Developing Quality Infrastructure For Off-grid Systems

Developing Quality Infrastructure forOff-grid SystemsIOREC 201630 September 2016Nairobi, Kenya

Why standards forRET?2

Relevance of Standardisation forRenewable Energy Technologies Consumer protection Build trust with financialservices Enable promotion of RET Improve productdesign NA “Quality Infrastructure for Small Scale RET” Nurture emerging markets Enable technologypromotion Reduce trade barriers Attract new businesses

Market Support – Access to sources forfinancingPoor QualityHigh RiskDecreased Trustin a TechnologyNo FinanceSource: Holz, F. “The myth of PV module manufacturers’ bankability in project financing”Deutsche Bank AG

Policy Incentives linked to QualityRequirementsUSA- 14 states: ContractorLicensing Requirementsfor Renewable Energy- 4 States: EquipmentCertificationRequirements forRenewable EnergySource: http://www.dsireusa.org/

FunctionalitiesPlan and design(optional eConvertConsume

Mini-grids categorisationStand-aloneDCSystemGridsACDC Solar homeSolar lighting kits systemsAC/DCAC Solar homesystems; singlefacility AC systemsNano-gridPico-gridACMicro-grid, y componentLighting andappliancesResidential;Com torage, DCstorage, lighting, specialcell chargerappliancesLighting es,emergencypowerall usesall usesCommunity;Com rage, lighting,regular ACappliances. Building Generation single-phasewiring incl. but nodistribution systemdistributionGeneration three-phasedistribution controllerGeneration three-phasedistribution transmission

Communication standards withinelectricity supplySource: Adapted fromAppelrath et al., 2012

Developing QualityInfrastructure for RET9

International Standards for Small WindTurbines & Solar Water HeatersIECStandardIEC 61400-2IEC 6140011IEC 6140012-1Standard TitleStatus3rdRevision2013Wind turbine – Part 2: Small wind2ndturbinesRevisionfor turbines less than 200 m22006st1 Revision1995Wind turbine generator systems– Part 11: Acoustics noise2006measurement techniquesWind turbines – Part 12-1: Powerperformance measurements of2006electricity producing windturbinesIEC 6140014Wind turbines – Part 14:Declaration of apparent soundpower level and tonality values2005IEC 6140022Wind turbines – Part 22:Conformity testing andcertification2010IRENA (In Press) “Quality Infrastructure for Small Scale RET”

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International engagement instandardization processIEC TC 88 - WindIEC TC 82 - PVNumber of regionswith importantpotential for RET areunderrepresentedIEC TC 114 - MarineSource: www.irena.org/inspireISO TC 180 – Solar Thermal

Implementation requires a QualityInfrastructureRET ValueChainR&D,IPR,FiT,Tax credits,Soft loans,CarbonMarkets Source: Physikalisch-Technische BundesanstaltQualityInfrastructure

Holistic View - Quality Covers the WholeSystem, not Hardware onlyImplementation of Quality Schemes coversnot only equipment but whole systemsIncluding Design, Installation, O&M servicesTÜV Rheinland analyzed the faults in 125 largescale solar: “Every other fault that we detect isdue to incorrect installation. Poor or evendangerous cable routing, incorrect foundationor installation of the support frame, faults in theconnections or grounding and so on. One infive systems exhibits (mainly safety-relevant)faults that are so severe that immediate actionis required. And a further 10% of systems have alarge number of defects,”Source: TÜV Rheinland “Quality Monitor – Solar 2013: Cost Pressure Increases Risksto Quality of Solar Systems”Quality ality forservicesIRENA (2013) “International Standardisation in the Field ofRenewable Energy”

Quality infrastructure should be affordablefor the local market- Performance- Reliability-HS&E-Bankableprojects Cost In-countryExpertise End userAwarenessTesting & CertificationIRENA “Quality Infrastructure for Small Scale RET”

Proposed approach to develop qualityinfrastructure - Incremental approachQualityinfrastructure tobe developedhand-in-handwith countrycontext andmarket stagefor SWHtechnologies

Supporting countries to develop andimplement QI for RET Network of partners: IEC,PTB, WWEA, GSC,SolarUnited, SolarPowerEurope Studies on QI for solarthermal, small wind.Forthcoming PV Grid integration: gridconnection codes Workshops with policymakers and regulators Expanding cooperation withIEC and IECRE17

IRENA web platform for RE standardsand patents: www.irena.org/inspireINSPIRE - is an interactive platform whichfacilitates the access to such information by: Providing one entry point for information onrenewable energy technology (RET) patents andstandards for the public interested in RE but nonexperts in standards or patents Relating the information to practical applications Informing the users on what are and how to usepatents and standards for the deployment of RET Facilitating a dialogue between the differentstakeholders on these topics

Browse RE standards – using keywordsor dropdown menusE.g. Standards for PVSystems List of standards Includes abstracts, normativereferences Organisation developing thestandard and the hyperlinks

Tha nk you!Visit us: www.irena.org/inspireContact us: inspire@irena.orgFboshell@irena.org20

IEC 61400-2 Wind turbine –Part 2: Small wind turbines for turbines less than 200 m2 3rd Revision 2013 2nd Revision 2006 1st Revision 1995 IEC 61400-11 Wind turbine generator systems –Part 11: Acoustics noise measurement techniques 2006 IEC 61400-12-1 Wind turbines –Part 12-1: Power p