Post Cold War NATO - UNC Center For European Studies

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Power Point accompaniment for the Consortium’s lessonNATO: Post Cold War-To view this PDF as a projectable presentation, save the file, click “View” in the top menubar of the file, and select “Full Screen Mode”-To request an editable PPT version of this presentation, send a request to cnorris@unc.edu

What is an alliance? What is the purpose of an alliance? What are some examples of alliances?

Cold War The Cold War was a period of East-Westcompetition, tension, and conflict short of fullscale war, characterized by mutual perceptions ofhostile intention between military-politicalalliances or blocs. There were real wars, sometimes called "proxywars" because they were fought by Soviet alliesrather than the USSR itself -- along withcompetition for influence in the Third World, anda major superpower arms race.

US v USSRUnited States & Allies Capitalist, market-basedeconomy Democratic republic Open societyUSSR & Allies Communist, statecontrolled economy Dictatorship Closed society

The Cold War Began in 1945, withdisagreements overthe future of postWWII Europe.– Yalta Conference Ended in 1991, withthe collapse of theSoviet Union.

NATO Charter Read the NATO Charter aloud and answerthe attached questions as a group.

NATO Formed as a defense alliance against the Soviet Union– If one member is attacked, all the others are expected torespond. The Soviet Union responded with the Warsaw Pact Additional countries were added to NATO in 1952,1955, 1982

OriginalMembers BelgiumNetherlandsLuxembourgFranceUnited KingdomUnited StatesPortugalItalyNorwayDenmarkIcelandMembers AddedDuring the Cold War 1952– Greece & Turkey 1955– West Germany 1982– Spain

Major Cold War Events Berlin Airlift (1948 – 49) Second Red Scare &McCarthyism in the US(1947 – 57) China becomescommunist (1949) Korean War (1951 – 53) Berlin Wall (1961 – 89) Cuban Missile Crisis(1962) Vietnam War (1955 –75) Cuba becomescommunist (1961 – 62) Soviet Invasion ofAfghanistan (1979 – 89)

NATO During the Cold War NATO Secretary General, Lord Ismay, oncesaid: “[the purpose of NATO is] to keepthe Russians out, the Americans in, and theGermans down”. Since there was never a full scale outbreakof hostilities between the US and USSRduring the Cold War, NATO was never calledinto action.

Post Cold War NATO The end of the Cold War and the dissolution ofthe Warsaw Pact in 1991 removed the defacto main adversary of NATO. This caused a strategic re-evaluation of NATO'spurpose, nature and tasks. In practice this ended up entailing a gradual(and still ongoing) expansion of NATO toEastern Europe, as well as the extension of itsactivities to areas that had not formerly beenNATO concerns.

NATO Members Post-Cold War 1999o CzechRepublico Hungaryo Poland ovakiaSlovenia 2009o Albaniao Croatia

Post Cold War NATO Conflict remained in the world, despite thecollapse of the Soviet Union. How would NATO respond?

Cold War The Cold War was a period of East-West competition, tension, and conflict short of full-scale war, characterized by mutual perceptions of hostile intention between military-political alliances or blocs. There were real wars, sometimes called "proxy wars" because they were fought by Soviet allies

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