Introduction To Phonemic Awareness, Sight Words, And .

9/14/2016shatorseSortIntroduction to PhonologicalAwareness, Sight Words, andStructural AnalysistheheItoandyouaWord Recognition What is word recognition? Strategies we use to identify the oralequivalent of a word. What are areas included in wordrecognition? Sight WordsPhonological AwarenessStructural AnalysisPhonicsverb: sort; arrange systematically in groups; separateaccording to type, class, etc. "she sorted out the clothes, some to bekept, some to be thrown away" synonyms: Classify, class, categorize, catalog, grade,group Key Words Phonological Awareness—the ability to detect rhymeand separate the sounds in words. This is a broad areathat includes phonemic awareness.Phoneme—individual speech sounds How many sounds are in the word cake? Phonemic Awareness—an awareness of sounds in thespeech stream.Coarticulation—the process of articulating a soundwhile still articulating the previous sound.1

9/14/2016Phonological Awareness Phonological awareness is anunderstanding of the sounds andstructure of spoken language.Ways we can teach Level One Word Rhyme Syllable Level Two Awareness of Initial Consonant Sound Alliteration Onset-Rime Lots of language play, too! Rhymes SongsExamples of PhonologicalAwareness—Syllable ClapExamples of Phonological Awareness—Rhyming Word Sit DownChildren walk around the room in a bigcircle taking one step each time a rhymingword is said by the teacher. When the teacher says a word that doesnot rhyme with the other words, then thechildren sit down. Examples—she, tree, flea, spree, key, bee,sea, went (children sit down) Talk with students about why knowingabout syllables can help them read andwrite words. Ask students to clap with you to identifythe syllables they hear in each word. Examples—adapt according to level ofstudent televisionfootball2

9/14/2016Examples of Phonological Awareness—Identification of Sounds in WordsPhonemic Awareness Using a song format to isolate the sound heard in thewords—sung to Old McDonald. What’s the sound that starts these words—turtle and time andteeth? (Wait for response) Level Three /t/ is the sound that starts these words—turtle, time, and teeth. With a /t/, /t/ here, and /t/, /t/ there, here a /t/, there a /t/,everywhere a /t/, /t/. /t/ is the sound that starts these words—turtle and time andteeth. Repeat with also with middle sounds and ending sounds.Examples of Phonemic Awareness—Phonemic SegmentationPhonemic awareness is theability to hear, identify, andmanipulate individualsounds (phonemes) inspoken words.Ways we can teach Segmenting Blending Manipulation—more advancedskill Lots of language play Rhymes SongsWhat is Blending? This activity teaches phonemic segmentation using asong format—Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star (sort of) Listen, listen to my word, Then tell me all the sounds you heard race/r/ is one sound/ā/ is two/s/ is last in race, it’s true. Students create words by combining word parts.Onsets and rimes can be used for blending activities: Onset—the part of the word prior to the vowel. (c) Rime—the vowel to the end of the word (-at) Ask students to solve riddles that incorporate bothrhyming and blending: I’m thinking of a word that begins with /t/ and rhymes withman. What is my word? Thanks for listening to my word, And telling all the sounds you heard.3

9/14/2016Examples of Phonemic Awareness—TeachingPhonemic Blending—”I Say it Slowly,You Say itFast” Game Explain to students that you will say the wordsslowly. Students should repeat the word back toyou. Example— Teacher says /k/-/ă/-/t/ Child says cat.Examples of Phonemic Awareness—Sound boxesShow students how to make sound boxes on theirpaper or lap boards. As the student says a word, then she stretches itout, while sliding a marker into each box as thesound, or phoneme, is heard. Examples— Example— Teacher says /r/-/ŏ/-/k/ Child says rock.Examples of Phonemic Awareness—Consonant SubstitutionResortThe most difficult task to do—substitution—requires multiple levels of processing. Children listen to a given word, then substitutea new sound in the word. Example— What rhymes with pig and starts with /d/--dig.What rhymes with book and starts with /k/--cook.What rhymes with sing and starts with /r/--ring.What rhymes with dog and starts with /fr/--frog.prefix: re To do again verb: sort; arrange systematically in groups; separateaccording to type, class, etc.4

9/14/2016Sight Words BINGOHigh Frequency Words Dolch FryColorsNumbers How can we teach this type of wordrecognition area? Examples of centers—BINGO, Concentration,PIG, Cloze, Roll-Say-Keep, and Gameboards. go index.htmlImportant BINGO NotesConcentrationBe sure to print one of Card One, one ofCard Two, one of Card Three, etc. If youdo 5 copies of Card One, then everyonehas a BINGO at the same time. Include markers for BINGO Card. Include a call list, which can be a printoutof the corresponding DOLCH list. You must do at least 5 BINGO cards. s/concentration.html5

9/14/2016Concentration NotesYou should use words from one list—notwords from a variety of different lists. There should be a least 20 differentwords in this center, which means therewould be 40 total (making 20 pairs). When you use this center for FEs, then itis a good idea to separate it into 2 gamesso that it is not so overwhelming toyoung students. For PK or K, you mighteven keep the game to 5 pairs at a time.PIG 1. Turn all cards upside down and spread them over the table.2. The player declares how many cards she thinks she can read (1-4)before getting a PIG or STOP card.3. A STOP card ends the turn, and the player can keep the cards.4. A PIG card also means the turn ends, but the player must return allwords already read correctly.5. Play continues until only PIG and STOP cards remain.6. The player with the most cards wins the ctions/pig.htmlPIG Notes Remember to include all parts in thegame: Word cardsPig cardsStop cardsDirectionsUse the corresponding mini-word cardsthat are included at the web site (don’tuse words from different lists).What is a Cloze Activity?Students determine the word that goes inthe missing blank. It can be used to activate a reader’sbackground knowledge The reader draws upon his knowledge of theworld to figure out the missing word.It’s a good activity to help buildcomprehension. It encourages the reader to draw uponsemantic, syntactic, and graphophonic cueingsystems. 6

9/14/2016ClozeCloze Activity as a CenterIf you do the cloze activity, then you needto use words from one list. You should only do one missing word persentence. There would need to be 20 words/20sentences. Remember to include directions and selfcheck. Hooray! Hooray!I’m eight today now I can have my own pet!It can’t be hairy. It can’t be too tall.It can’t too scary. can’t be too small.beandtooItRoll-Say-KeepPlace a card in eachblank. The player rolls thedie. If she can read theword, then she cankeep it. She should replace theblank with a new card. The next player gets aturn. Roll-Say-Keep NotesRemember-20 words per center. Same rules as previously noted-don’t mixlists within a game. Remember to include all parts. s/rollkeep.html7

9/14/2016Gameboards Players alternateturns.Roll the die-read thenumber of wordsshown by the die.For example, if theplayer rolls a “6”,then he must read 6words before movingthat number on thegameboard.The first player toreach the finish line isthe winner.Gameboard NotesOne gameboard and one set of minicardsequals one center. There are a variety of gameboards at theSchoolBell web site. s/gameboards.htmlOther Notes about the Sight WordCenterDo not use word searches for the sightword center. Do not use crossword puzzles. You can mix and match elements tocomplete this center. For example, youcould use 10 words in a BINGO game,then use another 10 words as the PIGgame. Resort prefix: re To do again verb: sort; arrange systematically in groups; separateaccording to type, class, etc.8

9/14/2016Structural Analysis Looking at parts of the words, or chunks.Knowledge of syllables.Includes compound words, contractions, multisyllablewords, inflectional endings, prefixes, suffixes.Teach by analogy by focusing on onset and rime: Onset—part of the syllable prior to the vowel Rime—vowel to the end of the syllable Example—cat– “c” is onset,“-at” is rime If I can spell cat, then I can spell bat, fat, hat, mat,pat, rat, sat, and vat. Example—hit—”h” is onset,“-it” is rime If I can spell hit, then I can spell bit, fit, kit, lit, sit,wit, and zit.Compound Words—PossibleCentersConcentration—match two words to makea compound word. You would need toinclude a master list of words in case thereare any questions about a match. General Matching Game—match two wordcards to form a compound word.The selfcheck can be the way the cards are cut. General Note—there must be 20 compoundwords to make a complete center.Thatmeans there would be 40 different parts thatare used to form the compound word. ContractionsFocus on Prefixes and/or SuffixesBINGO—the contraction can be shown onthe BINGO card, and the call list shows thetwo words that make the contraction.Remember to include 5 different cards forone BINGO game. Concentration—one card shows thecontraction (ex. don’t), and the other cardshows the two words (do not). PIG—you could make your own PIG gameusing the same ideas that was used in sightwords. This time you would use justcontractions for the word cards. The idea here is that the structuralanalysis focus is on the parts that came beput together to form a word. re play fillfull refillplayfulYou could create a game where studentscombine different root words with aprefix or suffix to form new words. Remember to include a master list—becareful of possible multiple answers. 9

9/14/2016Onset and RimeMatch the Onset to the RimeOnset—part of the syllable prior to thevowel Rime—the vowel to the end of the syllable Examples b d That Onset-th Rime-at Horse Onset-h Rime-orseNotes about Onset/Rime c p batellot tr suckununkugResortThe previous examples also have a commonvowel sound—short / ŭ/.You don’t have to do it this way. Instead, you canmix and match word families. verb: sort; arrange systematically in groups; separateaccording to type, class, etc. "she sorted out the clothes, some to bekept, some to be thrown away" synonyms: Classify, class, categorize, catalog, grade,group 10

Onset and Rime Onset—part of the syllable prior to the vowel Rime—the vowel to the end of the syllable Examples That Onset-th Rime-at Horse Onset-h Rime-orse Match the Onset to the Rime b _ d _ tr _ s _ unk ug uck un Notes about Onset/Rime The pre