2011 Mississippi Curriculum Framework
2011 Mississippi Curriculum FrameworkPostsecondary Dental Hygiene Technology(Program CIP: 51.0602 – Dental Hygienist)Direct inquiries toLaNell Kellum, PhDDirector for Career and Technical EducationMississippi Community College Board3825 Ridgewood RoadJackson, MS 39211601.432.6518lkellum@mccb.eduEmily OwenInstructional Design SpecialistResearch and Curriculum UnitP.O. Drawer DXMississippi State, MS 39762(662) 325-2510emily.owen@rcu.msstate.eduPublished byOffice of Career and Technical EducationMississippi Department of EducationJackson, MS 39205Research and Curriculum UnitMississippi State UniversityMississippi State, MS 39762The Mississippi Department of Education, Office of Career and Technical Education does notdiscriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, age, or disability in theprovision of educational programs and services or employment opportunities and benefits. Thefollowing office has been designated to handle inquiries and complaints regarding the nondiscrimination policies of the Mississippi Department of Education: Director, Office of HumanResources, Mississippi Department of Education, 359 North West Street, Suite 203, Jackson,Mississippi 39201, (601) 359-3511.
2AcknowledgmentsWriting TeamNick Alexander, Instructor, Northeast MississippiCommunity CollegeCatherine Dunn, Instructor, Mississippi Delta CommunityCollegeStanley Hill, D.M.D., Instructor, Pearl River CommunityCollegeWilliam Lindsay, D.D.S., Instructor, Meridian CommunityCollegeRCU StaffEmily Owen – Instructional Design SpecialistProfessional CurriculumAdvisory TeamDr. Ron Wheeler, D.M.D., Wheeler Family Dentistry,Fulton, MSStandards in this document are based on information from the following organizations:Dental Assisting National Board Commission on Dental Accreditation. (2010). Accreditationstandards for dental hygiene education programs.Certified Dental AssistantChicago, IL: American Dental Association.Examination TopicsMaterials used with permission of the Dental AssistingNational Board, Inc. Related Academic StandardsCTB/McGraw-Hill LLC. (2005). Tests of adult basiceducation, Forms 9 and 10. Monterey, CA: Author.Reproduced with permission of CTB/McGraw-Hill LLC.TABE is a registered trademark of The McGraw-HillCompanies, Inc. Copyright 2005 by CTB/McGrawHill LLC. Reproduction of this material is permitted foreducational purposes only.21st Century SkillsReproduced with permission of the Partnership for 21stCentury Skills. Further information may be found atwww.21stcenturyskills.orgPostsecondary Dental Hygiene Technology
3PrefaceDental Hygiene Research SynopsisArticles, books, Web sites, and other materials listed at the end of each course were consideredduring the revision process. ADHA Journal of Dental Hygiene and the Commission on DentalAccreditation were especially useful in providing insight into trends and issues in the field.These references are suggested for use by instructors and students during the study of the topicsoutlined.Industry advisory team members from colleges throughout the state were asked to give inputrelated to changes to be made to the curriculum framework. Specific comments related to softskills needed in this program included initiative, punctuality, great personality, and people skills,as well as dependability and team cooperation. Occupational-specific skills stated includedinstrumentation and patient education. Safety practices emphasized included infection controland universal precautions.Instructors from colleges throughout the state were also asked to give input on changes to bemade to the curriculum framework. Changes suggested for the curriculum included increasingboth clinical and instruction hours as well as adding more digital components to the curriculum.CurriculumThe following national standards were referenced in each course of the curriculum: CTB/McGraw-Hill LLC Tests of Adult Basic Education, Forms 9 and 10 AcademicStandards 21st Century Skills 2010 Accreditation Standards for Dental Hygiene Education ProgramsNeeds of the Future WorkforceDental Hygienist is among the fastest growing occupations. Job prospects will be good for mostgraduates, but competition will be keen in some areas. Older dentists, who have been less likelyto employ dental hygienists, are leaving the occupation and will be replaced by recent graduates,who are more likely to employ one or more hygienists. In addition, as dentists' workloadsincrease, they are expected to hire more hygienists to perform preventive dental care, such ascleaning, so that they may devote their own time to more complex procedures. (US Bureau ofLabor Statistics, 2010). The occupation is projected to grow 30 percent in Mississippi and 37percent in the United States (EMSI, 2011).RegionRegional TotalNational Total2010 Jobs2020 JobsChange% 27%65384,083Postsecondary Dental Hygiene Technology2010 MedianHourlyEarnings 25.25 32.36
4Industry and instructor comments, along with current research, were considered by thecurriculum revision team during the revision process, and changes were made as needed andappropriate. Many of the skills and topics noted in the research were already included in thecurriculum framework. Specific changes made to the curriculum at the date curriculum revisionmeeting included: Competencies and objectives were reviewed to ensure accuracy and appropriateness.DHT 1512, formerly named Periodontics, was renamed Periodontology.The Recommended Tools and Equipment list was updated.AssessmentStudents will be assessed using the Dental Hygiene Licensure Exam administered by the Councilof Interstate Testing Agencies (CITA). http://www.citaexam.com/dhcontent.htmlAlternate AssessmentsNo alternate assessment has been approved at this time.Professional LearningIt is suggested that instructors participate in professional learning related to the followingconcepts: How to use the program Blackboard site Differentiated instruction – To learn more about differentiated instruction, please go tohttp://www.paec.org/teacher2teacher/additional subjects.html and click on DifferentiatedInstruction. Work through this online course and review the additional resources.Program ExceptionsBased on the following position by the American Dental Association, only a degree program isoffered for Dental Hygiene:Dental hygienists receive their education through academic programs at community colleges,technical colleges, dental schools or universities. The majority of community college programstake at least two years to complete, with graduates receiving associate degrees. Receipt of thisdegree allows a hygienist to take licensure examinations (national and state or regional),become licensed and to work in a dental office.It is the position of the ADHA that graduation from an accredited dental hygiene program of atleast two academic years of full-time instruction in an institution of higher education andsuccessful completion of the National Board Dental Hygiene Examination is the minimumeducational preparation necessary for dental hygiene licensure and practice. The ADHAopposes reduction of educational standards and/or requirements for licensure of dentalhygienists.Postsecondary Dental Hygiene Technology
5ForewordAs the world economy continues to evolve, businesses and industries must adopt new practicesand processes in order to survive. Quality and cost control, work teams and participatorymanagement, and an infusion of technology are transforming the way people work and dobusiness. Employees are now expected to read, write, and communicate effectively; thinkcreatively, solve problems, and make decisions; and interact with each other and the technologiesin the workplace. Career–technical programs must also adopt these practices in order to providegraduates who can enter and advance in the changing work world.The curriculum framework in this document reflects these changes in the workplace and anumber of other factors that impact local career–technical programs. Federal and state legislationcalls for articulation between high school and community college programs, integration ofacademic and career skills, and the development of sequential courses of study that providestudents with the optimum educational path for achieving successful employment. National skillsstandards, developed by industry groups and sponsored by the U.S. Department of Education andLabor, provide career and technical educators with the expectations of employers across theUnited States. All of these factors are reflected in the framework found in this document.Referenced throughout the courses of the curriculum are the 21st Century Skills, which weredeveloped by the Partnership for 21st Century Skills, a group of business and educationorganizations concerned about the gap between the knowledge and skills learned in school andthose needed in communities and the workplace. A portion of the 21st Century Skills addresseslearning skills needed in the 21st century, including information and communication skills,thinking and problem-solving skills, and interpersonal and self-directional skills. Anotherimportant aspect of learning and working in the 21st century involves technology skills. TheInternational Society for Technology in Education, developer of the National EducationalTechnology Standards (NETS), was a strategic partner in the Partnership for 21st Century Skills.Each postsecondary program of instruction consists of a program description and a suggestedsequence of courses that focus on the development of occupational competencies. The MSCPAS2 blueprints are based upon the suggested course sequences to allow for year 1 and year 2assessments for all exit options. Please refer to the blueprint online. Each career–technical coursein this sequence has been written using a common format, which includes the followingcomponents: Course Name – A common name that will be used by all community and junior colleges inreporting students Course Abbreviation – A common abbreviation that will be used by all community andjunior colleges in reporting students Classification – Courses may be classified as the following:o Career–technical core – A required career–technical course for all studentso Area of concentration (AOC) core – A course required in an area of concentrationof a cluster of programso Career–technical elective – An elective career–technical courseo Related academic course – An academic course that provides academic skills andknowledge directly related to the program areaPostsecondary Dental Hygiene Technology
6o Academic core – An academic course that is required as part of the requirementsfor an associate’s degree Description – A short narrative that includes the major purpose(s) of the course and therecommended number of hours of lecture and laboratory activities to be conducted eachweek during a regular semester Prerequisites – A listing of any courses that must be taken prior to or on enrollment in thecourse Corequisites – A listing of courses that may be taken while enrolled in the course Competencies and Suggested Objectives – A listing of the competencies (major concepts andperformances) and the suggested student objectives that will enable students to demonstratemastery of these competenciesThe following guidelines were used in developing the program(s) in this document and should beconsidered in compiling and revising course syllabi and daily lesson plans at the local level: The content of the courses in this document reflects approximately 75% of the time allocatedto each course. The remaining 25% of each course should be developed at the local districtlevel and may reflect the following:o Additional competencies and objectives within the course related to topics notfound in the state framework, including activities related to specific needs ofindustries in the community college districto Activities that develop a higher level of mastery on the existing competencies andsuggested objectiveso Activities and instruction related to new technologies and concepts that were notprevalent at the time the current framework was developed or revisedo Activities that include integration of academic and career–technical skills andcourse work, school-to-work transition activities, and articulation of secondaryand postsecondary career–technical programso Individualized learning activities, including work-site learning activities, to betterprepare individuals in the courses for their chosen occupational areas Sequencing of the course within a program is left to the discretion of the local district.Naturally, foundation courses related to topics such as safety, tool and equipment usage, andother fundamental skills should be taught first. Other courses related to specific skill areasand related academics, however, may be sequenced to take advantage of seasonal andclimatic conditions, resources located outside of the school, and other factors. Programs that offer an Associate of Applied Science degree must include a minimum 15semester-credit-hour academic core. Specific courses to be taken within this core are to bedetermined by the local district. Minimum academic core courses are as follows:o 3 semester credit hours (sch)Math/Science Electiveo 3 semester credit hoursWritten Communications Electiveo 3 semester credit hoursOral Communications Electiveo 3 semester credit hoursHumanities/Fine Arts ElectivePostsecondary Dental Hygiene Technology
7o 3 semester credit hoursSocial/Behavioral Science ElectiveIt is recommended that courses in the academic core be spaced out over the entire length ofthe program, so that students complete some academic and career–technical courses eachsemester. Each community or junior college has the discretion to select the actual coursesthat are required to meet this academic core requirement. Career–technical elective courses have been included to allow community colleges andstudents to customize programs to meet the needs of industries and employers in their area.In order to provide flexibility within the districts, individual courses within a framework may becustomized by doing the following: Adding new competencies and suggested objectivesRevising or extending the suggested objectives for individual competenciesAdjusting the semester credit hours of a course to be up 1 hour or down 1 hour (afterinforming the Mississippi Community College Board [MCCB] of the change)In addition, the curriculum framework as a whole may be customized by doing the following: Resequencing courses within the suggested course sequence reflecting the newassessment formatDeveloping and adding a new course that meets specific needs of industries and otherclients in the community or junior college district (with MCCB approval)Utilizing the career technical elective options in many of the curricula to customizeprogramsPostsecondary Dental Hygiene Technology
8Table of ContentsAcknowledgments.2Preface.3Foreword .5Program Description .9Suggested Course Sequence .11Dental Hygiene Technology Courses .13Fundamentals of Dental Hygiene.13Dental Anatomy .17Head and Neck Anatomy .19Oral Histology and Embryology .22Dental Radiology .25Clinical Dental Hygiene .28Periodontics.31Dental Hygiene Seminar I .34Dental Hygiene Seminar II .37General/Oral Pathology .39Clinical Dental Hygiene II .42Clinical Dental Hygiene III .45Dental Hygiene Materials .48Dental Pharmacology .51Community Dental Health .54Dental Ethics/Law .57Dental Hygiene Seminar III .59Dental Hygiene Seminar IV .62Recommended Tools and Equipment .65Appendix A: Standards Based on the Commission on Dental Accreditation .69Appendix B: Related Academic Standards .70Appendix C: 21st Century Skills .71Postsecondary Dental Hygiene Technology
9Program DescriptionThe Dental Hygiene Technology Program is a general education and clinical dental hygieneexperience to prepare one for a career in the dental hygiene profession. All phases of dentalhygiene education are covered and practiced by clinical experience. CPR-Health Care Provideris a prerequisite for the program. The curriculum requires a minimum of 85 semester hours ofstudy. The program requires 50 hours of dental hygiene courses, 32-33 academic hours leadingto an Associate Degree in Dental Hygiene, and an additional 3 hour elective. A graduate will beeligible to take the examination of the National Board of Dental Examiners as well as individualstate board examinations for dental hygiene.The Career-technical courses in the following list are required in the Dental Hygiene Technologycurriculum:5 semester credit hours (sch) Fundamentals of Dental Hygiene4 sch Dental Radiology5 sch Clinical Dental Hygiene I2 sch Dental Anatomy2 sch Head and Neck Anatomy3 sch Dental Hygiene Materials2 sch Oral Histology and Embryology5 sch Clinical Dental Hygiene II2 sch Periodontics2 sch Dental Pharmacology6 sch Clinical Dental Hygiene III3 sch Community Dental Health2 sch Dental Ethics/Law1 sch Dental Hygiene Seminar I1 sch Dental Hygiene Seminar II1 sch
Dental Assisting National Board Certified Dental Assistant Examination Topics Commission on Dental Accreditation. (2010). Accreditation standards for dental hygiene education programs. Chicago, IL: American Dental Association. Materials used with permission of the Dental Assisting National Board,
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