Vasco Nunez De Balboa Lesson - Social Studies
WELCOME!On behalf of Splash! Publications, we would like to welcome you to Vasco Núñez de Balboa,one of twelve lessons in our Spanish Explorers and Conquistadors Unit. This lesson was designedby teachers with you and your students in mind.THE FORMATOur goal is a lesson that you can use immediately. No comprehension questions to write,activities to create, or vocabulary words to de ne. Simply make copies of the lesson for yourstudents and start teaching.THE VOCABULARYOur lessons feature words in bold type. We have included a Glossary to help studentspronounce and de ne the words. Unlike a dictionary, the de nitions in the Glossary areconcise and written in context. Remember, we’re teachers! Students will be exposed to thesevocabulary words in the comprehension activities. They will also be tested on the vocabularywords at the end of the lesson.Students will be responsible for lling out and studying their vocabulary cards. You may wantto have students bring in a small box for storing their vocabulary cards. We don’t have to tellyou that incorporating these words into your Reading and Spelling programs will save timeand make the words more meaningful for students.THE LESSON PLANBefore reading Vasco Núñez de Balboa, students will: complete Vocabulary Cards for abandoned, accused, autobiography, befriended,beheaded, biographies, Caribbean Sea, coast, colony, conquistador, convinced,debt, defeated, denied, dominions, expedition, fertile, governor, Hispaniola,historians, hostile, island, Isthmus of Panama, journal, loyally, mainland,New World, nobleman, preserved, raided, respect, treason, voyages, worshipped.After reading Vasco Núñez de Balboa, students will: answer Vasco Núñez de Balboa Comprehension Questions. answer Vasco Núñez de Balboa Discussion Questions. use number and letter pairs to complete Conquistador Grid Math. take a Vocabulary Quiz for Vasco Núñez de Balboa.NOTE: The answers to all activities and quizzes are at the end of the lesson.OUR OTHER SPANISH EXPLORERS AND CONQUISTADORS LESSONSChristopher Columbus, Amerigo Vespucci, Juan Ponce de León, Ferdinand Magellan, Hernando Cortés,Francisco Pizarro, Cabeza de Vaca, Hernando de Soto, Francisco de Coronado, Juan Cabrillo, andThe Future of New Spain.Spanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com1
Spanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com2
vasco Núnezde BalboaVasco Núñez de Balboa was born in Spain.It’s not clear exactly when he was born, but mosthistorians agree that it was probably in 1475. His parents were not wealthy, so young Vascoworked in the household of a rich nobleman who lived on the Atlantic Coast of southwestSpain. Many ships heading for the New World stopped here to pick of supplies and crewmembers. As sailors returned from their voyages, Vasco heard the stories of land and richesacross the Atlantic Ocean.VOYAGE TO SOUTH AMERICAIn 1501, Balboa joined a Spanish expedition to South America. The expedition exploredthe northern coast of present-day Colombia. The group was not able to settle in Colombiabecause they didn’t have enough men, food, or supplies. Instead, they sailed through theCaribbean Sea to the island of Hispaniola (his pan ee OH luh).Balboa used themoney he earned from theBAHAMASCUBASouth American expeditionto purchase land and pigs.HISPANIOLAUnfortunately, the NativeJAMAICAAmericans on the islandof Hispaniola worshippedpigs. They would not buyCENTRALCARIBBEAN SEAAMERICAor eat animals that theyworshipped.Unable tosuccessfully farm or raiseSOUTH AMERICACOLOMBIApigs, Balboa soon foundhimself poor and in debt.He wanted to leave Hispaniolaand join an expedition that was planning to build the colony of San Sebastián in SouthAmerica. The people to whom he owed money would not allow him to leave.In 1510, Balboa left Hispaniola by hiding on a ship that was taking supplies to SanSebastián. The captain discovered Balboa hiding in a barrel. He threatened to throw him offthe ship. Balboa’s life was saved because he convinced the captain that his knowledge of thearea they were going to could be useful. When they reached San Sebastián, they found that thecolonists had abandoned the settlement because of Native American attacks.Spanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com3
SANTA MARÍABalboa suggested that they move the colony west to Darién (DAIR ree an). Accordingto Balboa, fertile soil and friendlier Native Americans could be found in this area of SouthAmerica. When they arrived at the spot that Balboa had told them about, they found 500hostile Native American warriors ready to ght. After a dif cult battle, the Spaniardssuccessfully defeated the Native Americans. They raided the Native American village anddiscovered a treasure of golden ornaments. They named their new settlement Santa María.Santa María was the rst permanent settlement on the mainland of South America.GOVERNOR BALBOAAs a reward for his leadership, Vasco Balboa was chosen as the governor of SantaMaría. As governor, Balboa had complete power. From his settlement in Santa María,Governor Balboa sailed west along Panama’s coastline, defeating some Native Americans andmaking friends with others. He explored rivers, mountains, and swamps, searching for goldand capturing slaves. He claimed huge areas of new land for Spain. Balboa wrote to the kingof Spain asking for more men, weapons, and supplies for building ships.Balboa planted corn and received fresh supplies from Hispaniola and Spain. He got hismen ready for exploring. He collected a large amount of gold from the ornaments worn by theNative American women. Some of this gold was given to him; most of it he took by force.In 1513, Governor Balboa heard stories about an area to the south where people wereso rich that they ate and drank from dishes made of solid gold. Balboa was warned that hewould need at least 1,000 men to defeat the Native Americans living along the coast of whatthey called “the other ARIBBEAN SEASANSEBASTIÁNSOUTH AMERICAPANAMASANTA MARÍASpanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com4
DISCOVERING THE SOUTH SEAOn September 1, 1513, Balboa led an expedition of about 200 Spaniards, a few NativeAmerican guides and a pack of dogs across the Isthmus of Panama. The group includedfamous explorer Francisco Pizarro (puh ZAR roh), whom you will learn about soon. Using asmall ship and ten Native American canoes, the group sailed along the coast until they met upwith a tribe of Native Americans that Balboa had befriended. They left the Native Americanvillage with more than 1,000 men ready for battle. Balboa led his army through 45 miles ofPanama’s jungle.Thirty days later, the expedition reached the sea that Balboa had been told about.Balboa walked into the ocean, dipped his sword in the water, and claimed the water and all ofthe surrounding land for Spain. He named the new sea Mar del Sur, which means South Sea inEnglish. Today, we know this body of water as the Paci c Ocean.The most important reason for Balboa’s journey was to nd the gold. His large armyof Spaniards and Native American warriors easily defeated the native peoples living alongthe South Sea. As promised, Balboa found riches of gold and pearls. He then learned thatmore treasure could be found on a group of islands guarded by a powerful and feared tribe ofNative Americans. Balboa and a small group of warriors paddled canoes to reach the islands.After a bloody battle, Balboa and his army defeated the Native Americans on the islands.They took as much gold and pearls as they could carry in their canoes. Before leaving, Balboanamed the largest island Isla Rica, which means Rich ARIBBEAN SEASANSEBASTIÁNSOUTH SEAPACIFIC OCEANSpanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.comSOUTH AMERICAPANAMAISLARICASANTA MARÍA5
PEDRO ARIASOn January 19, 1514, Balboa returned to Santa María a very wealthy man. Moreimportantly, he had discovered the South Sea and claimed new land for Spain. As required bySpanish law, Balboa sent one fth of his treasureto King Ferdinand in Spain.Since Balboa had been gone forso long, King Ferdinand chose a newgovernor for Santa María. His name wasPedro Arias. In July 1514, Pedro Arias arrivedin Santa María with men, women, and supplies.Balboa was angry that he had been replacedas governor. He wanted more than anything toreturn to the South Sea and continue searchingfor pearls and gold. Unfortunately, Balboa wasno longer in power. It was the governor’s job todecide which explorers led expeditions.Balboa secretly planned his nextexpedition. Governor Arias found out aboutBalboa’s plans and had him arrested. Justas Governor Arias was planning to lockBalboa in a wooden cage, King Ferdinandreceived news of Balboa’s discoveries andone fth of the treasure that Balboa hadsent. The king saved Balboa’s life.King Ferdinand told Governor Ariasthat Balboa was to be shown the greatestrespect for all of his accomplishments.Governor Arias obeyed the king. He evenarranged for Balboa to marry one of hisdaughters.VASCO NÚÑEZ DE BALBOABALBOA’S DEATHIn 1517, Governor Arias permitted Balboa to return to the South Sea. On his way backto Santa María, Balboa was arrested by Francisco Pizarro, the same soldier who had been withhim when he discovered the South Sea. Pizarro had been sent by Governor Arias. Balboa wasaccused of trying to take control of the South Sea for himself. Balboa denied all charges anddemanded to be taken to Spain where he could speak with King Ferdinand and receive a fairtrial. Governor Arias refused. He ordered that the trial take place immediately.On January 15, 1519, Vasco Balboa and four of his friends were found guilty of treason.They were sentenced to death. As Balboa was led to the chopping block to have his headremoved, he screamed, “Lies, lies! Never have such crimes held a place in my heart. I havealways loyally served the King, with no thought in my mind but to increase his dominions.”After Balboa and his four friends were beheaded, their heads were put on public display forseveral days.Spanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com6
NameVASCO NÚÑEZ DE BALBOADirections: Read each question carefully. Darken the circle for the correct answer.1After reading the rst paragraphabout Vasco Nuñez de Balboa, youget the idea that –5A Paci c OceanA his parents gave him everything hewantedB Atlantic OceanC Gulf of MexicoB historians know exactly when hewas bornD Caribbean SeaC he listened to sailors tell their storiesD he was born in Italy26J He returned to Spain and became afarmer.7B He was beheaded.C He spent the rest of his life in awooden cage.D He was hanged.8C .captain discovered Balboa hidingin a barrel.If Balboa had been permitted to returnto Spain for a trial, he probably F would have been found not guiltyG would have been put to deathanywayH would still be alive todayJ would have told King Ferdinandabout how fairly he was treated byGovernor AriasD .convinced the captain that he wasvaluable.Which statement about GovernorBalboa is false?F He claimed land for Spain.G He took whatever he wanted.H He didn’t have any power in SantaMaría.J As governor, he searched for goldand captured slaves.Spanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.comWhat was Balboa’s punishment forbeing found guilty of treason?A He was sent back to Spain.Which phrase about Balboa tells youthat he was able to talk his way out ofdif cult situations?A .Balboa soon found himself poorand in debt.B .hiding on a ship that was takingsupplies to San Sebastián.4What was more important to Balboathan discovering this body of water?F Rescuing the Native Americans fromIsla Rica.G Making sure his soldiers were safeand well rested.H Finding the gold that others had toldhim about.J Returning safely to Santa María.What did Balboa do with the moneyhe earned from the expedition toSouth America?F He purchased land and pigs.G He sent it to his parents in Spain.H He paid for another trip to SouthAmerica.3Which body of water did Balboadiscover?7
NameLET’S TALK ABOUT ITVASCO NÚÑEZ DE BALBOAVasco Núñez de Balboa is famous for discovering the Paci c Ocean. Readthe questions below about Vasco Núñez de Balboa. Write your answers onthe lines provided. Attach a separate piece of paper if you need more room.Be ready to discuss some of your answers. We know Vasco Núñez de Balboa as a very successful explorer, but hefailed at being a pig farmer.In your own words, explain why Balboa failed at raising and selling pigs.When you grow up and start your own business, what will you sell?How will you keep from making the same mistakes that Balboa madewhen he started his business? When Balboa was arrested, Governor Pedro Arias refused to send himback to Spain for his trial.Why do you think Governor Arias refused to send Balboa back to Spainfor his trial?Spanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com8
NameThink about the resources we use to learn about history. Reading books, seeing movies,looking at photographs, studying maps, searching the Internet, digging for bones, and holdingpieces of pottery are some of the ways that we learn about the past.There are two types of sources to help us learn about what happened in the past. Primarysources are recorded by people who were there at the time. If you have ever read a diary oran autobiography, then you were reading something that was written by the person whowas actually recording the events and experiences as they were happening. Diaries andautobiographies are primary sources. Letters, interviews, photographs, original maps, bones,and pieces of pottery are other examples of primary sources because they give us “ rst-hand”knowledge of an event that took place in history.Secondary sources are recorded by people after an event took place. Many books havebeen written about important historical events and people. A book written in 1963 aboutthe life of Christopher Columbus is a secondary source because the author wasn’t actuallythere to interview the famous explorer and can’t give any “ rst-hand” knowledge. Movies,biographies, newspaper stories, and encyclopedias are other examples of secondary sourcesbecause they give us “second-hand” knowledge of events that took place in history.You have just nished studying about Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa.In this activity, you will decide whether a source of information is a primary source or asecondary source. On the lines provided, put a “P” next to the primary sources and an “S”next to the secondary sources.1. A piece of wood from one of Balboa’s ships preserved in a museum.2. A bottle of water from the South Sea.3. A page from Vasco Núñez de Balboa’s journal.4. Vasco Núñez de Balboa’s biography.5. A picture of Governor Pedro Arias drawn by your brother.6. The original letter that Balboa wrote to King Ferdinand asking for more supplies forhis colony.7. Pieces of gold that Balboa stole from Native Americans on Isla Rica.Spanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com9
Grid Math is a fun way to learn an important skill.Grids are used to nd placeson maps, to track weather patterns, and in space exploration.For Example:If you want to locate a place where C meets 3 (C,3), you would go over toC and up to 3. On a map or an atlas, (C,3) may be the place where youwould nd the name of your city.4321ADirections:(D,1)CBDIn this activity you will use a grid system to put together a puzzle thatshould remind you of Spanish conquistador (con KEE stah dor) VascoNuñez de Balboa. You will need the 48 puzzle pieces (some of the puzzlepieces are below and the rest of them are on the next page), and the blankgrid.1.Cut out the puzzle pieces one at a time (cut around the thick black line ofthe square). Glue that piece in its proper place on the empty grid beforecutting out the next piece. Make sure that you do not turn the puzzlepiece upside down or turn it on its side before gluing it; the way it looksbefore you cut it out is the way it should be glued onto the grid.2.Follow the example above: If the puzzle piece is labeled (D,1), glue thatpiece in the space where D meets 1 on the grid by going over to D and up to 1.(D,1) has been done for you as an example.3.When you are nished, color in your picture with your coloring pencils.(E,2)Spanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com(B,4)(H,3)10(D,6)(E,4)
(G,5)(C,5)Spanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com11
HGF12123456ABCDENAMESpanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com
NameVOCABULARY QUIZVASCO NÚÑEZ DE BALBOADirections:Match the vocabulary word on the left with its de nition on the right.Put the letter for the de nition on the blank next to the vocabularyword it matches. Use each word and de nition only once.1. accusedA.a term once used to describe thecontinents of North America and SouthAmerica.B.people who study history.C.a settlement of people who are ruledby another country.D.honored someone; usually during areligious ceremony.E.a written record of daily events.6. treasonF.the story of your life written by you.7. governorG.a Spanish soldier who conqueredthe Native Americans of Mexico andPeru.H.an island in the West Indies that liesbetween Cuba and Puerto Rico.I.didn’t agree to.J.won victory over.K.faithfully.L.large territories with one ruler.M.talked someone into doing somethingyour way.N.cut off someone’s head.O.the narrow strip of land connectingNorth and South America.2. worshipped3. Caribbean Sea4. convinced5. denied8. coast9. respect10. expedition11. autobiography12. raided13. Hispaniola14. nobleman15. biographiesSpanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com13
16. loyallyP.protected from injury or ruin so morecan be learned.17. voyagesQ.a large piece of land set apart from anisland.R.area of land that is completely surroundedby water.S.stories of a person’s life written bysomeone else.T.journey for the purpose of exploring.21. hostileU.blamed or charged with a crime.22. beheadedV.money that is owed to someone else.W.entered someone’s property for thepurpose of stealing.X.journeys that are usually made by water.Y.gave up completely.Z.an arm of the Atlantic Ocean surroundedon the north and east by the West Indies,on the south by South America, and on thewest by Central America.18. abandoned19. Isthmus of Panama20. befriended23. fertile24. colony25. dominions26. conquistador27. debtAA. made friends with someone.BB. to honor someone.28. defeatedCC. a man born to high rank.29. preservedDD. a person who is in charge of an area orgroup.30. historiansEE. a crime against your country’sgovernment.31. islandFF. angry and unfriendly.32. journalGG. rich soil that produces a large numberof crops.33. mainlandHH. an area of land that borders water.34. New WorldSpanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com14
GLOSSARYde feat ed won victory over.a ban doned gave up completely.de nied didn’t agree to.ac cused blamed or charged with a crime.do min ions large territories with one ruler.au to bi og ra phy the story of yourlife written by you.ex pe di tion journey for the purpose ofexploring.be friend ed made friends withsomeone.fer tile rich soil that produces a largenumber of crops.be head ed cut off someone’s head.gov er nor a person who is in charge of anarea or group.bi og ra phies stories of a person’s lifewritten by someone else.His pan i o la an island in the West Indiesthat lies between Cuba and Puerto Rico.Ca rib be an Sea an arm of the AtlanticOcean surrounded on the north and eastby the West Indies, on the south by SouthAmerica, and on the west by CentralAmerica.his to ri ans people who study history.hos tile angry and unfriendly.coast an area of land that borders water.is land area of land that is completelysurrounded by water.col o ny a settlement of people who areruled by another country.Isth mus of Pan a ma the narrow strip ofland connecting North and South America.con quis ta dor a Spanish soldier whoconquered the Native Americans of Mexicoand Peru.jour nal a written record of daily events.loy al ly faithfully.con vinced talked someone into doingsomething your way.main land a large piece of land set apartfrom an island.debt money that is owed to someone else.New World a term once used to describethe continents of North America and SouthAmerica.Spanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com15
no ble man a man born to high rank.pre served protected from injury or ruin somore can be learned.raid ed entered someone’s property for thepurpose of stealing.re spect to honor someone.trea son a crime against your country’sgovernment.voy ages journeys that are usually made bywater.wor shipped honored someone; usuallyduring a religious ceremony.Spanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.com16
ANSWERSANSWERS TOCOMPREHENSION QUESTIONS1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.ANSWERS TOVOCABULARY WERS TOCONSIDER THE SOURCE1.2.3.4.5.6.7.PPPSSPPANSWER TO GRID MATHSpanish Explorers and Conquistadors 2009splashpublications.comANSWERS TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONS1. Answers will vary, but should include that theNative Americans wouldn’t buy or eat Balboa’spigs because they worshipped the animals.2. Answers will vary.3. Answers will vary, but should include someunderstanding of the research involvedin starting a business; if Balboa had done hisresearch, he would not have raised an animalthat nobody on the island would buy.4. Answers will vary.17
Christopher Columbus, Amerigo Vespucci, Juan Ponce de León, Ferdinand Magellan, Hernando Cortés, Francisco Pizarro, Cabeza de Vaca, Hernando de Soto, Francisco
Vasco Nunez de Balboa -Explorer Early life Vasco Nunez de Balboa was born in Jerez de las Caballeros, a small town in the Province of Extremadura, Spain, in 1475. He first sailed for t!1e New World in 1501 and explored the northern coast of modern Colombia. He later settled in Hispaniola and turned to farming without success. In 1510
Vasco Núñez de Balboa is one of the world’s greatest explorers. However, Balboa was once a stowaway! Balboa was born in Spain around 1475. He trained to be a soldier from a young age. Growing up, Balboa heard stories of treasure and gold in the new Spanish colonies. In 1501, Balboa joined Don Rodrigo de Bastidas’s crew and their two ships. He
Vasco Núñez de Balboa Ferdinand Magellan Balboa Magellan Vasco Núñez de Balboa, a Spanish conquistador, first heard of the “other sea” (the Pacific . Ocean, Ferdinand Magellan believed it would be possible to sail from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean and reach the
Vasco Nunez deBalboa (10 pts) 1. de Balboa was the first European to do what? 2. In 1500 who did de Balboa set sail with? Where were they headed? 3. He went in search of what? When this didn't work out what did he do? 4. Who is Leoncico? 5. What did he do in 1511? 6. Who was Careta? 7. When and from where did de Balboa see the Pacific Ocean? 8.
4 Step Phonics Quiz Scores Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 Lesson 8 Lesson 9 Lesson 10 Lesson 11 Lesson 12 Lesson 13 Lesson 14 Lesson 15 . Zoo zoo Zoo zoo Yoyo yoyo Yoyo yoyo You you You you
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the Pacific Ocean ever since Vasco Núñez de Balboa first sailed by its shores in 1503 and wondered what was out there. Once Balboa learned from the native peoples that there was a great ex-panse of water and much gold to be found on the other side, he and his crew of Spanish sailors started
Vasco Nunez de Balboa Balboa sailed to present-day Panama in Central America. In 1513, he crossed the mountains and jungles of Panama and . Obstacles & Problems Finding many places along the coast that looked like sea passages
