, M., Zhang, F. H., and Li, H. Y., 2016.“Investigation of Historical Districts of NationalHistoricalandCulturalCitiesResearchCenter Historical Village of Changxi, Wuyuan, JiangxiProvince.” City Planning Review 5: 89-90.[8] Yang, M., 2010. “Research on Historical Villages inEastern Zhejiang Province and Identification of TheirCurrent Problems.” Development of Small Cities &Towns 6: 97-100.[9] Yang, M., 2006. “Landscape Environmental PlanningHighlighting Rural Characteristics ReconstructionPlanning of Hengkantou Village, Zhejiang Province.”Urban and Rural Development 7: 40-2.[10] Yang, M., 2009. “Rectification Planning of HengkantouVillage A Famous Historical and Cultural Village inZhejiang Province.” Interior Design Construction 6:192-5.[11] Yang, M., Zhang, F.H., and Cao, X. M., 2016.“Investigation of Historical Districts of NationalHistorical and Cultural Cities Research Center theHistorical Town of Houliu, Shiquan,Shaanxi Province.”City Planning Review 2: 49-50.[12] Yang, M., Zhang, F.H., and Zheng, L.qun., 2017.“Investigation and Protection Research of ShaanxiZhashui Phoenix Town.” Housing Science 2: 30-4.

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Study on Ecological Landscape Design in Rural Sewage Treatment Taking Sanmenxia Lushi Sewage Treatment Station as an Example 140 wastewater of production, livestock manure and wastewater from breeding, etc., are discharged into nearby drains or river channels through simple drainage ways, and basically without any purification