International Annual Titanium Report Association

ITA BOARD OF DIRECTORS The original Board of Directors, as identified in the original 1984 Articles of Incorporation were: Conard Stitzlein, Astro Metallurgical Jan G. Barkman, TIMET John C. Durham, Chase Extrusions Dominic Strollo, RMI Titanium Robert S. Nycum, Titanium Industries Don C. Simmons, TiTech International, Inc. C. Edward Nelson, Oregon Metallurgical Corp. Dawne S. Hickton Hunter R. Dalton Henry S. Seiner Brett S. Paddock Dr. Markus Holz Donald E. Larsen Michael G. Metz Edward J. Newman Frank L. Perryman Edward Sobota, Jr. Jerry St. Clair Graham P. Walker Former CEO, RTI International Metals, Inc. Women in Titanium Chair ITA PRESIDENT President VSMPO Tirus US Nominating Chair 6 Executive Vice President, Strategic Growth Initiatives ITA VICE PRESIDENT Senior Vice President United Alloys & Metals Vice President, Business Strategy, TIMET Aero Applications Chair ITA SECRETARY TREASURER Pesident & CEO Perryman Company TITANIUM 2015 Chair President & CEO, T.I. Grant & Membership Chair ITA PAST PRESIDENT President TSI Titanium Awards Chair President, AMG’s Engineering Systems Division CEO, ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH Education Co-Chair Titanium EU Chair President Vulcanium Metals International Trade Show Chair Vice President Technology R&D ALCOA Titanium & Engineered Products Vice President Sales and Marketing AMETEK – Reading Alloys Education Co-Chair

ITA OFFICERS Dawne S. Hickton Former CEO, RTI International Metals, Inc. Women in Titanium Chair ITA PRESIDENT Dawne S. Hickton is the former Vice Chair, President and Chief Executive Officer of RTI International Metals, Inc. (RTI), where she was employed for over 18 years. RTI was a global supplier of advanced titanium and specialty metals products and services in commercial aerospace, defense, propulsion, medical device, energy and other markets. Ms. Hickton served as CEO from April 2007 until July 2015, when Alcoa acquired RTI. She currently represents Alcoa as President of the International Titanium Association and as a member of the Board of Governors for the Aerospace Industries Association. For the past 2 years Ms. Hickton has been recognized as one of the top 100 global leaders in STEM by STEMconnector. Ms. Hickton serves as chair of the Pittsburgh branch of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland. In addition, she is a member of the Board of Directors of Jacobs Engineering Group, Inc., one of the world’s largest and most diverse providers of technical professional and construction services, serving on the audit committee. She is also a member of the Board of Directors of Triumph Group, Inc., a global leader in manufacturing and overhauling aerospace structures, systems and components, and serves on that board’s audit and nominating and corporate governance committees. Ms. Hickton is a member of the Board of Directors of the Smithsonian’s National Air and Space Museum and a director of The Wings Club. She is a member of the University of Pittsburgh’s Board of Trustees, serving on the student affairs and property and facilities committees, as well as chairing the School of Law’s Board of Visitors. In addition, she serves on the Advisory Council of the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute. Ms. Hickton is a 1979 graduate of the University of Rochester and received her law degree from the University of Pittsburgh, School of Law in 1983. She resides in Pittsburgh with her husband, The Honorable David J. Hickton, U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Pennsylvania, and their children. 7 Hunter R. Dalton Executive Vice President, Strategic Growth Initiatives ITA VICE PRESIDENT Hunter Dalton joined ATI in August 1981. He was appointed the Manager of Manufacturing Engineering in March 1984. In October 1986, Hunter was promoted to Director of Purchasing for ATI Allvac’s five facilities. He was named Plant Manager of the Monroe Billet Operations in September 1996 and promoted to General Manager of the Nickel & Specialty Steel Forged Products SBU in March 1998. In April 1999, Hunter was named Vice President of Operations and Continuous Improvement. Hunter assumed additional responsibility for Allvac Ltd operations in November 2001. In November 2003, he was promoted to Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing. Hunter was named President of ATI Allvac effective April 1, 2008, and Group President of ATI Long Products effective October 1, 2008. In August 2010, Hunter also assumed responsibility for ATI Powder Metals business unit. In April 2011, Hunter was named Executive Vice President of ATI Long Products. In March 2014, Hunter was named Executive Vice President of the ATI High Performance Specialty Materials Group and continues to serve as President of ATI Specialty Materials (formerly ATI Allvac). Effective August 2015, Hunter serves as Executive Vice President, Strategic Growth Initiatives and continues to report to Richard J. Harshman, ATI’s Chairman, President and CEO, and also continues to serve on ATI’s Executive Leadership Council. Non-ATI work experience includes two appointments as an independent consultant to the Department of Defense, National Stockpile Advisory Committee. Hunter has served as a member of the Advisory Board of the University of North CarolinaCharlotte, Belk College of Business, and is a past member of South Piedmont Community College Foundation Board. He is a member of the National Economic Survey Group, Institute of Supply Management, Institute of Industrial Engineers, and ASM International. He currently serves on the Monroe Economic Development Commission and the Board of Directors of International Titanium Association. Hunter lives in Monroe, NC, and has one adult son.

ITA OFFICERS Continued Henry S. Seiner Vice President, Business Strategy, TIMET Aero Applications Chair ITA SECRETARY TREASURER Mr. Seiner, TIMET’s Vice President of Business Strategy, oversees the Marketing, Product Management, Purchasing and Production Planning organizations for TIMET. In this role, he has responsibility for and visibility into all aspects of TIMET’s supply chain. Henry is based in TIMET’s Toronto, OH facility — which is geographically and structurally in the middle of TIMET’s global supply chain. He has held various positions in Production Planning, Manufacturing, Purchasing and Marketing in his 23 year tenure at TIMET. Prior to coming to TIMET, Henry spent six years at U. S. Steel Corporation in Sales, Marketing and Production Planning. His educational background includes a Masters Degree from Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, PA and a Bachelor’s Degree from Duke University in Durham, NC. Henry is a native of Pittsburgh and continues to reside in Western Pennsylvania. 8 Brett S. Paddock President & CEO T.I. Titanium Industries, Incorporated Grant & Membership Chair ITA PAST PRESIDENT Brett Paddock is the President and CEO of T.I. (Titanium Industries, Inc.), one of the largest independent providers of High Performance Metal mill products. T.I. sells a full line of titanium products into major markets from its 18 global facilities, and provides supply chain management and value added services to a diverse global customer base. In addition to serving as the Past President of the ITA board, Mr. Paddock is currently the Chairman of the ITA’s Grant and Membership Committee. His diverse metals background consists of engineering consulting, fabrication, manufacturing, contracting, sales and various management roles. Brett holds a Bachelor of Science in Engineering and a Master of Science in Structural Mechanics from Lehigh University, and is a licensed professional engineer.

CAMPAIGNS & INITIATIVES TITANIUM Conference & Planning TITANIUM EUROPE 2015 Conference Chair: TITANIUM USA 2015 Conference Chair: Dr. Markus Holz. President, AMG’s Engineering Systems Division & CEO - ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH Frank L. Perryman, President & CEO - Perryman Company Experts, Executives and Engineers gathered to discuss supply, demand, distribution and global supply chain at TITANIUM EUROPE & TITANIUM USA symposiums in 2015. Supply and demand, and the various business and technology trends driving the industry, took center stage at the TITANIUM Conferences held in Birmingham England and Orlando, Florida in 2015. Conference presenters declared the future continues to look promising for titanium in the commercial aerospace business sector considering the wave of new titaniumintensive jets that are slated to ramp up production in the near term, as well as the evaluation of airline profitability, moderate fuel costs and the projected, escalating trend of passenger miles. The consensus from presenters is Titanium will continue to be a material of choice in commercial aerospace given the ongoing globalization of the supply chain, the roll out of new, higher performance titanium alloys and the anticipated technological advances in 3D/Additive manufacturing. Titanium continues to dominate in the compression section of jet engines, in applications such as fan blades, but today its position as a material of choice is being challenged by composites and aluminum alloys. Titanium aluminides are making inroads in the combustion section of turbofan jets, being positioned as an alternative to nickel-based super alloys. In terms of titanium demand, while overall U.S. defense spending has plateaued, pockets of growth remain in defense aerospace. Examples are the F22 and F35 fighter jets which are great programs for titanium. It is likely there will be growing demand for military hardware in the near term, among the bright spots will be a continuation of legacy programs, as well as new programs, for fixed-wing and rotary-wing military aircraft. Titanium demand for defense applications will continue to be driven by volatile environments throughout the world. The emphasis remains on the need for supply chains to reduce costs and improve efficiencies. Taking the cost out of the supply chain and improving performance was an underlying message throughout the symposium. Examples of new innovation include the development of titanium aluminides, progress in 3D/additive manufacturing, and novel bonding, welding and joining technologies. TITANIUM EUROPE 2015 was held at the Hilton Birmingham Metropole in Birmingham, England UK with 400 delegates. TITANIUM USA 2015 was held at the Rosen Shingle Creek Resort in Orlando, Florida USA with 900 delegates in attendance. Delegates from 25 countries participated in both events. A complete overview of the most recent TITANIUM Conferences are available for download on the ITA Website. Furthermore, Video Conference Proceedings are also available to the public through the Website. 9

CAMPAIGNS & INITIATIVES Continued Grant & Scholarship Initiatives: 2015 Members Mission: Brett S. Paddock, President & CEO – T. I. - Titanium Industries, Incorporated (Chair) Edward A. Sobota, Jr., President - TSI Titanium Edward J. Newman, Senior Vice President United Alloys & Metals, Inc. To develop, promote and help all activities involved with ITA grants, which include but are not limited to the application development award and ITA scholarship programs. Objective: Recommending awards and scholarship to contribute to the growth of the overall titanium industry and to promote the selection of titanium as a competitive material by providing fundamental knowledge about Titanium and its applications. 2015 Titanium Applications Development Award Christopher Higgins, the Cecil and Sally Drinkward Professor of Structural Engineering in the School of Civil and Construction Engineering at Oregon State University, is the recipient of the 2015 International Titanium Association’s (ITA) Titanium Application Development Award. Chris Higgins was awarded for his role in developing a novel titanium application for repairing highway infrastructure. The Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT), Salem, OR, Dr. Christopher Higgins selected a repair concept by Dr. Higgins—a titanium “staple” to reinforce fractures in the reinforced concrete— which was deployed by ODOT on the Mosier Bridge, an “overcrossing” of Interstate 84, which is a major east/west corridor for the state. Dr. Higgins designed the idea of the staple and the requirement of a surface treatment that would allow titanium alloy bars to be used to strengthen concrete bridges. Perryman Company manufactured the titanium staples and developed the methods to produce the surface treatment. Oregon State tested alternatives and selected the final pattern. Frank Perryman, president and chief executive officer of Perryman Company, said repair work, using the titanium staples, was completed in June 2014. As a result, this is believed be the first titanium-reinforced concrete bridge in the world. 10 Mosier Bridge, located above milepost 69.65 of Interstate 84, is a fourspan reinforced concrete, deck-girder bridge, which originally was built in 1950 and widened in 1959. According to information posted on the Oregon state government website, a routine bridge inspection in May 2013 identified significant cracking in the bridge’s girders and determined a number of crossbeams were “structurally deficient.” After making these observations, ODOT contacted Dr. Higgins. He reviewed the plans and independently determined “that the bridge members had little reserve strength and the loads on it were close to the calculated collapse load. This was verified by tests of full-size replicas of the bridge girders in the lab. I recommended they close, post and/or shore it up until it could be fixed.” By coincidence, Dr. Higgins said that, at the time, he and the students in his laboratory were doing research work on using “non-traditional metallics” to remedy deteriorating infrastructure. Going through his network of business associates, Dr. Higgins was introduced to Warren George, an Oregon-based Perryman Company engineer.

Based on research at Oregon State, ODOT called for the use of titanium staples to fortify the bridge. Dr. Higgins explained that carbon fiber typically is the material of choice for such repair work. However, he gave credit to ODOT for not being intimidated to consider an innovative alternative. The titanium approach prevailed and, in addition to providing design and structural advantages to carbon fiber, it proved to offer an overall cost savings of 30 percent. Dr. Christopher Higgins & Brett Paddock, Grant Comm Chair The Oregon government website indicated that repairing this bridge was a “high priority for ODOT” because the load restrictions impacted local businesses in the area. As a result, “strengthening of the bridge was put on an accelerated schedule.” Dr. Higgins praised ODOT for recognizing the concept of a “total life-cycle cost system approach” for the bridge project. Jim Perryman Sr., the founder of Perryman Company, “took this bridge project to heart and was the driving force,” according to his son, Frank Perryman, the company president and chief executive officer. “This was truly a team approach to achieve the desired goal, having our people work with Professor Higgins and the ODOT. It was an exciting process for us.” Frank Perryman described the titanium staples as “near-surface mount” components that reinforce the concrete structure. The staples were fabricated at different lengths, depending on distance needed to span the beams. Each staple, a titanium aerospace-grade 6/4 alloy, was designed with surface grooves along the length of each staple to enhance their “holding characteristics.” He pointed out that one important design advantage for the titanium staples, compared with carbon fiber bars, was the ability to incorporate L-shape end hooks, which anchored the staples in the reinforced concrete. When it comes to infrastructure, cost must be weighed against public safety. Dr. Higgins said that cost is always an issue, but the hardest part is getting past the “too-expensive” first reaction when it comes to specifying a material like titanium. “You’re not buying a construction material by the pound; you’re buying it by its performance and long-term, life-cycle costs,” he said. “There are lots of needs when it comes to infrastructure, but there are limited dollars to pay for projects. My discipline (civil engineering) is a very conservative field. If cost is a critical issue, then we must spend wisely with the money that is available. This means that instead of replacing and rebuilding a bridge, we’ll need to find ways to better maintain and strengthen existing structures.” Given its properties of strength, ductility and the ability to be impervious to weather and corrosion from roadways that are salted during winter months, Dr. Higgins said cost issues actually could favor titanium for future infrastructure applications. He said there are many ways to measure cost, such as the inconvenience and drop in productivity from closing an important road system, as well as and the time and effort it take to complete the repair work. Dr. Higgins, working with Perryman Company, was cited for his role in developing a novel titanium application for repairing highway infrastructure. Professor Higgins was presented with the prestigious award by ITA Grant Committee Chair, Brett Paddock, the President and CEO of T. I. Titanium Industries, Inc. at the TITANIUM 2015 Conference on Tuesday, October 6th in Orlando, Florida. View the TAD Award Acceptance Speech from the TITANIUM USA Conference on the ITA Website. 11

CAMPAIGNS & INITIATIVES Grant & Scholarship Initiatives Continued Congratulations to the 2015 Academic Scholarship Recipients ITA’s Grant Committee congratulates this year’s academic scholarship winners: Heaven R. Clark Kendall M. Lopez Rachel A. Jones William (Tyler) T. Reid Cleveland State University Youngstown State University Texas A&M University Carnegie Mellon University Thank You 2015 Academic Scholarship Sponsors! 12

CAMPAIGNS & INITIATIVES Continued Education Committee: 2015 Members Mission: Dr. Markus Holz. President - AMG’s Engineering Systems Division & CEO - ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH (CoChair) Graham P. Walker, Vice President, Sales and Marketing AMETEK – Reading Alloys (Co-Chair) Frauke Hogue, Metallographer Hogue Metallography (ITA Member, Workshop Instructor, Committee Member) To help facilitate the expanded use of titanium based products in existing and new market sectors and applications by enlarging the knowledge about Titanium through education, training and exchange of information with universities and other academic networks. Objective: To promote the selection of titanium as a competitive material providing fundamental knowledge about Titanium and its applications. Since 2014, ITA has been digitizing many of the past TMS World Titanium Conference Proceedings which are no longer published or available in print for purchase. By funding the conversion of past World Titanium Confer

Tekna Plasma Systems, Inc. Tenova Core The Olin Research Group, LLC Thermo Fisher Scientific TIFAST s.r.l. Timax International LLC Timesavers International B.V. TIMET, Titanium Metals Corporation TIODIZE Company, Inc. TiPro International Co. Ltd. TITAL GmbH Titanium Consulting & Trading S.r.l. Titanium Engineers, Inc. Titanium Fabrication .