An Introduction To Person Centered Thinking
An Introduction toPerson Centered Thinking:Making a Difference NowAnne RoehlInstitute on Community Integration
Today’s Objectives1. Become familiar with the general principlesand values of person-centered methods2. Learn the key concepts of Person-CenteredThinking(PCT) and how the approachdiffers from Person-Centered Planning3. Review some PCT skills4. Learn about future training opportunities
What is “person centered”? What does it mean to you? What comes to your mindwhen you hear the words“person centered?” What do you expect tosee? Or not see?
Seven Person-Centered Myths1. “We’re already doing it”2. Person-centered planning means asking theperson, “What do you want?”3. Person-Centeredness means a persongetting everything they want4. A good plan means a good life
Seven Person-Centered Myths5. Person-Centeredness applies to only onetype of disability6. Person-Centeredness only applies to thoseworking with people who receive services7. Person-centered planning is a planningprocess that can be done separate frommore significant organizational change
5 Foundational BeliefsCommon to all Person Centered approaches:1. Essential questions are:– Who is this person?– What is important to him/her?2. Person-Centeredness aims to change commonpatterns of community life– Stimulate community hospitality– Enlist community members in assisting focuspeople to define and work toward a desirable future
5 Foundational Beliefs, continued3. Person-Centeredness fundamentally challengespractices that separate people and perpetuatecontrolling relationships4. Honest Person-Centered Planning can only comefrom respect for the dignity and completeness ofthe focus person5. Assisting people to define and pursue a desirablefuture tests one’s clarity, commitment andcourage
It’s NOT the settingA community LIFE and a HOMEis more than a “community residence”TLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
We want a system where The people who use the service(with the support of their families) Tell us how they want to live Make use of public resources to have the lifethey want (or as close as we can determine) Get the support they need to make the firsttwo happen
We want a system where The people who provide the service Are empowered to make a difference Use public resources wisely Get the support they need to make the firsttwo happen!
We want a system where Everyone feels heard Change is possible for people and for thesystems that serve them
Framework for Accomplishment John and Connie O’Brien, 1989 5 Valued Experiences The Purposes of Human Services
5 Valued Experiences1.2.3.4.5.Personal relationshipsSharing places & activitiesContributingMaking choicesBeing treated with respect and havingvalued social role
The Purposes of Human Services*1. To help people discover and movetoward a desirable personal future2. To offer help in ways that keep or givevalued experiences now3. To strengthen community competence* Framework for AccomplishmentJohn O’Brien and Connie O’Brien
Valued RolesThere’s no comprehensive list of valuedsocial roles, but it’s easy to recognize aperson who has not found one
A father, about his 9 year old daughter.“My dreams for Margaret are no different thanthose for my other children. I hope thatsomeday she may be a friendwifemothercolleagueTaxpayer ANYTHING but a client.”
Gambling study – Pioneer PressResearchers need to do more to identify whypeople with developmental disabilities may bemore vulnerable to gambling problems thanother people with low incomes.Winning at the games seems to be lessimportant than the atmosphere at the casinos.“It seems that socialization is most importantto them,” Farrell said.
Gambling study – Pioneer Press“They are treated like kings and queens whenthey walk in the door and they are treated as ifthey are no different than anyone else.”The challenge in treating and preventinggambling problems will be to find otheractivities that do the same thing, he said.”-- reported in St. Paul Pioneer Press,Oct. 18, 1998
It’s what we all want! So -- why don’t we ALWAYS feelfocused on and at work on what Johnand Connie O’Brien created?
How do we want things to be? We might know, want and believe inperson-centered values – but HOW are ouragencies and systems organized? What if person-centered ways were MOREof our Standard Operating Procedures?
Planning vs. Thinking Person Centered Planning Approaches– Focused on events– Action Planning Person Centered Thinking– Everyday ways of thinking– Impacts now and creates a foundation forfuture change/action planning– Impacts organizations and systems
Person-Centered PlanningDr. King said,“I have a dream.”He did not say,“I have an annual plan andquarterly goals and objectives.”
Person Centered PlanningThe term “Person-Centered Planning” refers to:A family of approachesto organizing and guiding community changein alliance with people with disabilitiesand their families and friendsJohn O’Brien and Herbert LovettFinding a Way Toward Everyday Lives
Person Centered Approaches - Examples Personal Futures PlanningMAPS planning methodsPATHDiscoveryEssential Lifestyle PlanningA Picture of a LifeWRAPMotivational Interviewing
Personal Futures Planning:Maps for the Journey: Personal Profile
PFP format: MAPS (school-age)1.2.3.4.5.What is the individual’s history?What is your dream for the individual?What is your nightmare?Who is the individual?What are the individual’s strengths, gifts, andabilities?6. What are the individual’s needs?7. What would the individual’s ideal day at schoollook like and what must be done to make ithappen?
PFP Format: Whole Life Planning Developed for transition-age students(Boston: employment RTC) Same maps, except “Ideal Job” added Available from www.trninc.com
PATHPlanning Alternative Tomorrows with HopeSteps:Situate yourself in a very positive future,Picture it clearly,Then think backwards
The Discovery Process An approach for discovering ameaningful career Strengths-focused exploration Real work experience
Essential Lifestyle Planning (ELP) Originally developed for people with“challenging reputations” by Michael Smulland colleagues Good plans are easily accessible andreflect what is important to the person andwhat others think is important for them Discovers core values (not superficialchoices) and how a person wants to live
Person Centered Approaches - Examples Personal Futures PlanningMAPS planning methodsPATHDiscoveryEssential Lifestyle PlanningA Picture of a LifeWRAPMotivational Interviewing
The Pitfall ANY “person-centered” approach can beused in an agency-centered or systemcentered way It’s not the approach as much as the valuesand the thinking driving it
Quality Person Centered PlanningThere is no “right planning method” for allpeople and all situations. A quality plan is: a promise to listena promise to act on what is hearda promise to be honesta promise to KEEP discovering andhonoring what’s important to people.TLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Person Centered Thinking Michael Smull: visiting states 5 years later andthey are using the same 5 people as good modelsSo, how do we “scale up?” “We need an increase not in person centeredplanning but in person-centered THINKING” This approach that allows for change at everylevel so that more people are impacted inmeaningful ways
How is Person Centered Thinking different? Powerful tools for discovery at levelof the person Focus on the “now” Also acknowledges we can’t be providingperson centered support without engaging inperson centered processes ourselves
Why this approach in Minnesota?It’s a method that: Provides a “common language” Promotes service planning and deliverythat empowers people who receiveservices and their families Enhances the state’s capacity improve theservice system (allows us to SHAPEcurrent and future changes)
The Basic ApproachPerson Centered Thinking leads toPerson Centered Practices which lead toPerson Centered Organizations which createPerson Centered Systems that supportPerson Directed Lives!
This work is about –Helping people get betterlivesNot just better plans TLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Person Centered Thinking A deliberate method to see the whole person,and not focus “fixing what is wrong” Set of tools that convey the core belief that allpeople have gifts to share A set of skills that result in teams keeping thefocus on the person who needs support – notagency or turf issues A way to discover, describe and assure thedesired life of the person who is supportedTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Person Centered ThinkingTHE CORE CONCEPT
Core Concept Important to and Important forTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Important to –Those things in life which help us be satisfied,content, comforted and happy. It includes: People to be with/relationships Things to do Places to go Rituals or routines Rhythm or pace of life Things to haveTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Important to – What is important to a person includesonly what people are “saying”– with their words– with their behavior When words and behavior are inconflict, listen to the behavior Includes what matters most, by theperson’s definitionTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Important for –This includes only those things that we need tokeep in mind regarding:1. Issues of health or safety Physical health and safety, including wellnessand prevention Emotional health and safety, includingsupport needed2. What others see as important to help theperson be a valued member of their communityTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Health and SafetyDictate LifestyleTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
All ChoiceNo ResponsibilityTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
BalanceTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Finding a Balance If something is important for us and is alsoimportant to us, we will do it If something important for us is notimportant to us, we have no interest indoing it If we want people to attend to what isimportant for them there has to be anaspect of it that is important to themTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Balancing Important TO and FOR Sequence matters: learning about whatmatters the most to the person first (a criticalaspect) It is not about either/or: paying attention tohealth, safety and valued social roles iscritical, but alone it is insufficient if not in thecontext of “important TO”TLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Balancing Important TO and FOR Risk management techniques currently oftenfocus on assuring safety or health at the costof what creates satisfaction for the person We need to change our frame of reference tobelieve that both can co-existTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Finding the Balance We all make tradeoffs between the manydifferent things that are important to us. Some people may love living in aparticular place. And are willing to makethe tradeoff when living there means alonger commute to the work they love.TLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Finding the Balance We also make tradeoffs between what isimportant to us and what is important forus. These tradeoffs can be temporary ORlong term solutions. Expressing personal opinions andspeaking my mind is important to me, butnot swearing in front of my neighbors isimportant for meTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Person Centered Thinking SkillsTOOLS TO HELP FIND BALANCE
Tools for asking “What do we know?”Before jumping to “What do we do?”If I had an hour to savethe world, I’d spend 55minutes definingthe problem.-Albert Einstein
Defining the problem (or goal)The more time you spenddefining the problem the better the solution
Discovery/Learning Tools Relationship MapsRituals and RoutinesGood Day/Bad Day2 minute drillCommunication ChartReputations
The “Relationship Map”FamilyPeoplewhose job isto supportme at homeand otherplacesPeople whosupport meat work orschoolFriendsTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Morning Ritual
Anne’s Morning Ritual6:15am: Alarm rings, or our son wakes us earlier. My husband,Jesse, rises to make coffee (organic, french press). I snuggle in bedwith our son, who bed-bombed us earlier or comes in when hehears alarm. We snooze if he’s tired, or talk about the day.6:20-6:30am: Jesse returns and when we hear him coming, we putthe covers over our head. We all spend a few minutes togetherbefore heading downstairs (playing peak-a-boo, somersaults on thebed, backrubs depending on son’s mood and energy level).6:30-6:40: Brush my teeth (Neem fluoride-free toothpaste,lukewarm water). Jesse gives Lincoln his pre-meal supplement andI put in the video Lincoln chooses after he uses bathroom.6:40: I Shower (organic, all natural products during and after).Wash face, hair, body. Towel off in the shower, apply lotion and puton my cozy, warm, thick organic cotton bathrobe. Brush hair.
Anne’s Morning Ritual, continued7:00: Check in on Linc’s routine, finish breakfast and/or mealtimesupplements as needed7:10-7:30: Get dressed (put on eyeliner about ½ the time). Cueand support Lincoln to get PJ’s off and dress for the day. Talk aboutday and who will pick him up that night. If Jesse is doing some ofthis, I check my e-mail on my phone. Have Lincoln finish breakfast.7:35-7:50: Grab breakfast for the road for myself (organic fruit,Kind Bar), pack up my laptop and lunch. Collect Lincoln’s things(e.g. iPad, food, etc.). Cue and support Lincoln to use thebathroom. Wash his face, apply lotion (chemical free) and brushteeth (Fluoride-free Neem toothpaste)7:55-8:00: Get jackets on. Put shoes on at the door. Grab water &bags. Kiss husband goodbye. Leave to get Lincoln to therapy andme to work (e.g. sit in traffic!) .
Example: Organizing Discovery InformationImportant ToMorning RitualAll natural products,organic foods Buying products that reflect myvalues Minimizing disruption (Headaches,behavior and sleep issues)Spending time with son,talking about the schedulefor the dayPreparing son for the daySetting him up for a good dayTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Other Rituals Going to BedTransitionBirthdayCultural/Holiday SpiritualVacationComfortCelebrationTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Good DayBad Day TLC-PCP 2012
Anne’s Good Day/Bad DayGood Day Smooth morning routine for my kids Less traffic than expected! Full Schedule Meetings start on time, stay on task Trainers are on time and preparedto go technologically & personally Supplies are prepared in advance I remembered my lunch and have agreen smoothie Training & it makes a difference:people get a lot out of it and seehow they can use the skills Creating new trainingsBad Day No sleep the night before and/ormy son has a hard morning Doing data entry/LONG meetings Technology doesn’t work Home late, lots of “after hours”work or lots of driving after longday of training I’ve forgotten something critical toan event, meeting or for myself I have an “off day” and struggle toexplain exercises clearly or delivertraining in an engaging way Emergency requests forinformation when I’m training
Sorting: Example What is important TO me?Good DayTrainers areon time andpreparedPeople seehow they canuse the skillsBad DayData Entry;LongMeetingsAfter hourswork or lotsof drivingMaking a meaningful impactBeing Efficient – time with family
Sorting: Example What can others do to SUPPORT me?Good DayTrainers areon time andpreparedPeople seehow they canuse the skillsBad DayData Entry;LongMeetingsAfter hourswork or lotsof drivingHelp manage logistics and keepthings organizedStay on time; keep meetingspurposeful and short
2 Minute Drill –alone or in combination Imagine that you have just been hired by a companythat prides itself in supporting its employees. They want to know what are the key things that youfind helpful in having a good day You want to give them an overview, a summary in 2minutes of what they need to know to support yousuccessfully. What would you say? How would you include what’simportant to & for you?Wrkbk pg 52TLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Communication ChartWhat is happeningI DoIt MeansTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.usYou Should
Communication Chart for RhondaWhat is HappeningRhonda doesWe Think It MeansAnd We ShouldYou are pushingRhondaLocks her chairI don’t want to gothereFigure out withRhonda where shewants to goRhonda is at the frontdoorKicks the doorI want to go outHelp her outside(unless there is toomuch pollen, about torain, etc.)Rhonda has stoppedeatingCatches your eye,pulls down napkinI’m done eatingTake leftovers awaynowI told you I wasfinished and youdidn’t listenClean up and dobetter next timeYou didn’t remove her Rhonda sweeps thefoodfood off her tray TLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Positive Introductions Introducing people using What is this person’s positive reputation? What do people like and admire?
Reputations:3 Steps to Learn From & Address Negative ReputationsPositiveReputationList of MildNegativesImportant TO me2nd Step1st StepIs theresomethingabout thenegativethat isactually apositive?List ofmildnegativesThink thruonenegativeat a timeIs there something about the negative that tellsus something about what is important to yourpartner?How to best Support Me3rd StepIf a negative is actually a negative at times:ask what do others need to know or do tosupport your partner at this time?TLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Everyday Learning Tools Learning Logs Working/Not working (a.k.a. MakesSense/Doesn’t Make Sense) 4 1 QuestionsTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Working/Not WorkingFocus in on a specific issue or area of lifeHelps you dig deeper Negotiation tool All must feel listened to – accurately reflectperspectives Start with common ground Remain unconditionally constructive Done in partnershipTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Working/Not Working A Bridge to action planning What needs to bemaintained/enhanced? What needs to change?TLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Person’sperspectiveUSE THISINFORMATIONTO BUILD THEStaff’sperspectiveAGENDAFOR THINGSTHAT ARE TOSTAY THE SAMETLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.usUSE THISINFORMATIONTO BUILD THEAGENDAFOR THINGSTHAT NEED TOCHANGE
Family’s PerspectiveBeth’s PerspectiveAfter a Change in Seizure Medication Nothing She doesn’t have seizures Generic medicine is lessexpensive than brand namemedicationTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us We think she’s dizzy and afraid offalling She can’t walk as well as she didbefore the new medicine She’s often angry She is getting aggressive She’s not herself – no longer asweet person She’s afraid to walk, seems fearfulof falling Behaviors started after changingseizure med from brand name togeneric – We think the generic isn’tworking like the brand name did
4 1What have youtried?1What have youlearned?2Whatare you?pleased about?3In this sectionwrite down whatyou have tried.Write what youWrite here whatlearned from your you liked aboutefforts.what you tried.What did you do?What went well?When did you doit?What worked foryou?What? are youconcernedabout?4Write here thechallenges youencountered.What didn’t youlike about whatyou tried?What didn’t workfor you? 1 – Given your learning what will you do next?TLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Management Tools Donut – clarification of roles Matching – staff skills to activities
The Donut Sort:Defining Staff Roles and ResponsibilitiesCoreResponsibilitiesCreativity & JudgmentTLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.usNOT OUR USUALRESPONSIBILITY
A Matching ProfileFor each Person – what are . . .Supportswanted andneededSkills neededTLC-PCP 2012 NeededSharedCommonInterests(would be niceto have)Wrkbk pg 9
This work is about –Helping people get betterlivesNot just better plans TLC-PCP 2012 www.learningcommunity.us
Person Centered Thinking (PCT) PCT is a 2-day, interactive training Learning the skills and practice usingthem in scenarios and on yourself Register into a One Day Intro orthe 2-day PCT at:rtc.umn.edu/pctp/training/
Thank You!If you want to know more about us or ourtrainings, feel free to contact me!Anne RoehlResearch and Training Center on Community LivingInstitute on Community IntegrationUniversity of Minnesota612-310-4661 or vand0202@umn.eduPCT Registration :http://rtc.umn.edu/pctp/training/
Person Centered Thinking Michael Smull: visiting states 5 years later and they are using the same 5 people as good models So, how do we “scale up?” “We need an increase not in person centered planning but in person-centered THINKING” This approach that allows for change at every level so that more people are impacted in
person-centered counseling with solution-focused brief therapy as a concrete, functional method to address student counseling needs within the school setting. Keywords: Rogerian, person-centered, solution-focused brief therapy, school counseling . 3 Person-Centered Counseling and Solution-Focused Brief Therapy: An Integrative Model for School Counselors In finding a word to describe school .
preferences and goals when coordinating care with others strong supporting /strong the individual. The CC is often at the center of HOW that care is coordinated. . Person-centered SMART Positive goals Health Risk strong Assessment /strong . Not Smart or Person Centered Goals SMART Person Centered Goals Member will stay living in his home Sam would like to stay living in .
Dec 02, 2019 · Person-centered planning is a process directed by the person with long -term service and support ( LTSS ) needs. The person -centered planning approach identifies the person’s strengths, goals, preferences, needs (medical and HCBS), and desired outcomes. The role of staff, family, and other team members is to enable and assist
of healing centered engagement to youth serving systems. Dr. Ginwright first coined the term "healing centered engagement" in 2018 in his article "The Future of Healing: Shifting from Trauma Informed Care to Healing Centered Engagement," published in Medium. Visit Flourish Agenda to learn more about Dr. Ginwright and healing centered engagement.
Centered Community, another Christ-centered small group study. Will and his wife Debbie have two children. THE GOSPEL-CENTERED LIFE THUNE WALKER ISBN: 978-1-942572-91-6 9 7 8 1 9 4 2 5 7 2 9 1 6 COVER DESIGN BY TIM GREEN, FACEOUT STUDIO WWW.NEWGROWTHPRESS.COM RELIGION / Christian Life / Spiritual Growth STUDY GUIDE WITH LEADER'S NOTES SERGE
Indicators: Desired life outcomes that align with person's individual and cultural values. Meaningful community membership Community job that the person chose Choice and control in what is important to the person. 7 Defining the pieces of person- centered practice. 8 Defining Person Centered Practices
work/products (Beading, Candles, Carving, Food Products, Soap, Weaving, etc.) ⃝I understand that if my work contains Indigenous visual representation that it is a reflection of the Indigenous culture of my native region. ⃝To the best of my knowledge, my work/products fall within Craft Council standards and expectations with respect to
Classical Theory and Modern Bureaucracy by Edward C. Page Classical theories of bureaucracy, of which that of Max Weber is the most impressive example, seem to be out of kilter with contemporary accounts of change within the civil service in particular and modern politico-administrative systems more generally. Hierarchy and rule-bound behaviour seem hard to square with an environment .
