Canada Canada Destructive / Non-destructive Inspection
MDEC 2004Natural ResourcesCanadaRessources naturellesCanadaDestructive / Non-destructiveInspection and Failure Analysis ofDiesel Particulate Filters andCatalytic ConvertersBrent RubeliNatural Resources Canada1CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESDiesel Emission Control Oxidation Catalysts: Ceramic monolith. Stainless steel. Diesel Particulate Filters: Ceramic monolith. Silicon carbide.2CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESS7P2 -1
MDEC 2004Mining Applications Manufacturer field trials. 2002 Ontario Ministry of Labour survey: 71% of devices are DOC-based. DEEP Research Activity: Diesel particulate filter projects. Maintenance practices. Regular purchasing and installation.3CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESRecognizing Device Failure Visual inspection at regular PM service: Disassembly and cleaning as required. Engine backpressure increase over baseline. Smoking exhaust. Engine performance loss. Emissions-based maintenance program. Regularly quantify device performance.4CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESS7P2 -2
MDEC 2004DOC Failure Modes Diesel Oxidation Catalyst: 5Clogging / masking of active sites (DPM).Poisoning – fuel sulphur, metals.Loss of washcoat and catalyst material.Physical damage: Melting of ceramic. Cracking (impact / thermal). Separation of metal foils – vibration.CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESIdentifying DOC Failures Visual Inspection:MeltingCloggingCracking6Foil separationCANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESS7P2 -3
MDEC 2004Corrective Actions Clogging: Regular cleaning procedure. Repair engine faults. Poisoning: Remove poison – Lower fuel sulphur. DOC will usually recover – test. Physical damage: Review application and installation. Advise correct handling / cleaning.7CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESDPF Failure Modes (1) Operational / Application: 8Clogging DPM – insufficient regeneration.Clogging ash – overdosing additive.Water ingress – vehicle cleaning.Oil ingress – turbocharger seal failure.Melting – uncontrolled regeneration.CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESS7P2 -4
MDEC 2004Visual Identification (1)CloggingDPMClogging ashWater ingressOil ingress9CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESBreakthrough of DPMPenetrationfailureTest for suspectedbreakthrough withcompressed air innormal flow direction.10CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESS7P2 -5
MDEC 2004DPF Failure Modes (2) Physical Damage: Surface damage: Impact abrasion – mishandling. Substrate contact with can or retainingrings – vibration / deterioration of mat. Melting – uncontrolled regeneration. Cracking – vibration / impact / thermalstress (regeneration).11CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESVisual Identification (2)SurfaceabrasionCracking and separationof cell blocksMatdeteriorationand can contactCracking12CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESS7P2 -6
MDEC 2004Destructive Inspection Visual inspection can be misleading to the 13failure mode and root cause.Several failures can have the same outwardappearance.For critical applications, further examinationof the failure may be required.Analysis can lead to changes in DPFapplication or corrective actions.CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESDestructive InspectionCore samplingSectioning14CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESS7P2 -7
MDEC 2004Destructive InspectionAsh pluggrowthExtent of oil contamination15Additive ash buildupCANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESDestructive InspectionCracking and breakthroughCracking and separation ofcell block units16Extensive meltingCANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESS7P2 -8
MDEC 2004Non-destructive Inspection Visual – Cheap, requires skilled operator to 17evaluate and analyze. Cause not known.Boroscope – Can identify if DPF failure iscracking or melting and thus provide insightinto possible cause. Labour intensive, slowto map extent of damage.X-ray photography - Quick location andextent of melt area, separation or cracking.CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESBoroscope AnalysisSample Boroscope Video- Identify melted area.- Cracking- Must go from “clean” side!- Extent of ash buildup.18CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESS7P2 -9
MDEC 2004X-ray InspectionCrackingMeltingKnown good sample19MeltingCANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESConclusions A variety of inspection methods are available 20for diesel particulate filters and catalysts atincreasing levels of complexity and cost.Visual inspection alone cannot alwaysclearly identify the cause of failure.The criticality of the vehicle application willdetermine the level of analysis required.CANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESS7P2 - 10
MDEC 2004Acknowledgements 21CANMET-MMSL Diesel LaboratoryCANMET-MMSL Rock Mechanics groupCERL – Explosives groupDEEPMcGinn IntegrationCANMET MINING AND MINERAL SCIENCES LABORATORIESS7P2 - 11
Natural Resources Ressources naturelles Canada Canada Destructive / Non-destructive Inspection and Failure Analysis of Diesel Particulate Filters and Catalytic Converters Brent Rubeli Natural Resources Canada 2 CANMET MINING AND MINER
the development of an on-site non-destructive testing technique to assess the performance of sealants on building facades. Tests were carried out on various . Non-destructive Non-destructive Vertical Horizontal simulated y 1.0858x - 10.229 0.9702 Non-destructive Semi-destructive Vertical - simulated y 0.6159x 33.565 0.8375 .
The rebound (Schmitz) hammer is one of the most popular non-destructive testing (NDT) methods used to test the strength of concrete. This is due to its relatively low cost and simplicity in use (Luke, 2012). Although the non-destructive testing (NDT) results are much quicker compared to the destructive methods, they are more of an approximation .
surprise that there are differences between outcomes of destructive and non-destructive testing as well. It is important to keep the differences in mind: Table 1: Important properties compared Destructive testing (Peel decohesion) Non-destructive testing (PAUT) Tests the strength Checks for deviations Only small part of the joint is investigated.
EN 571-1, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 1: General principles. EN 10204, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents. prEN ISO 3059, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing and magnetic particle testing - Viewing conditions. EN ISO 3452-3, Non-destructive testing - Penetrant testing - Part 3: Reference test blocks.
reliable type of testing, while non-destructive testing is a wide group of analysis techniques used in science and industry to evaluate the properties of a material, component or system without causing damage. Non-destructive testing can be applied to both old and new structures (Jedidi Malek, 2014).
control, the non-destructive test is consistent over time. And, since the control chart is consistent and predictable, you can use the average moving range to estimate the non-destructive test method variance and compare that to the total variance to find out how much of the variation is due to the non-destructive test.
Non-Destructive Testing Suranaree University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Teetut Dolwichai. 2 �าย (Non-Destructive Testing) . Introduction to
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