Stand-Alone Operating Systems - Eastern Mediterranean University

Stand-AloneOperating SystemsCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall1

Stand-AloneOperating Systems Microsoft Windows 7– Six versions Starter Home Basic Home Premium Professional Enterprise Ultimate– More efficient than previous versions– Compatibility issues resolved– New features Jump list Pin Snap Windows SearchCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall2

Stand-AloneOperating Systems Microsoft Windows Vista– Five versions Basic Home Premium Business Ultimate Enterprise– Replaced Windows XP– Supports tablet PCs and other mobile devices– New and improved features, such as: Search Networking tools Integrated speech recognition Gadgets—applications that appear as iconsCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall3

Stand-AloneOperating Systems Mac OS– Used on Macintosh personal computers– Stable, simple to use– Latest version is Mac OS X Snow LeopardCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall4

Stand-AloneOperating SystemsCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall5

Stand-AloneOperating Systems UNIX– Features preemptive multitasking– Has many versions that are not compatible– Hard to use—defaults to a command-line userinterface– Mac OS X is based on UNIXCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall6

Stand-AloneOperating Systems LinuxDeveloped by Linus Torvalds in 1991Open source software—source code is available to usersPowerful, freeFeatures such as Multitasking Virtual memory Internet support GUI– Gaining acceptance for Web servers– Disadvantages Lack of technical support prevents adoption in corporateenvironments Difficult to run Microsoft Office applications––––Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall7

Stand-AloneOperating Systems PC Versus Mac Versus Linux– Platform—determined by combination of microprocessor chip &OS– PCs Dominate marketplace Windows OS Intel or AMD chip More software available– Macs Mac OS Motorola or IBM chip Most current OS can run Windows software Creative fields are almost exclusive to Mac– Linux Can be installed on PC or Mac More secure—fewer virusesCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall8

Stand-AloneOperating SystemsCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall9

Stand-AloneOperating Systems Server operating systems– Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Used in corporate environments to support client/server systems Benefits include:––––SecurityWeb serverAdministrationVirtualization– Other server operating systems Unix Linux Netware by Novell Solaris Mac OS X ServerCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall10

Stand-AloneOperating Systems Embedded operating systems––––Designed for specific applicationsCompact and efficientEliminate many unneeded features of OSsUsed in PDAs, cell phones, kitchen appliances,point-of-sale devices, industrial robots, etc.Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall11

Stand-AloneOperating Systems Microsoft Windows Mobile– Designed for smartphones and PDAs– Includes simplified versions of Windowsprograms– Supports handwriting recognition andvoice recording– Supports synchronizing withcorresponding programs on desktopcomputersCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall12

Stand-AloneOperating Systems More embedded operating systems– Window CE Used in devices such as hand-held PCs, video gameplayers, digital cameras, and industrial products such asbarcode readers– Palm OS Developed for PDAs—currently used in smartphonessuch as Palm Pixi– Symbian OS Open industry standard operating system for dataenabled mobile phones with many add-on devicesCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall13

Stand-AloneOperating SystemsCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall14

Stand-AloneOperating Systems More embeddedoperating systems– Android Supports CDMA (CodeDivision Multiple Access) andmore screen resolutions– iPhone OS Features– Genius Mixes– Genius Recommendations– Saving video from mailand MMS into CameraRoll– Save a New Clip optionCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall15

System Utilities:Housekeeping Tools System utilities (utilityprograms)– Software programs—essential to effectivemanagement of the computer system– Perform tasks such as: Backing up files Providing antivirus protection Searching for and managing files Compressing files Providing accessibility utilities to individualswith special needsCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall16

System Utilities:Housekeeping Tools Backup software—copiesdata found on the hard diskto a backup device– Full backups—include all files anddata– Incremental backups—include onlythose files changed or added sincethe previous backup– Drive imaging software—creates amirror image of the entire hard driveCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall17

System Utilities:Housekeeping ToolsCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall18

System Utilities:Housekeeping Tools Antivirus software—protects the computer fromviruses– Popular antivirus programs: BitDefender Antivirus Kaspersky Anti-virus Webroot AntiVirus witSpySweeper Norton AntiVirus ESET Nod32 AntivirusCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall19

System Utilities:Housekeeping Tools Searching for and managingfiles– File manager—utility software that organizes andmanages data Copy files Determine how and where files are stored Delete files– Search utility—enables you to locate filesCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall20

System Utilities:Housekeeping ToolsCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall21

System Utilities:Housekeeping ToolsCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall22

System Utilities:Housekeeping Tools Scanning and defragmentingdisks– Disk scanning programs—find and resolve disk file storage problems Bad sector—irregularity on the disk’s surface that renders a portionof the disk unable to store data reliably– Disk cleanup utilities—remove unnecessary files to save space– Fragmented disk—results from computer creating and erasing files onhard disk Causes disk access to slow while system looks in several locations tofind all file segments– Disk defragmentation programs—reorganize stored data in a moreefficient mannerCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall23

System Utilities:Housekeeping Tools File compression utilities– Decrease the size of files, resulting in fasterdownloads– Create archives by storing files in a specialformatCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall24

System Utilities:Housekeeping Tools Accessibilityutilities– Designed to makecomputing easier forindividuals with specialneeds Magnifier On-screen keyboard Speech recognition NarratorCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall25

System Utilities:Housekeeping Tools Systems update– Windows Update forWindows 7 and Vistaautomatically downloadsand installs updates.– Includes service packs,version upgrades, andsecurity updatesCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall26

System Utilities:Housekeeping Tools Troubleshooting– Keep a boot disk (emergency disk)—to loadthe operating system for emergencies– Use the Windows Help and Support utility– Shut down the system properly. Use correct procedure; don’t just turn thepower off. Put in sleep mode, a low-power state, as analternative.Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall27

System Utilities:Housekeeping Tools Safe mode– Windows loads aminimal set of driversknown to functioncorrectly– Use Control Panel todiscover devices thatare causing the problemCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall28

System Utilities:Housekeeping Tools Reliability and PerformanceMonitor– Helps determine when system’s performance began todegrade– Gives details about events that may have caused theproblem Help and Support– Available from Start menu– Includes several ways to manage and maintain thecomputerCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall29

Summary List the two major components ofsystem software. List the five basic functions of anoperating system. Explain why a computer needs anoperating system. Explain what happens when you turnon a computer.Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall30

Summary List the three major types of userinterfaces. List the three categories of operatingsystems. Discuss the strengths and weaknesses ofthe most popular operating systems. List the system utilities that areconsidered essential.Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall31

Summary Discuss data backup procedures. Understand troubleshooting techniquesand determine probable solutions toany operating system problems youmay encounter.Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice Hall32

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrievalsystem, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of thepublisher. Printed in the United States of America.Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Prentice HallCopyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall33

Operating Systems More embedded operating systems -Window CE Used in devices such as hand-held PCs, video game players, digital cameras, and industrial products such as barcode readers -Palm OS Developed for PDAs—currently used in smartphones such as Palm Pixi -Symbian OS Open industry standard operating system for data-