Analysis Of Hydraulic System On Portable Electrical Hydraulic Jack

Advances in Engineering Research, volume 199Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Sustainable Innovation 2020–Technology,Engineering and Agriculture (ICoSITEA 2020)Analysis of Hydraulic System on Portable ElectricalHydraulic JackRinasa Agistya Anugrah1,*, Putri Rachmawati21,2Department of Mechanical Technology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, IndonesiaCorresponding author. Email: rinasaanugrah@umy.ac.id*ABSTRACTHydraulic systems have been widely used in several large industries, the use of hydraulics in industrial activities help the runningof related industrial activities. A large number of maintenance requests for the workshop requires a modern jack that can increasework productivity in the workshop. Also, designing a hydraulic jack to increasing its ability to make it easier, faster, and moremodern in operation. A hydraulic jack is made to consider the work safety factor of workers who use it. In this study alsoimproves the hydraulic jack capability better, namely analyzing the hydraulic system parts or hydraulic telescopic capabilitieson a portable electrical hydraulic jack. In this research, the method to analyze the lift force is to use Pascal's Law Concept. Themaximum initial force mechanism to lift the load on the lifting hydraulic pump is 5.35 kg or in a percentage of about 0,38% ofthe load. Then, the position of the hydraulic cylinder tilt angle before working is 11.53 , while the position of the hydrauliccylinder tilt angle in maximum extension is 40.83 . Linear trend on height of jack, length of hydraulic cylinder, and angle ofinclination indicate the hydraulic system of the portable electrical hydraulic jack is work very well.Keywords— Hydraulic System, Hydraulic Cylinder, Angle of Inclination, Height of Jack, Lift Force1. INTRODUCTIONNowadays hydraulic systems have been widely used inseveral large industries, the use of hydraulics in industrialactivities really helps the running of related industrialactivities. The application of hydraulic systems is usuallyused in various fields of the food industry, beverage industry,machinery industry, automotive industry, to the robotmanufacturing industry, and building construction industry.So that knowledge of the components of a hydraulic systemis very important in all branches of industry. To increase theeffectiveness and productivity of this system, it is necessaryto have a hydraulic system that can be combined with othersystems such as mechanics, so that more optimalperformance will be obtained [1].One of the uses of the hydraulic system used in theautomotive industry is a hydraulic jack [1], [2]. Byincreasing the ability of the hydraulic jack it is expected toincrease work productivity which is getting higher [2]. In2020 car sales in Europe reached nearly 14 million, althoughthere was a decline from 2019, which was 18 million due tothe Covid-19 pandemic [3]. By looking at the large numberof cars circulating to consumers, it can be concluded that tensof millions is a large number. and this is a potential businessin the workshop. Which equipment such as hydraulic jack isa must that must be fulfilled by the workshop owner. Thelarge number of maintenance requests for the workshoprequires a modern jack that can increase work productivityin the workshop.In every car repair shop in Indonesia, both official andnon-official, almost every repair shop has a jack as a tool toassist mechanics in repairing car components. In developingtechnology in the hydraulic field, an analysis is needed thatcan produce a product with the best quality and get workeffectiveness to meet the quality of production results.Among them are using a hydraulic system on a manual jackand modified into a hydraulic jack. A hydraulic jack is amechanical means for raising a car that works with fluid. Inimplementing its function, the jack is a support that acceptsthe car's load. In Indonesia, the working principle of thehydraulic jack that is used generally still uses manual driveor human power.Likewise, the hydraulic jack application in theconstruction industry. In one study, they designed amultipurpose hydraulic tool for door installation, for doorand gate installations and for moving goods, because it isequipped with wheels on this hydraulic jack. This tool canshorten the installation work time by up to two times fasterfor plastic and wooden doors, while the installation of thegate is one and a half times faster. In fact, this work can bedone by half of the number of workers who use ordinaryjacks [4].Therefore, design development is very important and isalways done to increase the ability of the jack and acceleratethe work productivity of the workers. Like only developmentthrough numerical research or simulation with computers tosolve problems by predicting through theory and numericalcalculations and then adding an automation system to theCopyright 2021 The Authors. Published by Atlantis Press B.V.This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license 3

Advances in Engineering Research, volume 199jack [5]. The problem that often occurs is the length of timeinstalled or working with the hydraulic jack, so it isnecessary to make it easier to use the jack which is then madeautomated. The designs are developed and made morecompact but have better capabilities [6]–[9].In designing a hydraulic jack in addition to increasing itsability to make it easier, faster, and more modern inoperation, a hydraulic jack is made to also consider the worksafety factor of the workers who use it [10], [11]. Severalstudies have developed towards the use of renewable energyas a source of electricity from hydraulic jack drives withsolar cells, one of which is a study that combines a bottle jackwith an electric motor drive, the source of which is a batterywhose electric current is supplied by solar cells [10]. So thatin this study also improve the hydraulic jack capabilitybetter, namely analyzing the hydraulic system parts orhydraulic telescopic (hydraulic cylinder) capabilities onportable electrical hydraulic jack. The design and analyticalfor capability of lifting forces have been discussed in paperpublished before [12].F2 F1 x r22(5)r21The information of the equations:p1 p2 PressureF1 Force on piston pumpF2 Lifting Force of Electrical Hydraulic JackA1 Cross-sectional area of piston pumpA2 Cross-sectional area of piston valve in outlet pumpr1 Radius of input pistonr2 Radius of output pistonThen, by using the concept of pascal, a scheme like thefollowing is created in Figure 2.2. RESEARCH METHODSDesign of frame of portable electrical hydraulic jack in3D form is shown in Figure 1 below. The jack is using forautomotive vehicles when they will have been being repairedfrom the ground of them. It is powered by an electrical motordrive for giving some energy to lift it when it will be used.Figure 2 Concept of Pascal Law to Calculate Lifting forceThe balance term is MB 0 ( FA . X1 ) - ( FC . X2 ) ( 4570 . 0,85 ) - ( 4570 . 0,85 ) 3884,5 – 3884,5 0 (in balance)Figure 1 3D Form Design of Frame of Portable ElectricalHydraulic Jack [12]In this research, the method to calculate the lift forceusing Pascal's Law Concept, namely the pressure will be thesame in a hydraulic system. There is a difference in the entryand exit forces due to the piston cross-sectional area.Equations 1 to 5 are used in this paper.𝑝1 𝑝2F1A1 F2 F2 F2(1)From the kinematic analysis that occurs in the principleof equilibrium, the results of the magnitude of the force ateach fulcrum are 466.67 kg 4.57 kN in units of g 9.8 m/s 2and the workpiece balance, the moment of force at the pointB (MB 0).The method of calculation the angle of inclination of thehydraulic cylinder are as follows :1. Measure the height of the jack.2. Measure the length of the hydraulic cylinder.3. Use arcus trigonometry of sinus, the ratio of sinusis the dividing of height of the jack with the lengthof hydraulic cylinder.(2)A2F1 x A2A1F1 x π.r22π.r21ca(3)θ (4)b204

Advances in Engineering Research, volume 199Figure 3 Concept of trigonometry to calculate the angle ofinclinationBased on Figure 3 above so can be used the equation withprincipal of arcus sinus as following equation 6 and 7.sin 𝜃 𝑎(6)𝑐𝑎sin 1 ( ) 𝜃 (7)𝑐3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONIn accordance with the dimensions of the HydraulicCylinder shown in Table 1, the actual measurementsobtained from the author's measurements with the caliperare:Figure 4. Testing the Portable Electrical Hydraulic Jackwith an MPV CarTable 1. Measurement Results of the ComponentsNo.12345678ComponentsOuter Diameter of Hydraulic CylinderInner Diameter of Hydraulic CylinderDiameter of Hydraulic StrokeDiameter of Piston PumpDiameter of Piston Valve in OutletPumpLength of Hydraulic CylinderLength of Hydraulic StrokeThickness of Main Cylinder WallLength6 cm5 cm3 cm1,9 cm0,6 cm8 cm7 cm1 cmFrom the results of the analysis, the specification datathat has known the weight of the object is 1400 kg and thecross-sectional area 1 has a radius of diameter (r) 3 mm 0.003 m, so it can be seen that A1 0.0003 m2. While thecross-sectional area 2 has a radius of (r) 50 mm 0.05 m, itcan be seen that A2 0.008 m2, because the diameter of ahydraulic cylinder has a diameter of 50 mm in one hydrauliccylinder while in the Electrical Portable Hydraulic Jack toolhas 2 hydraulic cylinder rods. Based on the results of theanalysis of the hydraulic system on the Electrical PortableHydraulic Jack, after knowing the specification data, thepower needed to lift the MPV (Multi-Purpose Vehicle) car,Testing shown in Figure 4, with a capacity of 1.4 tonsrequires a maximum power of 52.5 N or 5.35 kg at the initialpressure of the pump.From the results of this analysis, there is a comparisonvalue between the hydraulic pump and the load of the MPVcar, which can be assumed in the result in Table 2 below:Table 2. Data of ForcesF1 (Force of Hydraulicpump)5,35 kg1 kgF2 (weight of the MPV car)1400 kg262 kgThe angle of inclination (tilted angle) of the hydrauliccylinder when hydraulic telescopic have not yet working isθ 11,53 . The scheme to explain that is shown in Figure5 below. How could this happen, the answer is because inthe position there is no stress on the hydraulic fluid not atzero degrees because it provides a safe limit for the initiallift.Figure 5. Tilted Angle of Hydraulic Cylinder Before WorkThe angle of inclination of the hydraulic cylinder at thetime of maximum hydraulic telescopic displacement is θ 40,83 . The scheme to explain that is shown in Figure 6below. The telescopic elongated to maximum length untilstuck in position. The maximum tilt angle magnificationlimit is not up to 50 degrees because this point is the safethreshold of the tilt angle of a hydraulic telescopic whenused. So that in this design there is a degree difference ofabout 18% from the safety threshold.205