What Are Soil Map Units And Web Soil Survey
2011 Maryland Soil SurveyWork Planning ConferenceWhat are Soil Map Units andWeb Soil SurveyJames BrewerResource Soil ScientistUSDA-NRCS
Objectives Explain the concepts of scale andmap unit design Identify the official source of soilsurvey information Describe Web Soil Survey andexplain how it can be used todevelop soil maps and reports
Soil Survey Soil surveys describe kinds of soils thatexist in an area Soils are described in terms of their–––––location on the landscapeprofile characteristicsrelationships to one anothersuitability for various usesneeds for particular types of management Soils are grouped into map units for displaypurposes
Soil Map Units A soil map unit is a collection of areasdefined and named the same in terms oftheir soil components (e.g., series) ormiscellaneous areas or both– Fallsington sandy loam, 0 to 2% slopes– Marr-Dodon complex, 2 to 5% slopes Soil map units are the basic unit of a soilmap Each soil map unit differs in some respectfrom all others in a survey area
Soil Map Units Each map unit has a unique symbol(numbers or letters) on the soil map– FaA– MnB “Mono-taxa” units are dominated bya single soil type “Multi-taxa” units include two ormore main soil types
Which is a “Map Unit”?SmAA DelineationSmAA collection of delineationsnamed the same, a.k.a. a Map Unit
Soil Delineations Each individual area ofsoil on a map is adelineation Soil delineationboundaries are drawnwherever there is asignificant change inthe type of soil. Soil delineationstypically relate to theunderlying landform(e.g., floodplain,backslope, terrace)
Types of Map Units Consociations– Delineated areas are dominated by asingle soil component and similar soils FaA Fallsington sandy loam, 0 to 2% slopes CrC Croom gravelly sandy loam, 5 to 10%slopes
Types of Map Units Complexes and Associations– Delineated areas consist of two or moredissimilar components that occur in aconsistent, repeating pattern– Major components in a complex CAN NOT beseparated at mapping scale– Major components in an association CAN beseparated at mapping scale MnA Marr-Dodon complex, 2 to 5% slopes GbB Galestown-Urban land complex, 0 to 5% slopes
Types of Map Units Undifferentiated Groups– Delineated areas consist of two or more soilcomponents that are not related in aconsistent, repeating pattern– The overriding factor is often some factor thatlimits use and management (e.g., steepness,stoniness, flooding) ZS Zekiah and Issue soils, frequently flooded HZE Howell and Dodon soils, 15 to 25% slopes
Working with Multi-Taxa Map Units In older soil surveys, interpretations were givenfor each map unit based on the „most limiting‟interpretation or the dominant component NASIS now provides properties andinterpretations for each component in a map unit,along with % composition User may decide how to aggregate the data– dominant condition, dominant component, mostlimiting, least limiting, weighted average Web Soil Survey and Soil Data Viewer containtools to help users analyze data
Mapping Scale Scale depends on the intricacy of the soil patternin relation to the expected intensity of land use– It may not be necessary to delineate complex soilpatterns in areas of low intensity land use Most modern surveys are conducted at scales of1:24,000 or 1:12,000 The amount of detail displayed on a soil map islimited by the legibility of that map at publicationscale– As map scale decreases, minimum delineation sizeincreases
Mapping Scale Minimum delineation size for many MD surveys is 1.4 acres– Areas smaller than this will not be delineated– Larger soil delineations may contain areas of soil thatare quite different than the named soil map unit(dissimilar soils) Care must be taken when viewing or using thesemaps at scales larger than the mapping scale– Line placement may not be accurate at larger scales– Mapping concepts reflect the mapping scale; additionalcomplexity visible at larger scales is not accounted for
Reporting Problems with SoilSurvey Data Send an email to the State SoilScientist– Include the location, a description of theproblem, and if possible, a map The State Soil Scientist will forwardproblems to the appropriate MLRASoil Survey Office
Official Soil Survey Data Digital soil data (“SSURGO”) warehousedon NRCS‟s Soil Data Mart is the officialsource of soil survey data Data stored on the Soil Data Martsupersedes all other sources of soilsurvey information Where digital soil survey data does notexist, the most recent hard copypublication contains the official soilsurvey data
Web Soil Survey Web Soil Survey is the NationalCooperative Soil Survey‟s principaldata exploration and delivery tool Web Soil Survey has replacedtraditional hard copy publications asthe primary means of distributingsoil survey e.htm
Why Use Web Soil Survey? Immediate access to the most up-to-datesoil data WSS is NEVER out of date! Develop custom reports that addressspecific soil questions or concerns– for a soil survey area– for a specific property ( 10,000 acres) or“Area of Interest” Reduce publication and storage costs Reduce environmental impact
Requirements for Running WSS Display Resolution– 1024 x768 or higher– Will work for resolutions as low as 800 x 600,but not optimal JavaScript must be enabled Cookies– Session Cookies required to maintain a WSSsession– Persistent Cookies not required, but do allowyou to save your WSS preferences Popup Blocker should be configured toallow popups from this site
Clickhere tostartWSS
How to Use Information
Basic Steps Define your Area of Interest (AOI) View and/or print your Soil Map Explore your Soils Information (map,tables, reports) Add to Free Shopping Cart andCheck Out
Web Soil Survey Functions
Navigate to an Area of Interest (AOI)10 different ways to find alocation
Zoom to a Location or Region
1. Define the Area of Interest (AOI)
Draw the AOI
View and Label the AOI
2. Create and View a Soil Map
View Map Unit DescriptionsClick on a mapunit in the legendfor a description
3. Print a Soil Map
Explore and Analyze Soil Datawith WSS Soil Data Explorer– Learn the terminology andconcepts associated with soils,soil interpretations, and land uses– Create maps and reports of soilinterpretations and properties– Minimal learning curve andhardware requirements
4. Explore Soil Data
Soil Data Explorer – Intro to Soils
Determine Appropriate Uses for aSoilGenerate maps that show whatkinds of soils are suitable forspecific land uses Approximately 80interpretations
Land Capability Class Example
Land Capability Class Map
View Soil Properties and Qualities Approximately 46reports
Soil Erosion Factors
Soil Erosion Factors
Kw: Surface Horizon
Kw: Surface Horizon
Soil Properties and QualitiesAvailable Water Supply 0-100cm
Soil Physical Properties
Soil Qualities and Features
View Soil ReportsApproximately 40reports
Soil Erosion Reports
Create a Printable Report
5. Build Your Own Soil Survey
Add Content to Shopping Cart
Parts of a Custom Soil Survey
Check Out
My Soil Survey
6. Download SSURGO Soil Data DownloadSSURGO data justfor your area ofinterest
Coming Soon In the next release of WSS (sometimethis spring), users will be able tosave, export, and import Area ofInterest boundaries in shapefileformat In a subsequent release, the AOI sizelimit will be increased to 40,000 acres
Questions?
Soil Map Units A soil map unit is a collection of areas defined and named the same in terms of their soil components (e.g., series) or miscellaneous areas or both –Fallsington sandy loam, 0 to 2% slopes –Marr-Dodon complex, 2 to 5% slopes Soil map units are the basic unit of a soil map Each soil map unit differs in some
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Harrison County, Ohio. General Soil Map The general soil map, which is the color map preceding the detailed soil maps, shows the survey area divided into groups of associated soils called general soil map units. This map is
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3 Objectives of Soil Mechanics To perform the Engineering soil surveys. To develop rational soil sampling devices and soil sampling methods. To develop suitable soil testing devices and soil testing methods. To collect and classify soils and their physical properties on the basis of fundamental knowledge of soil mechanics. To investigate the physical properties of soil and
Connecticut State Soils Staff for the concept and design of this useful tool! Page 2 of 13. Soil Data Explorer Tab -- Web Soil Survey. Topic Map or Table Name Tab of Soil Data Explorer. User Options. Menu Sub Menu Map or Table Notes Minor Soils Depth Range. AASHTO Group. AASHTO. Classification, Surface. Soil Properties and Qualities Soil .
Topographic map Political map Contour-line map Natural resource map Military map Other Weather map Pictograph Satellite photograph/mosaic Artifact map Bird's-eye map TYPE OF MAP (Check one): UNIQUE PHYSICAL QUALITIES OF THE MAP (Check one or more): Title Name of mapmaker Scale Date H
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