Status Of Laser Fusion Research In Japan
Status of Laser Fusion Research in JapanKunioki MimaInstitute of Laser Engineering, Osaka UniversityFusion Power Associate’08 December 3, 2008, CA, USA1
Outline Introduction1. FIREX project: LFEX laser2. A New target design for fast ignition3. Fusion neutron applications and future plan Summary
Fast Ignition opens a new rout to compact IF Reactor?Neutron Yield108Laser irradiationCompressionIgnition10 6Central ignition10 40.11PW laserHeating Laser Power (PW)InputPW laser energy(kJ)1985 Concept proposed by T.Yamanaka(Internal Rep.’85)1994N Basov, andM. Tabak etal POP,9420021-keV heating by Cone target and PW laserJapan-UK Joint Exp. : Kodama, etal Nature,02GXII-LFEX (FIREX)OMEGA-EPFast ignitionBurn
Various ways for the fast heating of imploded plasmahave been proposedSuper high velocity impact heatingElectron heatingH.Azechi etalsubmitted to PRL, ‘08Cone guideHole boringIon heatingM.Tabak, etalPOP’94R.Kodama, etalNature, ‘01, ‘02Shock heatingR.Betti, PRL ‘07
Fast Ignition Equivalent Plasma Experiment will be done byFIREX-I and OMEGA-EPHiPER
Construction of LFEX (10kJ PW Laser)N. Miyanaga, H. Azechi, K. A. TanakaA, T. KanabeB, J. Kawanaka, Y. Fujimoto,K. KondoA, T. Jitsuno, H. Shiraga, K. Tsubakimoto, Y. Nakata, R. KodamaA,H. HabaraA, K. Sueda, K. Yasukawa, J. Lu, G. Xu,N. Morio, S. Matsuo, S. Kitamura, K. Sawai, K. Suzuki, and K. MimaInstitute of Laser Engineering, Osaka UniversityAGraduate School of Engineering and Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka UniversityBGraduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukuie-mail: miyanaga@ile.osaka-u.ac.jpInteractionchamberMain amplifiersubsystemGEKKO XIIRear-endsubsystem
Construction schedule and summaryFocusing chamberGEKKO XIIchamberFY 2003Construction startedFY 2007Installed all commponentsFY 2008Optimization of CPA / compression1beam experimentFY 2009Completion of 4 beamsFull power integrated experimentFocusing chamberCompressor chamberGrating mechanicsholder
Present view of the installed gratingsfabricated by PGL, MS., USA for LFEXFocusing test: 40µmφ spot of one beam
Target design with FI3 simulation systemFast Ignition Integrated Interconnecting codeRadiation hydrosimulation (PINICO)Detem nsitype anra dtureprDensity profileFokker Plancksimulation with hydroofilesPIC simulationLaser plasma interactiononrtlec fileegy proreen pacegh e siH asph Sakagami,H.Laser&Part.’05Nagatomo,H.POP, 2006Collaboration; Osaka Univ. , NIFS, Kyushu Univ. Setunan Univ., Nevada Univ. Reno
PINOCO 2-D Implosion Simulation of a Cone Shell TargetPlasma motion is compared with experimentsTemperature (174ps254ps334psCh.ATeCh.ATeTime (ps)100[μm]eV )414ps
Design Parameter of the FIREX-IHeating Requirement for CD plasma and DT plasma (cryogenic target) Ti CD [KeV]Pulse duration Ti DT [KeV]Pulse duration
High coupling efficiency from laser to core(Relativistic electron generation and transport)The coupling efficiency depends on REB temperature, transport,--Laser intensity; IL 2x1015 W/ πrh2 1 2x 1020 W/cm2Electron energy; Τh (γ-1)mc2 ,γ p [1 IL/(2.4x1018W/cm2)]1/2 : Th 5 MeVTh -scaling: Th γp (nc/nUP )1/2 IL1/3 good news!, Beam transfer and divergenceBeam current 500MAPW laser guide coneHole boringB-field guiding
Control of Laser Plasma Interaction
High energy electrons can be confined to increasecoupling efficiency1. Single Cone target2. Double-cone targetCoronaCoronaee-DT coreReturn currente-DT coreE and B fields are generated and e-beamsare confined in the vacuum layer
High energy electron energy density insingle cone and double coneSingle cone1psDouble coneHongbo Cai, etal to be submitted to PRL1,5ps
Transfer efficiency to the cone tipTABLE: Simulation energy flux normalized by the input laserpower for single cone and double cone.cone tip(-18, 18)λ (-8, 8)λSingle 31.418.6Double 38.428.6side wall23.98.9backward0.410.41dQh/dt G - Qh(cS/3V)(1-β ) - Qh (cS0 /3V)source side wall lossforward emissionQh : stored energyQh G/ ((cS/3V)(1-β ) (cS0 /3V))SGS0When β approach 1, Qh(cS0 /3V) G
IFE Forum, Osaka Univ. and GPI Joint Committeeon Laser Neutron Applications (since Jan. 2008)10 20Fast ignition10 18FIREXNeutron yield/pulse1016) NIFDT(1 Central ignitionQ 1012 1013 n/secCancer therapy[BNT]10 14Exploding pusherLLE, RochesterLHART ILE. Osaka10 1210 107Li(p,n)7BeVULCAN１１B(p,n)10 810Pb(p,xn)Bi35 fsFalcon610 4１１1013 1014 n/secSemiconductorProcessing[P doping in Si ]CImplosionClusterCD shellNuclear reactionExpected by laser fusiong-D2E2.2100 fsJanUSP1000.1110100100010 4Laser pulse energy (J)After S.Nakai10 510 61011 1012 n/secImaging,Diagnostics, etc[hydrogen image]10 7 1015n/secFission Fuel WasteBurning[LIFE]
Neutron Facility
Summary Osaka University and NIFS are in collaboration for FIREXproject in target fabrication, simulation, and experiment. The 10kJ petawatt laser: LFEX is completed and one beamexperiment starts in Dec. 08 . Integrated fast ignition simulation code FI3 has beenapplied to the FIREX target design. A new target design concept are investigated for thecoming FIREX-I experiments in 2009. Applications of laser fusion neutron for science andindustry are explored.
Broad-band (CPA) activation test of main amplifier0Chirping characteristic13Time (ns)Time2Pulse width: 1.45 ns4(to be extended to 2.2ns)5Wavelength61,0401,045Wavelength (nm)1,0501,0551,0601,065Beam energy2.3 kJ/ 37x37cm2Spectral width: 3.1 nmFinal test will start soon aiming at12kJ/4 beams.
Status of Laser Fusion Research in Japan Kunioki Mima . Electron heating Super high velocity impact heating Cone guide Hole boring Ion heating M.Tabak, etal POP’94 . Beam current 500MA PW laser guide cone Hole bor
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