IBM SPSS Statistics 19 Core System User's Guide
i IBM SPSS Statistics 19 Core System User’s Guide
Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, read the general information under Notices on p. 414. This document contains proprietary information of SPSS Inc, an IBM Company. It is provided under a license agreement and is protected by copyright law. The information contained in this publication does not include any product warranties, and any statements provided in this manual should not be interpreted as such. When you send information to IBM or SPSS, you grant IBM and SPSS a nonexclusive right to use or distribute the information in any way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation to you. Copyright SPSS Inc. 1989, 2010.
Preface IBM SPSS Statistics IBM SPSS Statistics is a comprehensive system for analyzing data. SPSS Statistics can take data from almost any type of file and use them to generate tabulated reports, charts and plots of distributions and trends, descriptive statistics, and complex statistical analyses. This manual, the IBM SPSS Statistics 19 Core System User’s Guide, documents the graphical user interface of SPSS Statistics. Examples using the statistical procedures found in add-on options are provided in the Help system, installed with the software. In addition, beneath the menus and dialog boxes, SPSS Statistics uses a command language. Some extended features of the system can be accessed only via command syntax. (Those features are not available in the Student Version.) Detailed command syntax reference information is available in two forms: integrated into the overall Help system and as a separate document in PDF form in the Command Syntax Reference, also available from the Help menu. IBM SPSS Statistics Options The following options are available as add-on enhancements to the full (not Student Version) IBM SPSS Statistics Core system: Statistics Base gives you a wide range of statistical procedures for basic analyses and reports, including counts, crosstabs and descriptive statistics, OLAP Cubes and codebook reports. It also provides a wide variety of dimension reduction, classification and segmentation techniques such as factor analysis, cluster analysis, nearest neighbor analysis and discriminant function analysis. Additionally, SPSS Statistics Base offers a broad range of algorithms for comparing means and predictive techniques such as t-test, analysis of variance, linear regression and ordinal regression. Advanced Statistics focuses on techniques often used in sophisticated experimental and biomedical research. It includes procedures for general linear models (GLM), linear mixed models, variance components analysis, loglinear analysis, ordinal regression, actuarial life tables, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and basic and extended Cox regression. Bootstrapping is a method for deriving robust estimates of standard errors and confidence intervals for estimates such as the mean, median, proportion, odds ratio, correlation coefficient or regression coefficient. Categories performs optimal scaling procedures, including correspondence analysis. Complex Samples allows survey, market, health, and public opinion researchers, as well as social scientists who use sample survey methodology, to incorporate their complex sample designs into data analysis. Copyright SPSS Inc. 1989, 2010 iii
Conjoint provides a realistic way to measure how individual product attributes affect consumer and citizen preferences. With Conjoint, you can easily measure the trade-off effect of each product attribute in the context of a set of product attributes—as consumers do when making purchasing decisions. Custom Tables creates a variety of presentation-quality tabular reports, including complex stub-and-banner tables and displays of multiple response data. Data Preparation provides a quick visual snapshot of your data. It provides the ability to apply validation rules that identify invalid data values. You can create rules that flag out-of-range values, missing values, or blank values. You can also save variables that record individual rule violations and the total number of rule violations per case. A limited set of predefined rules that you can copy or modify is provided. Decision Trees creates a tree-based classification model. It classifies cases into groups or predicts values of a dependent (target) variable based on values of independent (predictor) variables. The procedure provides validation tools for exploratory and confirmatory classification analysis. Direct Marketing allows organizations to ensure their marketing programs are as effective as possible, through techniques specifically designed for direct marketing. Exact Tests calculates exact p values for statistical tests when small or very unevenly distributed samples could make the usual tests inaccurate. This option is available only on Windows operating systems. Forecasting performs comprehensive forecasting and time series analyses with multiple curve-fitting models, smoothing models, and methods for estimating autoregressive functions. Missing Values describes patterns of missing data, estimates means and other statistics, and imputes values for missing observations. Neural Networks can be used to make business decisions by forecasting demand for a product as a function of price and other variables, or by categorizing customers based on buying habits and demographic characteristics. Neural networks are non-linear data modeling tools. They can be used to model complex relationships between inputs and outputs or to find patterns in data. Regression provides techniques for analyzing data that do not fit traditional linear statistical models. It includes procedures for probit analysis, logistic regression, weight estimation, two-stage least-squares regression, and general nonlinear regression. Amos (analysis of moment structures) uses structural equation modeling to confirm and explain conceptual models that involve attitudes, perceptions, and other factors that drive behavior. About SPSS Inc., an IBM Company SPSS Inc., an IBM Company, is a leading global provider of predictive analytic software and solutions. The company’s complete portfolio of products — data collection, statistics, modeling and deployment — captures people’s attitudes and opinions, predicts outcomes of future customer interactions, and then acts on these insights by embedding analytics into business processes. SPSS Inc. solutions address interconnected business objectives across an entire organization by focusing on the convergence of analytics, IT architecture, and business processes. Commercial, government, and academic customers worldwide rely on SPSS Inc. technology as a competitive advantage in attracting, retaining, and growing customers, while reducing fraud iv
and mitigating risk. SPSS Inc. was acquired by IBM in October 2009. For more information, visit http://www.spss.com. Technical support Technical support is available to maintenance customers. Customers may contact Technical Support for assistance in using SPSS Inc. products or for installation help for one of the supported hardware environments. To reach Technical Support, see the SPSS Inc. web site at http://support.spss.com or find your local office via the web site at http://support.spss.com/default.asp?refpage contactus.asp. Be prepared to identify yourself, your organization, and your support agreement when requesting assistance. Customer Service If you have any questions concerning your shipment or account, contact your local office, listed on the Web site at http://www.spss.com/worldwide. Please have your serial number ready for identification. Training Seminars SPSS Inc. provides both public and onsite training seminars. All seminars feature hands-on workshops. Seminars will be offered in major cities on a regular basis. For more information on these seminars, contact your local office, listed on the Web site at http://www.spss.com/worldwide. Additional Publications The SPSS Statistics: Guide to Data Analysis, SPSS Statistics: Statistical Procedures Companion, and SPSS Statistics: Advanced Statistical Procedures Companion, written by Marija Norušis and published by Prentice Hall, are available as suggested supplemental material. These publications cover statistical procedures in the SPSS Statistics Base module, Advanced Statistics module and Regression module. Whether you are just getting starting in data analysis or are ready for advanced applications, these books will help you make best use of the capabilities found within the IBM SPSS Statistics offering. For additional information including publication contents and sample chapters, please see the author’s website: http://www.norusis.com v
Contents 1 Overview 1 What’s new in version 19?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Designated window versus active window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Status Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Dialog boxes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Variable names and variable labels in dialog box lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Resizing dialog boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Dialog box controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Selecting variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Data type, measurement level, and variable list icons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Getting information about variables in dialog boxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Basic steps in data analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Statistics Coach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Finding out more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2 Getting Help 9 Getting Help on Output Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3 Data Files 11 Opening Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 To Open Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data File Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Opening File Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reading Excel 95 or Later Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reading Older Excel Files and Other Spreadsheets . . Reading dBASE Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reading Stata Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reading Database Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Text Wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reading IBM SPSS Data Collection Data . . . . . . . . . . File Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 28 37 39
Saving Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 To Save Modified Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . Saving Data Files in External Formats. . . . Saving Data Files in Excel Format. . . . . . . Saving Data Files in SAS Format . . . . . . . Saving Data Files in Stata Format. . . . . . . Saving Subsets of Variables. . . . . . . . . . . Exporting to a Database. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exporting to IBM SPSS Data Collection . . Protecting Original Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 40 42 43 44 45 46 58 59 Virtual Active File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Creating a Data Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 4 Distributed Analysis Mode 62 Server Login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Adding and Editing Server Login Settings. To Select, Switch, or Add Servers . . . . . . Searching for Available Servers. . . . . . . . Opening Data Files from a Remote Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 64 65 65 File Access in Local and Distributed Analysis Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Availability of Procedures in Distributed Analysis Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Absolute versus Relative Path Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5 Data Editor 68 Data View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Variable View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 To display or define variable attributes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Variable names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Variable measurement level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Variable type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Variable labels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Value labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inserting line breaks in labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Missing values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Column width. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Variable alignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Applying variable definition attributes to multiple variables . . vii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 70 71 72 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 77
Custom Variable Attributes . . Customizing Variable View . . . Spell checking . . . . . . . . . . . Entering data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 82 82 83 To enter numeric data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . To enter non-numeric data. . . . . . . . . . . . To use value labels for data entry. . . . . . . Data value restrictions in the data editor . Editing data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 84 84 84 84 Replacing or modifying data values . . . . . Cutting, copying, and pasting data values Inserting new cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inserting new variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . To change data type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Finding cases, variables, or imputations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 85 86 86 87 87 Finding and replacing data and attribute values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Case selection status in the Data Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Data Editor display options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Data Editor printing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 To print Data Editor contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 6 Working with Multiple Data Sources 92 Basic Handling of Multiple Data Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Working with Multiple Datasets in Command Syntax. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Copying and Pasting Information between Datasets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Renaming Datasets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Suppressing Multiple Datasets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 7 Data preparation 96 Variable properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Defining Variable Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 To Define Variable Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Defining Value Labels and Other Variable Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Assigning the Measurement Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Custom Variable Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copying Variable Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting measurement level for variables with unknown measurement level. . . viii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 . . . 98 . . 100 . . 101 . . 102 . . 103
Multiple Response Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Defining Multiple Response Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Copying Data Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 To Copy Data Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selecting Source and Target Variables . . Choosing Variable Properties to Copy . . . Copying Dataset (File) Properties . . . . . . . Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Identifying Duplicate Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 109 111 112 115 115 Visual Binning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 To Bin Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binning Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automatically Generating Binned Categories . Copying Binned Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . User-Missing Values in Visual Binning . . . . . . 8 Data Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 119 121 123 124 126 Computing Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Compute Variable: If Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 Compute Variable: Type and Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Missing Values in Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Random Number Generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Count Occurrences of Values within Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Count Values within Cases: Values to Count. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Count Occurrences: If Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Shift Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Recoding Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 Recode into Same Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 Recode into Same Variables: Old and New Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Recode into Different Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Recode into Different Variables: Old and New Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Automatic Recode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Rank Cases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Rank Cases: Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Rank Cases: Ties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Date and Time Wizard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Dates and Times in IBM SPSS Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Create a Date/Time Variable from a String . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 ix
Create a Date/Time Variable from a Set of Variables. . Add or Subtract Values from Date/Time Variables . . . Extract Part of a Date/Time Variable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Time Series Data Transformations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 150 157 159 Define Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Create Time Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Replace Missing Values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 9 File Handling and File Transformations 165 Sort Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Sort Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 Transpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 Merging Data Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Add Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Add Cases: Rename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Add Cases: Dictionary Information. . . . . . Merging More Than Two Data Sources . . Add Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 171 171 171 Add Variables: Rename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Merging More Than Two Data Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Aggregate Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Aggregate Data: Aggregate Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Aggregate Data: Variable Name and Label. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Split File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Select Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 Select Cases: If . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Select Cases: Random Sample . . Select Cases: Range . . . . . . . . . . Weight Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 181 181 182 Restructuring Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 To Restructure Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructure Data Wizard: Select Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructure Data Wizard (Variables to Cases): Number of Variable Groups . . . . . Restructure Data Wizard (Variables to Cases): Select Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructure Data Wizard (Variables to Cases): Create Index Variables. . . . . . . . . Restructure Data Wizard (Variables to Cases): Create One Index Variable . . . . . . Restructure Data Wizard (Variables to Cases): Create Multiple Index Variables . . Restructure Data Wizard (Variables to Cases): Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructure Data Wizard (Cases to Variables): Select Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restructure Data Wizard (Cases to Variables): Sort Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 184 188 189 191 193 194 195 196 198
Restructure Data Wizard (Cases to Variables): Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 Restructure Data Wizard: Finish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 10 Working with Output 202 Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 Showing and Hiding Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Moving, Deleting, and Copying Output . . . . . . . . . Changing Initial Alignment . . . . . . . . . .
This manual, the IBM SPSS Statistics 19 Core System User's Guide, documents the graphical user interface of SPSS Statistics. Examples using the statistical procedures found in add-on options are provided in the Help system, installed with the software. In addition, beneath the menus and dialog boxes, SPSS Statistics uses a command language.
Basic Structure of IBM SPSS Statistics Data Files IBM SPSS Statistics data files are organized by cases (rows) and variables (columns). In this data file, cases represent individual respondents to a survey. Variables represent responses to each question asked in the survey. Reading IBM SPSS Statistics Data Files IBM SPSS Statistics data files .
SPSS for Windows Version 19.0: A Basic Tutorial Linda Fiddler, California State University, Bakersfield . all you have to do to start IBM SPSS is to point to the IBM SPSS 19 icon on the desktop and double click. Then wait while IBM SPSS loads. After IBM SPSS loads, you may, depending on how IBM SPSS is set up, get a menu that .
organization, and your support agreement when requesting assistance. IBM SPSS Statistics 19 Student Version The IBM SPSS Statistics 19 Student Version is a limited but still powerful version of SPSS Statistics. Capability The Student Version contains many of the important data analysis tools contained in IBM SPSS Statistics, including:
The following is a simple example of using the IBM SPSS Statistics - Integration Plug-in for Java to create a dataset in IBM SPSS Statistics, compute descriptive statistics and generate output. It illustrates the basic features of invoking IBM SPSS Statistics from an external Java application. import com.ibm.statistics.plugin.*;
On the SPSS Software Downloads page, Click on Access Customer Portal as shown in Figure 1 below: Figure 1 - SPSS Customer Portal 3. On the IBM SPSS Customer Portal page, click the symbol beside IBM SPSS Statistics as shown in Figure 2 below: Figure 2 - IBM SPSS Statistics File Location 4. You will be presented with a large list of files.
Here is what the three main windows in SPSS 17.0—SPSS Data Editor, SPSS Syntax Editor, and SPSS Viewer—look like in the Windows operating environment . The SPSS Data Editor window shows the active data file. The SPSS Syntax Editor window has an SPSS program typed into it. The results of the program appear in the SPSS Viewer window.
Statistics Student Version can do all of the statistics in this book. IBM SPSS Statistics GradPack includes the SPSS Base modules as well as advanced statistics, which enable you to do all the statistics in this book plus those in our IBM SPSS for Intermediate Statistics book (Leech et al., in press) and many others. Goals of This Book
IBM ODM IBM Operational Decision Manager IBM PMQ IBM Predictive Maintenance and Quality IBM SPSS ADM IBM SPSS Analytical Decision Management IBM SPSS C&D IBM SPSS Collaboration and Deployment Services JSON JavaScript Object Notation JVM Java Virtual Mac
