ITU - SAE Global Ground Vehicle Standards Update

SAE GLOBAL GROUND VEHICLE STANDARDSJACK POKRZYWAjack.Pokrzywa@sae.orgCopyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.1

Global industry engagement makes a differenceGlobal Ground Vehicle StandardsCopyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.2

Global Ground Vehicle Standards structureExecutive Standards CommitteeMotor VehicleCouncilTruck & Bus CouncilConAG CouncilSpecialized mteSteeringTFTFTFTFMaterials Parts &Processes CouncilFuels & ncilTFGlobal Ground Vehicle StandardsCouncils: 6, Committees: 564Members: 8,800, Companies: 2,900Meetings: 1,500/yr.Global Ground Vehicle StandardsCopyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.3

Regulatory and Product Effect of SAE roduct O/IECGlobal Ground Vehicle StandardsItalyFranceEU1 country 1voteUKBMW, Daimler, Audi,VW, Continental, BoschFCA, Ford, GM, Aptiv,Magna, DelphiHonda, Nissan, Toyota,DensoWorldRegsJapanChinaS.Korea1 expert 1 voteCopyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.4

4 trends in mobilityGlobal Ground Vehicle ght SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.5

4 trends in mobilityGlobal Ground Vehicle ght SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.6

Automated - SAE Automation Standards – J3016 Global Ground Vehicle StandardsCopyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.7

SAE J3016 principles8.1 J3016 is not a specification and imposes no requirements.J3016 provides a logical taxonomy for classifying driving automationfeatures (and ADS-dedicated vehicles), along with a set of terms anddefinitions that support the taxonomy and otherwise standardize relatedconcepts, terms and usage in order to facilitate clear communications.As such, J3016 is a convention based upon reasonedagreement, rather than a technical specification.Global Ground Vehicle StandardsCopyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.8

Why level 3?Time and safety critical conditions (examples)AccidentsGlobal Ground Vehicle StandardsInclement weatherCopyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.Work zones9

Why level 3?Operational Design DomainRoad markingsGlobal Ground Vehicle StandardsDivided expresswayCopyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.Clear road signs10

Automated Levels – consumer versionGlobal Ground Vehicle StandardsCopyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.11

Automated – where SAE standards are developedOn‐RoadAutomated Driving(ORAD)CommitteeDefinitionsTask ForceISO/SAE JointDefinitionsTask ForcePlanning TaskForceScope:Taxonomy formotor vehicledrivingautomationsystems thatperform partor all of thedynamicdriving taskon asustainedbasisScope:Coordinateswith other SAEcommitteesand withexternalorganizationsdoingcomplementarywork, includingISO, UNECE,NHTSA, IEEE,ULCGlobal Ground Vehicle StandardsVerificationand ValidationTask ForceScope:Information andguidelines forverification andvalidation (V&V)of AutomatedDriving Systems(ADS).ReferenceArchitectureInterfacesTask at oninterfaces forLevels 3through 5ADS‐DV UserIssues forPersons withDisabilitiesTask ForceScope:gather anddevelopinformation onuser issuesspecific to thispopulation ofADS-DV usersCopyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.On RoadAutomatedDrivingManeuverTask ForceScope:Defineinformation,best practices,and standardsfor maneuversof on roadautomateddrivingsystems (ADSs)for automationlevels 3, 4, 5ADS TestingTask ForceScope:Gatheringpoint for theADS TestingprojectJ3018Task ForceScope:general safetyrelevantguidelines forperforming testsof prototypeautomateddriving systems(ADSs) equippedon test vehiclesoperated inmixed-trafficenvironments onpublic roadsInfra‐structureNeeds Relatedto AutomatedDriving ORADTask ForceScope:In-Progress12

Standards OverviewStandardDescriptionRecommended Practice: Taxonomy and Definitions for TermsRelated to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road MotorVehiclesJ3016TMSeminal standard for automated driving systems (ADS) thatdefines key terms and a hierarchy of automation (levels 0-5).Allows industry to speak with a common language aboutADS.Information Report: Guidelines for Safe On-Road Testing ofSAE Level 3, 4, and 5 Prototype Automated Driving Systems(ADS)J3018TMThis document provides guidelines for the safe conduct ofon-road tests of vehicles equipped with prototypeconditional, high, and full (levels 3-5) automated drivingsystems (ADSs), as defined by SAE J3016.Status / TimingOriginally published as an information report in 2014. CurrentRecommended Practice was published in September 2016.A revision was published by June 2018. Associated 1-page infographicexpected to be issued soon.Currently being revised jointly with ISO TC204 WG14 to further clarifyand refine definitions and specifically deepen the Operational DesignDomain (ODD) definition. May be published by end of 2019.Originally Published March 2015.The standard was re-opened in April 2018. Document revision isunderway. Updating contents by incorporating lessons-learned andmaking it compatible with related standards. Publication timing not yetfinalized, but potentially by Q2 2019.Recommended Practice: Automated Driving ReferenceArchitectureJ3131In development. Finalizing draft text prior to starting an ORADcommittee ballot. The first document, J3131/1 expected to ballot inDefines an ADS reference architecture that contains functional early 2019. ORAD experts anticipate follow-on document parts.modules supporting future application interfaces for Levels 3through 5 (J3016) with supporting terminology and bestpractices.Copyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.1313

Standards OverviewStandardJ3092J3171DescriptionInformation Report: Dynamic Test Procedures forVerification and Validation of Automated Driving SystemsIn development. Completing literature review of activities for morethan 20 entities across the world working on automated vehicles.Task Force intends for an eventual V&V Recommended Practice, but iscurrently is pursuing an Information Report.Information Report: ADS-DV User Issues for Persons withDisabilitiesIn development. The information report is being developed throughliterature review (including regulatory requirements, research papersand policy statements) and interviews with advocacy groups,government agencies, and researchers. Publication timing not yetfinalized, but potentially by mid-2019.It is expected that level 4 and 5 Automated Driving System dedicated vehicles (ADS-DVs) will eventually enable personsto travel at will who are otherwise unable to obtain a driver'slicense for a conventional vehicle, namely, persons withvisual, physical, and/or cognitive impairments.Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to AutomatedDriving System Behaviors and Maneuvers for On-RoadMotor VehiclesJ3164Status / TimingFocused on behaviors and maneuvers for ADS forautomation levels 3 through 5.Copyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.In development. Begun in January 2018. The task force will seek tocodify the behaviors and maneuvers for ADS levels 3-5. ReviewingNHTSA documents regarding human drivers and research fromCalifornia PATH and University of Waterloo.ORAD Committee feels that Variable Performance Testing for ADSactivities outside of the SAE standards committee structure will feedthis task force to develop more robust SAE standards. Likelystemming from a common approach to developing testing scenarioswill arise.1414

Non-ORAD Automation StandardsCommitteeOverviewDriving Automation SystemsThis Technical Committee is responsible for all safety & human factors issues concerningdriving automation systems and how these new technologies will impact the drivingexperience. This includes any vehicle that involves human operation, either in-vehicle orremotely located, transitioning into or out of Level 1 driving automation and above, and/orbased on any interaction of human road users with driving automation systems.J3114- Human Factors Definitions for Automated Driving and Related Research Topics (Dec2016)ADS Logger Task ForceThe Event Data Recorder Committee established this Task Force to detail ADS data elementsand definitions that can be gathered in crash or near-crash events in ADS. These additionaldata elements may be those useful for accident reconstruction involving an ADS-equippedvehicle or allowing determination of whether further analysis into the ADS systemperformance or non-ADS system performance is needed.ADS Lamps Task ForceSignaling and Marking Devices Standards Committee established this Task Force to developtest procedures, performance requirements, and design guidelines for autonomous vehiclelighting (J3134).Driving Skills CommitteeDrafting J3300 AV Safety Operator endorsement for test drivers (safety operators) on provinggrounds as a complement to the four skill levels defined in the foundational license.Copyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.1515

WP 29 Automated Vehicle ActivitiesWP29WP29IWG onEnforcementIWG onIMVTAGroupe derapporteurs(GRs)ITS/ADAutoVeh TFChair – Mr.Yarnold, UKSecretary – Mr.Alburno, CLEPAPhysical Certifican Tests& Audit SG-1Chair – Mr. Onoda, JapanSecretary – Mr. Oshita,OICAIWG onDETAGRVAGRBGRSGGRSPGRPEGREReal World Test DriveSG-2Chair – Mr. Striekwold, NLSecretary – Mr. Gouse, SAECopyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.16

SAE Office Of AutomationGlobal Ground Vehicle StandardsCopyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.17

4 trends in mobilityGlobal Ground Vehicle ght SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE International.18

Connected – where SAE standards are developedV2XCommunicationsSteeringCommitteeDSRC TechnicalCommitteeC‐V2X TechnicalCommitteeScope:DSRC Radioaccessspecific itemsScope:C-V2X Radioaccess-specificitemsGlobal Ground Vehicle pe:Lower layerunknownapplications thatmay require tteeScope:Over the Common tomultipleapplications orcommunicationtechnologiesCopyright SAE International. Further use or distribution is not permitted without permission from SAE ommitteeScope:Infrastructureapplicationsthat do notrequire trafficsignal dataTraffic calCommitteeScope:Infrastructureapplicationsthat requiretraffic signaldata plicationsfor tolling andfinancialtransactions19