Summer 2017 Pearson Edexcel GCSE In Geography B
Mark Scheme (Results)Summer 2017Pearson Edexcel GCSEIn Geography B (5GB1F/01)Unit 1: Dynamic Planet
Edexcel and BTEC QualificationsEdexcel and BTEC qualifications are awarded by Pearson, the UK’s largestawarding body. We provide a wide range of qualifications includingacademic, vocational, occupational and specific programmes foremployers. For further information visit our qualifications websites atwww.edexcel.com or www.btec.co.uk. Alternatively, you can get in touchwith us using the details on our contact us page atwww.edexcel.com/contactus.Pearson: helping people progress, everywherePearson aspires to be the world’s leading learning company. Our aim is tohelp everyone progress in their lives through education. We believe inevery kind of learning, for all kinds of people, wherever they are in theworld. We’ve been involved in education for over 150 years, and byworking across 70 countries, in 100 languages, we have built aninternational reputation for our commitment to high standards and raisingachievement through innovation in education. Find out more about howwe can help you and your students at: www.pearson.com/ukSummer 2017Publications Code 5GB1F 01 1706 MSAll the material in this publication is copyright Pearson Education Ltd 2017
General Marking Guidance All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examinersmust mark the first candidate in exactly the same way asthey mark the last. Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidatesmust be rewarded for what they have shown they can dorather than penalised for omissions. Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme notaccording to their perception of where the grade boundariesmay lie. There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the markscheme should be used appropriately. All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to beawarded. Examiners should always award full marks ifdeserved, i.e. if the answer matches the mark scheme.Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks ifthe candidate’s response is not worthy of credit accordingto the mark scheme. Where some judgement is required, mark schemes willprovide the principles by which marks will be awarded andexemplification may be limited. When examiners are in doubt regarding the application ofthe mark scheme to a candidate’s response, the teamleader must be consulted. Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidatehas replaced it with an alternative response.
QuestionNumber1(a)(i)Correct AnswerRejectMarkC Western AfricanAll otheranswers(1)QuestionNumber1(a) (ii)Correct AnswerRejectMarkD EarthquakeAll otheranswers(1)QuestionNumber1 (b)Correct AnswerMark1 mark for describing the difference. 2nd markawarded for extending statements such as an exampleof either primary and secondary impact.(2)Primary are the first effects whilst secondary occurlater (1) (1) valid example of either primary andsecondary impact (1)If student ‘Outlines the difference.’ only by offeringexamples (no idea if timing/sequence, then both mustbe correct)Might suggest that primary impacts cause fewer/moredeaths and injuries than secondary (1) example ofsame difference (1)Max 1 mark if only examples without any ‘difference’(1 1)
QuestionNumber1(c)Correct AnswerMarkThere are a wide range of responses that can beexamined which depend on chosen example.(4)They are likely to include:Local/National: Soldiers/volunteers sent (1) to dig forsurvivors (1) data to support –e.g. 50,000 inSichuan (1) Helicopters used to reach isolated areas (1) totransport lifting gear and bring the injured outor similar development (1) People donating money for aid (1) data tosupport e.g. 1.5 billion for Sichuan (1)International: Countries sent money (1) data to support e.g.UK 2 million to Sichuan (1) Rescue teams flew in from abroad (1) e.g.Russians to Sichuan (1)-(1 1) (1 1)Or(1 1 1) 1Or1 1 1 1Accept any other appropriate response e.g. Somecandidates might offer an evaluative view of the‘immediate responses’ as in ‘it was very good’ or ‘it wasvery poor’ and them explain why/describe how.Maximum of 3 marks if no named tectonic event.QuestionNumber1(d)Correct AnswerMark1 mark for each appropriate statement. Additionalmark(s) awarded for extending statements.(4)At conservative boundaries plates slide past each otheror slide in the same direction but at different rates (1),friction occurs (1) resulting in a build-up of pressure (1)the release of the pressure results in an earthquake (1)detail of epicentre /focus (1) an example is the SanAndreas fault or any acceptable alternative (1)Allow maximum of 1 mark for origin of plate movementse.g. convection currents move the plates (1)Diagrams should be marked using the above pointseither as explicitly stated through annotations or implicitin the diagram itself.Accept any other appropriate response.1 1 1 1(1 1 1) 1(1 1) (1 1)
QuestionNumber2(a)(i)Correct AnswerRejectMarkD 2000sAll otheranswers(1)QuestionNumber2(a)(ii)Correct AnswerRejectMarkC It advanced in the first fewyears and then retreatedAll otheranswers(1)QuestionNumber2(b)Correct AnswerMark1 mark for identifying an appropriate piece ofevidence (1) additional mark(s) awarded forextending statements (1)(4)Common answers likely to focus on: Megafauna have disappeared (1) example ofsame (1)Little Ice Age (1) with ice fairs in London orequivalent idea to illustrate (1)Fossilised remains (1) of animals, plants orpollen that no longer live in that area (1) e.g.elephants in London (1).Landforms (1) like U shaped valleys left byretreating glaciers (1) in ScotlandIce-core samples from ice sheets (1) showingpast levels of carbon dioxide (1)Allow up to 3 marks for any one piece of evidencedeveloped with two extending points.Accept any other appropriate response.(1 1) (1 1)(1 1 1) (1)
QuestionNumber2(c)Correct AnswerMark1 mark for each valid definition.1 mark for extension.Common answers likely to include:(2) 1 1The way gases in the atmosphere trap heat fromthe sun (1) example of gas e.g. carbon dioxide (1)The way gases in the atmosphere trap heat fromthe sun (1) increasing global/local temperatures asthose gases increase (1)Accept any other appropriate response.QuestionNumber2(d)Correct AnswerMarkDepends on chosen case-study but 1 mark for eachvalid statement – allow extension(s) to maximum of3 for any one point. Common impacts are likely toinclude:(4) Loss of farmland (1) due to rising sea levelsand/or salination (1) and so loss of income(1) local/located example of same (1)Desertification (1) such as spread of theSahara Desert (1) reducing farmoutput/increasing food insecurity (1)local/located example of same (1)Heatwaves (1) bringing illness/death (1)local/located example of sameSpread of diseases (1) e.g. malaria (1) asthey are able to breed (1) local/locatedexample of sameDrought and/or less and more unreliablerainfall (1) leading to crop failure (1)local/located example of same (1)Increased storminess (1) leading toflashfloods (1) local/located example of same(1)Possibility of growing different range of crops(1) longer thermal growing season/warmersummers (1) local/located example of same(1)Located examples have to be below national level e.g. atown/region etc.Limit to 3 marks if no country specific informationAccept any other appropriate response.(1 1) (1 1)Or(1 1 1) 1(4)
QuestionNumber3(a)(i)Correct AnswerRejectMarkC AsiaAll otheranswers(1)QuestionNumber3(a)(ii)Correct AnswerRejectMarkC 7 500All otheranswers(1)QuestionNumber3(a) (iii)Correct AnswerMarkIdentifies legitimate threat to species e.g. logging (1)which destroys habitat (1)(2)Logging takes place because (1) land been cleared forranching (1)Very diverse ecosystem (1) so many different species (1)Accept any other appropriate response(1 1)
QuestionNumber3(b)Correct AnswerAcceptableanswer1 mark for each valid management measure Allowat local/national level e.g. National Park (1) answers forlocal forest reserves (1) footpathany biomemanagement (1) allow marine managementschemes e.g. Lamlash Bay (1) allow localmanagement of extreme environment (1)Guided to ‘one location’ but if location isnational allow variety within that location.Additional mark(s) awarded fordeveloping statements as in thefollowing examples Selective logging (1) so sometree cover is maintained (1)maintaining biodiversity (1)Multiple zoning (1) for hunting,tourism and conservation (1)allowing co-existence of differentgroups (1)Tree cover in watersheds (1)reducing flood risk (1) improvingquality and quantity of water (1)Agroforestry (1) maintainingbiodiversity of agricultural land(1) ensuring long-termsustainability (1)Full marks can be awarded for one ‘measure’identified with 3 marks for extended detailsof that scheme as below; Wild boar reintroduced (1) whobreak up the soil searching forfood (1) which maintains soilfertility (1) which helps preventsoil erosion (1)Accept any other appropriate response.Mark(4)(1 1) (1 1)(1 1 1) 1(4)
QuestionNumber3(c)Correct AnswerMark1 mark each for identifying a legitimate impact ofaltitude. Additional mark(s) awarded for extendingstatements.(4)Temperatures decrease with height (1) approx. 1 degreeper 100 m (1) example to support e.g. alpine at heightand/or place as in ‘snows of Kilimanjaro’ (1)Rainfall changes with altitude (allow rain-shadow effect)(1) which will impact on biome development becauseplant growth affected by water supply (1) e.g. temperateforest in Bolivia (1)Soil depth/development may be affected (1) by climateand/or topography/slope (1)Accept any other appropriate response but limit to 2marks if just a list of changes.(1 1) (1 1)(1 1 1) (1)
QuestionNumber4(a)(i)Correct AnswerRejectMarkA It increased and decreasedbut was lowest in 2011All otheranswers(1)QuestionNumber4(a)(ii)Correct AnswerRejectMarkA Higher risk of crop failureAll otheranswers(1)QuestionNumber4(a)(iii)Correct AnswerGrowing incomes (1) therefore more baths/showers etc.(1)Industrialisation (1) which consumes large quantities ofwater e.g. manufacturing processes (1)Population is rising (1) and so demand will rise fordomestic consumption or any other appropriate impact (1)Accept any other appropriate response.Mark(2)(1 1)
QuestionNumber4(b)Correct AnswerMarkDepends on chosen scheme but costs andbenefits need to be covered to gain maximummarks.e.g. Three Gorges DamIf the T-G-S is chosen case-study the followingmight apply;(4)Costs: Loss of farmland and villages (1) 1350villages and/or people having to migrate(1) Relocation of people (1) 1.3 million peopleand/or separation form families/culturalroots (1) High economic cost (1) 26 billion and/ormaybe short-term solution because ofsiltation (1) Increased eutrophication (1) and soreduced water quality thus health and/oreconomic damage (1)(1 1 1) 1Benefits: Produces electricity (1) 80 billion kWh p.a.(1) Prevents flooding (1) so less economicdamage/lower losses idea (1) Recreational use (1) for increasinglyprosperous Chinese population and/ortourists (1) Habitat for water birds (1) so moreecological diversity Cleaner water (1) therefore less disease(1)Allow downstream impactsIf no named scheme cap at 3 marksAccept any other appropriate responseNB: No management scheme identified – max 3.(1 1) (1 1)Or
QuestionNumber4(c)Correct AnswerMarkIdentifying an appropriate threat (1) Additional markawarded for an extending statement/example (1)(4)Responses likely to include: Contaminated water supplies from domesticwaste e.g sewage(1) leading to waterbornediseases (1) such as cholera (1)Contaminated water from agricultural run-off(1) leading to high levels of nitrates in water (1)which can cause eutrophication (1)water from industrial waste (1) leading to highlevels of heavy metals e.g. lead/mercury (1)Allow impact on quality of ocean/sea water as inimpact on water quality of, for example, siltation,sewage disposal etc.Accept any other appropriate response e.g. poormaintenance of the infrastructure.(1 1) (1 1)(1 1 1) 1
QuestionNumber5(a)(i)Correct AnswerRejectMarkD SlumpingAll otheranswers(1)QuestonNumber5(a) (ii)Correct AnswerRejectMarkB A period of heavy rain andstormy seasAll otheranswers(1)QuestionNumber5(b)Correct AnswerRejectMark1 mark for each valid methodwith 2nd mark for extensionthrough development of how itworks or detail of what it is.Responsesreferring to hardengineering(2)1 1Example – Beach replenishment (1)adds more sand to a beach whichabsorbs energy and/or protects thecoast from erosion (1)Accept any other appropriateresponse.QuestionNumber5(c)Correct AnswerMark1 mark for identifying each valid difference.(2)1 1 C - Strong swash. D – Strong backwash (1)C – Deposits. D- erodes (1)C – Gentle beach profile D – steep beach profileC(1)D – taller/higher – smaller/lower C (1)D – shorter wavelength/closer together D –longer wavelength etc C (1)D – plunging C – spillingAccept any other appropriate response.
QuestionNumberIndicative content*5(d)QWCi-ii-iiiStack formation explained using diagram and/or writtenexplanation.LevelThey form where a large crack/fault line/bedding plane in theheadland is eroded by hydraulic action and abrasion withweathering and mass movement processes also contributing tothe enlargement of the fissure. The crack grows into a cave. Bythe process of erosion and mass movement/weathering thecave becomes larger and eventually breaks through theheadland, forming a natural arch. The arch is eroded androckfall/weathering contribute to its enlargement whicheventually collapses leaving a tall rock stack.Mark DescriptorNo acceptable response.Level 00Level 11-2Simple descriptive points about one element of theprocess, probably erosion turning cave into arch.Sequencing not evident and range of processes limited.Geographical vocabulary sketchy.Level 23-4Simple description of formation although incomplete.Some limited development or sequence with cave, arch,stack sequence clear. Marine erosion described andlinked to formation. Limited structure to answer, Someclear uses of geographical terminology.Level 35-6Good description of formation. Some explanation of linkbetween processes and results with sequence given.Has detail of processes and may include role of rockstructure and/or weathering. Some structure, clearlycommunicated with good range of geographical terms.SPaG Level00SPaG Level11SPaG Level22Errors severely hinder the meaning of the response orcandidate does not spell, punctuate or use the rules ofgrammar within the context of the demands of thequestion.Threshold performanceCandidate spells, punctuates and uses the rules ofgrammar with reasonable accuracy in the context of thedemands of the question. Any errors do not hindermeaning in the response. Where required, they use alimited range of specialist terms appropriately.Intermediate performanceCandidate spells, punctuates and uses the rules ofgrammar with considerable accuracy and general controlof meaning in the context of the demands of thequestion. Where required, they use a good range ofspecialist terms with facility.
SPaG Level33High performanceCandidate spells, punctuates and uses the rules ofgrammar with consistent accuracy and effective controlof meaning in the context of the demands of thequestion. Where required, they use a wide range ofspecialist terms adeptly and with precision.
QuestionNumber6(a)(i)Correct AnswerRejectMarkA Hydraulic actionAll otheranswers(1)QuestionNumber6(a)(ii)Correct AnswerRejectMarkB A period of heavy rain andhigh dischargeAll otheranswers(1)QuestionNumber6(b)Correct AnswerRejectMark1 mark for each valid method with2nd mark for extension throughdevelopment of how it works ordetail of what it is.Responsesreferring to hardengineering(2)1 1Example – Wetland restoration (1)which creates a store forfloodwater which reduces riverdischarge by allowing rivers toflood in areas where damage isminimal (1)Accept any other appropriateresponse.QuestionNumber6(c)Correct AnswerMark1 mark for each valid difference U steeper L more gentle gradient U narrow L wider U shallow L deeper U larger sediment/rocky bed etc. L finersediment U slower flowing L faster flowing(2)Accept any other reasonable comparison.1 1
QuestionNumberIndicative content*6(d)QWCi-ii-iiiFormation of a floodplain explanation may include written and /ordrawn response.Floodplains are formed in the lower course of a river.The basic cause is meandering which spreads point bardeposits across the valley floor which is progressively widenedas the meanders wander from side to wide thus creating rivercliffs which ultimately collapse/retreat.River flooding spreads alluvium over this widening valley floorso floodplains are composed of two layers of material.Diagram might show river cliffs, meanders, point bar deposits asbelowLevelMarkDescriptorNo acceptable response.Level 00Level 11-2Simple descriptive points about nature of floodplainse.g. flat land. Process is probably a statement aboutriver flooding. Sequencing not evident and processesmay be stated e.g. ‘deposition’ but not explored.Geographical vocabulary sketchy.Level 23-4Simple description of formation although incomplete.Limited development or sequence of results of floodingdescribed with at least one explanatory link to reasonsfor deposition e.g. water slowing down . Limitedstructure to answer. Some clear uses of geographicalterminology.
Level 35-6Good description of formation. Some explanation of linkbetween processes and results with sequence given.Has detail of processes e.g point bar deposits orequivalent and may include role of river meandering.Some structure, clearly communicated with good use ofgeographical terms.SPaGLevel 00SPaGLevel 11SPaGLevel 22SPaGLevel 33Errors severely hinder the meaning of the response orcandidate does not spell, punctuate or use the rules ofgrammar within the context of the demands of thequestion.Threshold performanceCandidate spells, punctuates and uses the rules ofgrammar with reasonable accuracy in the context of thedemands of the question. Any errors do not hindermeaning in the response. Where required, they use alimited range of specialist terms appropriately.Intermediate performanceCandidate spells, punctuates and uses the rules ofgrammar with considerable accuracy and general controlof meaning in the context of the demands of thequestion. Where required, they use a good range ofspecialist terms with facility.High performanceCandidate spells, punctuates and uses the rules ofgrammar with consistent accuracy and effective controlof meaning in the context of the demands of thequestion. Where required, they use a wide range ofspecialist terms adeptly and with precision.
QuestionNumber7(a) (i)Correct AnswerRejectMarkA plasticAll otheranswers(1)QuestionNumber7(a) (ii)Correct AnswerRejectMarkB tourismAll otheranswers(1)QuestionNumber7(b)Correct AnswerMark1 mark for identifying each valid impact of coastaldevelopment(2)(1 1)Common responses likely to include:Building of tourist facilities which degrades coastalhabitats (1) because of waste discharged into water(coral) and/or removal to access beaches(mangroves) (1)Heavy demand for seafood reducing stocks (1) sodestroying ecosystem of reefs (coral) (1)Pollution of rivers and/or dams on rivers (1) changingdownstream sediment (mangroves) (1)Accept any other appropriate response.QuestionNumber7(c)Correct AnswerMark1 mark for basic idea/synonym of/for a cycle.Additional mark for developing the idea throughrecognition of living organisms involvedIt is the reuse (or similar) of materials/nutrients (1)between plants/vegetation and animals (1)OrThe transfer and storage of nutrients by livingorganisms (1) from their physical surroundings andback again (1)Accept any other appropriate response.(2)(1 1)
QuestionNumberIndicative content*7(d)QWCi-ii-iiiCandidates could focus on a wide range of global actions,including: LevelThe Law of the Sea, established to prevent individualcountries from taking more than their fair share
Aug 23, 2017 · Pearson Edexcel GCSE In Geography B (5GB1F/01) Unit 1: Dynamic Planet . Edexcel and BTEC Qualifications Edexcel and BTEC qualifications are awarded by Pearson, the UK’s largest awarding body. We provide a wide range of qualifications including academic, vocational, occupational and specific program
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