What Is Phonetics? Phonetic Transcription Articulation Of .
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhoneticsDarrell LarsenLinguistics 101Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsOutline1What Is Phonetics?2Phonetic TranscriptionPhonetic AlphabetTranscription3Articulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesDarrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsWhat Is Phonetics?Definitionthe study of speech soundsThe Branches of Phonetics1 acoustic2auditory3articulatory(the physics of sound)(how the ear processes sound)(how we produce speech sounds)Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulatory PhoneticsWe will examine the following questions:How can we accurately transcribe speech sounds?What speech organs are involved in speech production?How do we manipulate the flow of air to produce sounds?Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhonetic AlphabetTranscriptionWhy Do We Need a Phonetic Alphabet?Linguists use a phonetic transcription system to record speechsounds.In this class, we will use the International Phonetic Alphabet(IPA)QuestionWhy not just use the Roman alphabet?Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhonetic AlphabetTranscriptionWhy Do We Need a Phonetic Alphabet?Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhonetic AlphabetTranscriptionWhy Do We Need a Phonetic Alphabet?EnglishhciCzechhci[k]catcordcupDarrell me)‘thirty’
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhonetic AlphabetTranscriptionWhy Do We Need a Phonetic Alphabet?haihtiballsandmakeDarrell LarsenPhoneticstallstoplaterpatiencetrain
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhonetic AlphabetTranscriptionWhy Do We Need a Phonetic Alphabet?heaihckihealthwealthstealthDarrell LarsenPhoneticsbackbucketcracked
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhonetic AlphabetTranscriptionWhy Do We Need a Phonetic Alphabet?heilatesciencehhihourblah blah blahDarrell LarsenPhoneticshkikneeknife
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhonetic AlphabetTranscriptionWhy Do We Need a Phonetic Alphabet?English Vowel Lettersha, e, i, o, uiDarrell LarsenEnglish Vowel lemicboughtbullbogboutboybidebate
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhonetic AlphabetTranscriptionInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)About the IPAContains symbols to represent all sounds from all languages1-to-1 correspondence between sounds and symbolsIncludes diacritics to indicate tone, stress, etc.Many symbols from or based on Latin and Greek alphabetsNot the only phonetic alphabet in useDarrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhonetic AlphabetTranscriptionInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)IPA Pulmonic Consonant ChartFull IPA chart available at: http://www.langsci.ucl.ac.uk/ipa/IPA chart (C)2005.pdf*Note that Language Files has slightly different categories in some cases. We will follow the book.Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhonetic AlphabetTranscriptionTranscription ��cowboy’[spôAIt][EnôdZER@k]"[kh AUbOI]‘that’‘spelling’‘pudding’Free VariationIn some instances, there can be some variation in thepronunciation.‘cat’ [kh æt] or [kh æt ] or [kh æP]Darrell LarsenPhonetics[Dæt][spElIN][ph URIN]
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhonetic AlphabetTranscriptionAspirationSome English sounds are aspirated in certain ot’‘whip’[ph ��sat’[th �beak’[kh æt][gIft][skAô][bik]QuestionWhich sounds in English can be aspirated?What do these sounds have in common?In which phonetic environment(s) are these sounds aspirated?Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhonetic AlphabetTranscriptionFlappingWhat we spell with hti, htti, hdi, hddi is often not [t] or [d],but rather the flap [R]QuestionIn which phonetic environment(s) does the flap appear?Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsPhonetic AlphabetTranscriptionTranscription NotesPhonetic transcriptions are written in square brackets [ ].Transcribe words based on sound, not spelling.Don’t use a schwa ([@]) in stressed syllables.Upper- and lowercase letters are not interchangeable.Some morphemes, like past tense -ed, are not alwayspronounced the same.When a syllable lacks a vowel, be sure to use a syllable marker(e.g. ‘kitten’ [kh IPn])"Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesHow Consonants Are ArticulatedThe articulation of consonants involves the complete or partialconstriction of airflow within the vocal tract.Distinguishing Features of English Consonants1 place of articulation(place of airflow obstruction)2manner of articulation3voicing(manner of airflow obstruction)(vibration/nonvibration of vocal cords)Charts are available on the back cover or your book. Be sure to note the additions I make.Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesPlaces of ArticulationSource: [Bergmann et al., 2007, p. 49]Source: [Ladefoged & Maddieson, 1996, p. 13]Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesPlaces of ArticulationPlaces of Articulation Used in English1 olar6palatal7velar8glottalDarrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesManners of ArticulationManners of Articulation Used in English1 plosive ( stop)2fricative3affricate4flap5nasal6liquid (lateral and retroflex)7glide*(add this row to your book’s chart!)Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesVoicingVoicing Parameters Used in English1 voiced2voiceless(vibration)(no vibration)Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesHow Vowels Are ArticulatedVowels are produced with a relatively open vocal tract, lackingany significant constriction.Distinguishing Features of English Vowels1 height2tongue advancement3tensenessAdditional Vowel Featureslip roundingDarrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesHeightRefers to the relative heightof the relevant part of thetongueVowels may be:123highmidlowDarrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesTongue AdvancementRefers to relative advancement of the tongue bodyVowels may be:123frontcentralbackDarrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesTensenessRefers to relative tenseness of the lip and/or tongue musclesVowels may be:12tenselaxDarrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesLip RoundingRefers to whether the lips are rounded or unroundedVowels may be:12roundedunroundedEnglish has rounded and unrounded vowels, but lip rounding isnot a distinguishing feature in English.Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesMonophthongsMonophthongs are simple vowel sounds.Excluding [e] and [o], American English contains the followingmonophthongs:(Add [e] and [o] to your book’s chart. You will need to know their features.)Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesDiphthongsMonophthongs are complex vowel sounds, transitioning fromone vowel to another.American English contains the following diphthongs:Darrell LarsenPhonetics
What Is Phonetics?Phonetic TranscriptionArticulation of SoundsArticulation of ConsonantsArticulation of VowelsOther LanguagesA Note on Other LanguagesThe set of distinctions listed above is not comprehensive.The distinctions found in English are not relevant in alllanguages. For example,Spanish and Korean have no tenseness distinction for vowelsJapanese and Korean have no labiodental consonantsOther languages may have distinctions that English lacks. Forexample,lip rounding is distinctive for vowels in French and GermanVietnamese contains implosive consonantsKhoisan languages (spoken in southern Africa) contain clicksChinese and Thai contain tonesDarrell LarsenPhonetics
References IBergmann, Anouschka, Kathleen Currie Hall, &Sharon Miriam Ross, eds. (2007) Language Files: Materials foran Introduction to Language and Linguistics. Columbus: TheOhio State University Press, 10 ed.Ladefoged, Peter & Ian Maddieson (1996) The Sounds of theWorld’s Languages. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.Darrell LarsenPhonetics
Phonetic Transcription Articulation of Sounds Phonetic Alphabet Transcription Transcription Notes Phonetic transcriptions are written in square brackets [ ]. Transcribe words based on sound, not spelling. Don’t use a schwa ([@]) in stressed syllables. Upper- and lowercase letters are not interchangeable. Some morphemes, like past tense -ed .File Size: 2MB
Abidjan 9 May 2014 Dafydd Gibbon: Phonetics Course 3 Abidjan 2014 3 The Domains of Phonetics Phonetics is the scientific discipline which deals with – speech production (articulatory phonetics) – speech transmission (acoustic phonetics) – speech perception (auditory phonetics) The scientific methods used
The Skill-Based Domain of Clinical Phonetics 2 Conclusion 3 Chapter Summary Exercises 3 Chapter 2 Linguistic Phonetics 5 Language, Speech, and Dialect 5 The Morpheme 6 The Phoneme 7 Spelling versus Phonetic Transcription 7 The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) 8 Phonemes and
1 Phonetics: A “Sound” Science 1 Learning Objectives 1 Phonetics and the International Phonetic Alphabet 1 Variation in Phonetic Practice 3 The IPA and Unicode Fonts 4 Chapter Summary 6 Study Questions 6 Online Resources 7 2 Phonetic Transcription of English 9 Learning O
Phonetic transcription A phonetic transcription system provides a useful means of recording speech. We will be using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) Ø ‘The IPA is intended to be a set of symbols for representing all the possible sounds of the world’s languages.
PHONETICS AS A SCIENCE. PHONEME. The study of pronunciation consists of two fields: phonetics and phonology. Phonetics is a science, which deals with pronunciation and the phonetic structure of a language. It refers to the study of speech sounds. Pronu
on both English and general phonetics. JOHN MAIDMENT is Lecturer in Phonetics at University College London, and an experienced teacher of phonetics at both undergraduate and graduate level. He is co-author of English Transcription Course (2000), and has been Director of an HEFCE-funded projec
2. PHONETICS AND PHONOLOGY 2.1 Sounds of English The study of the sounds of human language is called phonetics. Phonology is concerned with the properties of sounds and the ways that they are combined into words. Important: Sounds, in the sense that we discuss them, are totally different from letters.
worts, lichens, mosses, algae and fungi also occur. CLIMATE : The abrupt variations in the altitude (elevations) have created diverse climatic conditions. The climate is warm and humid during summer and monsoon season (June Oct.) and moderately cold during winter (Dec. Feb.) at lower elevations. The winter months become more severe as one goes up. Places like Lachen, Lachung and Dzongri areas .
