Sewer Construction Standards - Tewksbury
Sewer Construction StandardsTown of Tewksbury, MassachusettsEffective: January, 2013
TABLE OF CONTENTSABBREVIATIONS AND REFERENCES ASECTION 1 - PIPE LOCATIONS 1SECTION 2 - OPEN EXCAVATIONS 2SECTION 3 - MAINTENANCE OF TRAFFIC 3SECTION 4 - CARE AND PROTECTION OF PROPERTY 4SECTION 5 - PROTECTION AND RELOCATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES ANDUTILITIES 5SECTION 6 - TREE REMOVAL WITHIN THE RIGHT-OF-WAY 6SECTION 7 - PROVISIONS FOR CONTROL OF EROSION 7SECTION 8 - PIPE SEPARATION REQUIREMENTS 8SECTION 9 - DUST CONTROL 9SECTION 10 - TRAFFIC REGULATIONS 10SECTION 11 - ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 11SECTION 12 - DEWATERING AND DRAINAGE 12SECTION 13 - EARTHWORK 13SECTION 14 - GRANULAR FILL MATERIALS 15SECTION 15 - PRECAST CONCRETE MANHOLES 17SECTION 16 - SEWER TESTING AND CLEANING 23SECTION 17 - DUCTILE IRON PIPE AND FITTINGS 27SECTION 18 - POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) PIPE 30SECTION 19 - SUBMERSIBLE SEWAGE PUMPING STATIONS 34CONSTRUCTION STANDARD DETAILSDESCRIPTIONDRAWING NoTYPICAL TRENCH DETAIL FOR SEWER PIPE A-1TYPICAL TRENCH DETAIL FOR DI WATER MAIN OR DI FORCE MAIN A-2COMMON TRENCH FOR SEWER AND FORCE MAIN A-3CONCRETE ENCASEMENT DETAIL A-4DI CHIMNEY DETAIL (ELEVATION) A-5.1DI CHIMNEY DETAIL (SECTION) A-5.2
PIPE TRENCH DAM DETAIL (PLAN & SECTION) A-6EXISTING UTILITY CROSSING DETAIL A-7SEWER SERVICE CONNECTION DETAIL (PLAN) A-8.1SEWER SERVICE CONNECTION DETAIL (SECTION) A-8.2PIPE CONNECTION DETAILS (A-LOK SYSTEM) A-9.1PIPE CONNECTION DETAILS (FLEXIBLE SLEEVE) A-9.2PIPE CONNECTION DETAILS (CONCRETE ENCASEMENT) A-9.3PIPE CONNECTION DETAILS (KOR-N-SEAL BOOT) A-9.4TYPICAL PRECAST SEWER MANHOLE (PLAN) A-10.1TYPICAL PRECAST SEWER MANHOLE (SECTION A-A) A-10.2TYPICAL PRECAST SEWER MANHOLE (SECTION B-B) A-10.3PVC DROP CONNECTION ANCHOR DETAIL A-11PVC DROP CONNECTION (INTERNAL) A-12INTERMEDIATE LANDING FOR PRECAST MANHOLES (FOR USE WITH DEEPMANHOLES) A-13TYPICAL PRECAST MANHOLE WITH CAST-IN-PLACE BASE A-14GRAVEL ROAD CONCRETE COLLAR DETAIL A-15SERVICE LINE CONNECTION TO PRESSURE SEWER A-16PRESSURE SEWER FLUSHING CONNECTION A-17FORCE MAIN CLEANOUT DETAIL A-18AIR INLET VALVE A-19TYPICAL TRENCH DETAIL FOR SEWER AT RAILROAD CROSSING A-20.1TYPICAL JACKING SLEEVE SECTION A-20.2CONNECTION TO EXISTING SEWER A-21
ABBREVIATIONS AND AWSAWWAFed. Spec.DIPRAIEEENCPINEMANFPANEWWAOSHASSPC-The American Association of State Highway and Transportation OfficialsAmerican Concrete Institute AGA - American Gas AssociationAmerican Institute of Steel ConstructionAmerican Iron and Steel InstituteAmerican National Standards InstituteAmerican Petroleum InstituteAmerican Society of Civil EngineersAmerican Society of Mechanical EngineersAmerican Society for Testing and MaterialsAmerican Wood Preservers AssociationAmerican Welding SocietyAmerican Water Works AssociationFederal SpecificationsDuctile Iron Pipe Research AssociationInstitute of Electrical and Electronic EngineersNational Clay Pipe InstituteNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationNational Fire Protection AssociationNew England Water Works AssociationsOccupational Safety and Health ActSteel Structures Painting CouncilREFERENCE STANDARDSA. American Association of State Highways and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)1. AASHTO M144 - Standard Specification for Calcium ChlorideB. American Concrete Institute (ACI)1. ACI 318 - Building Code Requirement for Structural ConcreteC. American National Standards Institute (ANSI)1. ANSI B16.1 - Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged FittingsD. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)1. ASTM A48 - Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings2. ASTM A307 - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs 60,000 PSITensile Strength3. ASTM A615 - Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel Bars forConcrete ReinforcementA
4. ASTM C32 - Standard Specification for Sewer and Manhole Brick (Made from Clay orShale)5. ASTM C33 – Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates6. ASTM C62 - Standard Specification for Building Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made fromClay or Shale)7. ASTM C150 - Standard Specification for Portland Cement8. ASTM C207 - Standard Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Purposes9. ASTM D422 – Test Method for Particle Size Analysis of Soils10. ASTM C443 - Standard Specification for Joints for Circular Concrete Sewer and CulvertPipe, Using Rubber Gaskets11. ASTM C478 - Standard Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections12. ASTM D4101 - Standard Specification for Propylene Plastic Injection and ExtrusionMaterials13. ASTM D1557 – Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil UsingModified Effort14. ASTM D1784 - Standard Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)Compounds and Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds15. ASTM D2321 - Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe forSewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications16. ASTM D2922 – Density of Soil in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)17. ASTM D3017 – Standard Test Method for Water Content of Soil in Place by NuclearMethods (Shallow Depth)18. ASTM D3034 - Standard Specification for Type PSM Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) SewerPipe and Fittings19. ASTM D3212 - Standard Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic Pipes UsingFlexible Elastomeric Seals20. ASTM F477 - Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining PlasticPipe21. ASTM F679 - Standard Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Large-DiameterB
22. ASTM F1417 - Standard Test Method for Installation Acceptance of Plastic Gravity SewerLines Using Low-Pressure Air LinesE.American Water Works Association (AWWA)1. AWWA C104 - Cement-Mortar Lining for Ductile-Iron Pressure Pipe and Fittings2. AWWA C105 - Polyethylene Encasement for Ductile-Iron Piping for Water and OtherLiquids3. AWWA C110 - Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings, 3-in Through 48-in for Water andOther Liquids4. AWWA C111 - Rubber-Gasket Joints for Ductile-Iron Pressure Pipe and Fittings5. AWWA C115 - Standard for Flanged Ductile-Iron Pipe with Threaded Flanges6. AWWA C151 - Ductile-Iron Pipe, Centrifugally Cast in Metal Molds or Sand-LinedMolds for Water or Other Liquids7. AWWA C153 - Ductile-Iron Compact Fittings, 3-in Through 16-in for Water and OtherLiquids8. AWWA C600 - Standard for Installation of Ductile-Iron Water Mains and TheirAppurtenances9. AWWA C651 - Disinfection Water MainsF.National Sanitation Foundation (NSF)1. Standard No. 14 – Plastic Piping Components and Related MaterialsWhere reference is made to one of the above standards, the revision in effect at the time ofissuance of the permit shall apply.C
SECTION 1PIPE LOCATIONS1.01Pipelines shall be located substantially as indicated on the approved plans. The Superintendentreserves the right to make such modifications in locations as may be found desirable to avoidinterference with existing structures or for other reasons.1.02Where fittings are noted on the plans, such notation is for the Drain Layer’s convenience anddoes not relieve him/her from laying and jointing different or additional items where required.1
SECTION 2OPEN EXCAVATIONS2.01Adequately safeguard all open excavations by providing temporary barricades, cautions signs,lights and other means to prevent accidents to persons and damage to property. Provide suitableand safe bridges and other crossings for accommodating travel by pedestrians and workmen.Remove bridges provided for access during construction when no longer required.2.02The length or size of excavation will be controlled by the particular surrounding conditions, butshall always be confined to the limits prescribed by the Superintendent. If the excavationbecomes a hazard, or if it excessively restricts traffic at any point, the Superintendent mayrequire special construction procedures such as limiting the length of the open trench, prohibitingstacking excavated material in the street, and requiring that the trench shall not remain openovernight.2.03Effective January 1, 2009, any Drain Layer proposing to excavate within the Town ofTewksbury’s boundaries must also apply for an excavation and trench permit pursuant to M.G.L.c. 82A §1 and 520 CMR 14.00.2
SECTION 3MAINTENANCE OF TRAFFIC3.01Unless permission to close a street is received in writing from the Tewksbury Police Department,place all excavated material so that vehicular and pedestrian traffic may be maintained at alltimes. If the Drain Layer’s operations cause traffic hazards, the Drain Layer shall repair the roadsurface, provide temporary ways, erect wheel guards or fences, or take other measures for safetysatisfactory to the Superintendent.3.02Detours around construction will be subject to the approval of the Superintendent and theTewksbury Police Department. Where detours are permitted, provide all necessary barricadesand signs as required to divert the flow of traffic.3.03Expedite construction operations while traffic is detoured. Periods when traffic is being detouredwill be strictly controlled by the Superintendent. The Drain Layer shall submit a trafficmanagement plan for review and approval prior to implementing any detours.3
SECTION 4CARE AND PROTECTION OF PROPERTY4.01The Drain Layer shall be responsible for the preservation of all public and private property anduse every precaution necessary to prevent damage thereto. If any direct or indirect damage isdone to public or private property by or on account of any act, omission, neglect, or misconductin the execution of the work on the part of the Drain Layer, restore such property to a conditionsimilar or equal to that existing before the damage was done, or make good the damage in othermanner acceptable to the Superintendent.4
SECTION 5PROTECTION AND RELOCATION OF EXISTING STRUCTURES AND UTILITIES5.01The Drain Layer shall assume full responsibility for the protection of all buildings, structures andutilities, public or private, including poles, signs, services to buildings, utilities in the street, gaspipes, water pipes, hydrants, sewers, drains and electric and telephone cables, whether or notthey are shown on the approved plans.5.02Carefully support and protect all such structures and utilities from injury of any kind. The DrainLayer shall immediately repair any damage resulting from construction operations.5.03The Drain Layer shall bear full responsibility for obtaining all locations of undergroundstructures and utilities (both public and/or private) including existing water services, drain linesand sewers.5.04The Drain Layer shall be responsible for notifying DIGSAFE and private utility mark-outcompanies prior to excavating. Maintain services to buildings and pay all costs or chargesresulting from damage thereto.5.05At pipe crossings the drain layer shall place screened gravel bedding so that the existing utility orpipe is firmly supported for its entire exposed length. The bedding shall extend to the middiameter of the pipe crossed.5
SECTION 6TREE REMOVAL WITHIN RIGHT-OF-WAY6.01Any trees within Town Right-of-Way that need to be cut/trimmed or removed to facilitate sewerconstruction must be posted with the Town’s Tree Warden. Trees must be posted for a two weekperiod prior to removal. The Drain Layer shall be responsible for contacting and coordinatingwith the Tree Warden and following all state/local requirements, as necessary.6
SECTION 7PROVISIONS FOR CONTROL OF EROSION7.01The Drain Layer shall take sufficient precautions during construction to minimize the run-off ofpolluting substances such as silt, clay, fuels, oils, bitumens and calcium chloride into the suppliesand surface waters of the State. Special precautions shall be taken in the use of constructionequipment to prevent operations which promote erosion.7.02Disposal of drainage shall be approved by the Superintendent. Prevent the flow or seepage ofdrainage back into the drainage area. Drainage shall not be disposed of until silt and othersedimentary materials have been removed. Particular care shall be taken to prevent the dischargeof unsuitable drainage to a water supply or surface water body.7.02Should the Drain Layer propose to discharge water from dewatering and drainage operations to awetland, stream, river, or other surface water resource, the Drain Layer shall prepare aStormwater Pollution Prevention Plan and file a National Pollutant Discharge EliminationSystem (NPDES) Notice of Intent for discharge. The Drain Layer shall also comply with therequirements of the Tewksbury Conservation Commission Order of Conditions, including butnot limited to:A. Prior to beginning any work on the sites, provide notification by letter to the TewksburyConservation Commission that the Drain Layer is the party responsible for the work on theproject, with the Drain Layers contact information to which notification shall be directed.B. Provide required signage.C. Install erosion and sedimentation control as shown on the approved plans prior to sitepreparation activities. The Drain Layer shall be required to contact the TewksburyConservation Commission agent to inspect siltation installed under this contract prior toexcavation.7.03The Drain Layer shall conduct the work in compliance with all permits and insure that allenvironmental sign-offs and approvals are obtained. The Drain Layer shall have a copy of theOrder of Conditions, the SWPPP, and the Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan on-site at alltimes.7
SECTION 8PIPE SEPARATION REQUIREMENTS8.01Water main relocation is not required if a water main has a minimum horizontal separation froma new sewer of at least 10 feet, or is above a new sewer with a vertical clearance greater than orequal to 18-in. Where the vertical clearance is less than 18-in and an existing water main crossesover or through the proposed new sewer, the water main shall be replaced.8.02If the sewer crosses over the water main, regardless of the vertical separation, both pipes shall beconcrete encased for a distance of 10 feet either side of the respective centerline. The use ofrestrained mechanical joints on ductile iron water pipe will be acceptable in lieu of concreteencasement.8
SECTION 9DUST CONTROL9.01The Drain Layer shall perform dust control operations, in an approved manner, whenevernecessary or when directed by the Superintendent, even though other work on the project may besuspended. Dust control shall be generally accomplished by the use of water; however the use ofcalcium chloride may be used when necessary to control dust nuisance.9.02Calcium chloride shall conform to AASHTO M144 Type I except requirements for “total alkalichlorides” and other impurities shall not apply. Methods of controlling dust shall meet all airpollutants standards as set forth by Federal and State regulatory agencies.9
SECTION 10TRAFFIC REGULATIONS10.01 The Drain Layer shall perform all work in accordance with the Manual on Uniform TrafficControl Devices (MUTCD), the approved plans and these standards. The Drain Layer shallfurnish, install, operate and maintain equipment, services and personnel, with traffic control andprotective devices, as required to expedite vehicular traffic flow during construction.10.02 The Drain Layer shall submit a Traffic Management Plan to the Superintendent for approval.The plan shall detail all temporary changes in traffic control equipment, street or road closure,detours, etc. The Drain Layer shall make every effort to adhere to the approved plan. Whennecessary, the Drain Layer shall update this plan and forward these changes to theSuperintendent, Town of Tewksbury Police Department, Fire Department and SchoolDepartment for approval. The Superintendent reserves the right to modify the plan throughoutthe course of the work.10.03 The Drain Layer shall remove temporary equipment and facilities when no longer required andrestore grounds to original conditions. The Drain Layer shall notify all property owners at least48 hours in advance of any work that will interfere with access to their residence or place ofbusiness.10.04 No road shall be closed to traffic without the prior consent of the Superintendent. Traffic control,including but not restricted to signing and devices, shall be provided for all openings in roads bythe Drain Layer in accordance with State standards.10
SECTION 11ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION11.01 The control of environmental pollution requires consideration of air, water, and land, involvesmanagement of noise and solid waste, as well as pollutants. The work shall be scheduled andconducted in a manner that will minimize the erosion of soils in the area of the work.11.02 Provide erosion control measures such as diversion channels, sedimentation, or filtrationsystems, sedimentation, basins, berms, staked hay bales, seeding, mulching or other specialsurface treatments as are required to prevent silting and muddying of streams, rivers,impoundments, lakes, etc. All erosion control measures shall be in place in an area prior to anyconstruction activity in that area.11.03 All phases of sedimentation and erosion shall comply with the Town of Tewksbury ConservationCommission requirements. The Drain Layer shall be responsible for filing an NPDESConstruction Dewatering Permit prior to commencement of the Work. A copy of the permit andthe application shall be filed with the Superintendent and the Town of Tewksbury ConservationCommission.11.04 Care shall be taken to prevent, or reduce to a minimum, any damage to any stream frompollution by debris, sediment or other material, or from the manipulation of equipment and/ormaterials in or near such streams.11.05 Water that has been used for washing or processing, or that contains oils or sediments that willreduce the quality of the water in the stream, shall not be directly returned to the stream. Suchwaters will be diverted through a settling basin or filter before being directed into the streams.11.06 The Drain Layer shall not discharge water from dewatering operations directly into any live orintermittent stream, channel, wetlands, surface water or any storm water. Water from dewateringoperations shall be treated by filtration, settling basins, or other approved method to reduce theamount of sediment contained in the water to allowable levels.11
SECTION 12DEWATERING AND DRAINAGE12.01 The primary purpose of groundwater control is to preserve the undisturbed bearing capacity ofsubgrade soils in the areas of the proposed pipeline and associated structures. In areas wherepipelines and structures bear on soil, the Drain Layer shall lower the groundwater to at least 2feet below the bottom of any part of the excavation within the pipeline alignments or structurefootprints.12.02 Additional groundwater lowering may be necessary beyond the 2 feet requirement to preservethe undisturbed bearing capacity of the subgrade soils, depending on construction methods andequipment used and on the prevailing groundwater and soil conditions. The Drain Layer isresponsible for lowering the groundwater level to whatever level is dictated by the selectedconstruction methods and site conditions.12.03 Deep wells, well points and sump and any other groundwater control system components shallbe designed to prevent loss of fines from surrounding soils. Sand filters shall be used with alldewatering installations unless screens are properly sized to prevent passage of fines fromsurrounding soils.12.04 Dewatering and drainage system designs shall be prepared by a licensed professional engineerregistered in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, having a minimum of 5 years of professionalexperience in the design and construction of dewatering and drainage systems in similarsubsurface and groundwater conditions. Submit an original statement by the professionalengineer stating that the dewatering and drainage system designs have been prepared by theprofessional engineer and that the professional engineer will be responsible for their execution.The dewatering system shall include design calculations. The Drain Layer shall not proceed withany excavation until the dewatering and drainage submittal has been reviewed by theSuperintendent.12.05 Pipe and masonry shall not be laid in water or submerged within 24 hours after being placed.Water shall not flow over new masonry within 4 days of placement. In no event shall water riseto cause unbalanced pressure on structures until the concrete or mortar has set at least 24 hours.12.06 Prevent flotation of the pipe by promptly placing backfill.12.07 Dewatering shall at all times be conducted in such a manner as to preserve the naturalundisturbed capacity of the subgrade soils at proposed bottom of excavation. If the subgrade ofthe trench bottom becomes disturbed due to inadequate drainage, excavate below normal gradeand refill with screened gravel.12.08 Water entering the excavation from precipitation or surface runoff shall be collected in shallowditches around the perimeter of the excavation, drained to sump and pumped from the excavationto maintain a bottom free from standing water. Existing or new sanitary sewer shall not be usedto dispose of drainage.12
SECTION 13EARTHWORK13.01 Excavation shall extend to the width and depth shown on the approved plans or as specifiedherein and shall provide suitable room for installing pipe, structures and appurtenances. TheDrain Layer shall design, furnish, install, monitor and maintain all trench support required forexcavation, including sheeting, bracing and supports and shall remove from the excavation allmaterials which may be deemed unsuitable for backfilling.13.02 The bottom of the excavation shall be firm, dry and in all respects acceptable. If conditionswarrant, the Drain Layer shall deposit gravel for pipe bedding, or gravel refill for excavationbelow grade, directly on the bottom of the trench immediately after excavation has reached theproper depth and before the bottom of the trench has become softened of disturbed by any causewhatever.13.03 Prior to the general placement of the fill and during such placement, the Superintendent mayselect areas within the limits of the fill for testing the degree of compaction obtained. Whenfeasible, test results will be obtained prior to initial trench paving. If test results areunsatisfactory, trench pavement shall be removed, subsoils compacted, and trench pavementreplaced, all at the Drain Layer’s expense.13.04 Temporary dewatering and drainage system shall be in place and operational prior to beginningexcavation work. Any organic soils, or soft or loose soil encountered at or below the pipe orstructure subgrade elevation shall be overexcavated and replaced with compacted structural fill,screened gravel or other approved material.13.05 Excavation and dewatering shall be accomplished by methods which preserve the undisturbedstate of subgrade soils. The trench may be excavated by machinery to, or just below thedesignated subgrade, provided that material remaining in the bottom of the trench is no morethan slightly disturbed for pipelines.13.06 Rock shall be removed at a minimum of 8-inch clearance around the bottom and sides of allpipes being laid. Where pipe is to be laid directly on the trench bottom, final excavation at thebottom of the trench shall be performed manually, providing a flat-bottom true to grade uponundisturbed material. Where excavation for structure is required, recompact the bottom of thetrench with a minimum of 4 passes of a hand operated vibratory compactor.13.07 Fragments of boulder and ledge smaller than 6-in may be used in trench backfill providing thatthe quantity is not excessive. Rock fragments shall not be placed until the last pipe has at least 2ft of earth cover.13.08 Bituminous paving and frozen material shall not be used has backfill under any circumstances.Backfill around structures shall be selected common fill material, performed with approvedcompaction equipment.13
13.09 Structural fill shall be placed below structures in layers having a maximum thickness of 8-in inopen areas and 4-in in confined areas including points where conduit and piping join structures,measured before compaction.13.10 Each layer of structural fill shall be compacted to at least 95 percent of maximum dry densitydetermined by the ASTM Compaction Test, Designation D1557. Compaction of structural fill inopen areas shall consist of heavy vibratory roller. Compaction of structural fill in confined areasshall be accomplished by hand operated vibratory equipment. As a minimum, compaction ofstructural fill shall consist of four coverages of the approved equipment. No compaction shall bedone when the material is too wet either from rain, or excess application of water.13.11 All road surfaces shall be broomed and hose-cleaned immediately after backfilling. Dust controlmeasures shall be employed at all times.13.12 The Drain Layer shall notify the Superintendent in advance of compaction activities and makeprepared subgrade surfaces available to the inspector for observation and testing.14
SECTION 14GRANULAR FILL MATERIALS14.01 Bank-run gravel shall consist of hard, durable stone and coarse sand, essentially free from frost,frozen lumps, loam and clay, deleterious materials and shall conform to the gradationrequirements found in Section M1.03.0 Type b of the Massachusetts Highway Department“Standard Specifications for Highways and Bridges”.Sieve3-in1/2 –inNo. 4No. 50No. 200Percent Passing10050-8540-758-280-1014.02 Processed gravel shall consist of hard, durable stone and coarse sand, essentially free from frost,frozen lumps, loam and clay, wood, brick, concrete, construction debris, recycled asphaltproducts or other deleterious materials and shall conform to the gradation requirements found inSection M1.03.1 of the Massachusetts Highway Department “Standard Specifications forHighway and Bridges”.Sieve3-in1 1/2 –in3/4 –inNo. 4No. 200Percent Passing10070-10050-8530-600-1014.03 Screened gravel shall consist of hard, durable, particles of proper size and gradation, free fromsand, loam, clay, excess fines and deleterious materials. The size of the particles shall beuniformly graded gravel such that not less than 95 percent of the particles that will pass a ½-insieve, 40 to 70 percent will pass the 3/8-in sieve, and not more than 5 percent will pass a No. 4sieve, Crushed stone conforming to Section M.2.014 of the Massachusetts Highway Department“Standard Specifications for Highway and Bridges” may be used as pipe bedding in lieu ofscreened gravel. Structural fill shall be gravel, sandy gravel, or gravelly sand free of organicmaterial, loam, wood, trash, snow, ice, frozen soil and other objectionable material and shall begraded within the following limits:Sieve3-inNo. 4No. 40No. 200Percent Passing10020-705 to 350-1015
14.04 Common fill shall consist of mineral soil, substantially free of clay, organic material, loam,wood, trash, snow, ice, frozen soil and other objectionable materials which may be compressible,or which cannot be compacted properly. Common fill shall not contain stones larger than 6-in inany dimensions, broken concrete, masonry, rubble, asphalt pavement, or other similar materials.Common fill shall not have more than 30 percent passing the No. 200 sieve. It shall havephysical properties such that it can be readily spread and compacted.14.05 Crushed stone shall consist of sound, durable stone, free of any foreign material, angular inshape, free from structural defects and comparatively free of chemical decay. The stone shall bea maximum size of 2-in and a minimum size of ½-in.14.06 Sand shall conform to ASTM C33 for fine aggregate.16
SECTION 15PRECAST CONCRETE MANHOLES15.01 Precast concrete barrel sections and transition top sections, shall conform to ASTM C478 andmeet the following requirements:A. The wall thickness shall not be less than 5-in for 48-in diameter reinforced barrel sections, 6in for 60-in diameter reinforced barrel sections, and 7-in for 72-in diameter reinforced barrelsections.B. Top sections shall be eccentric except that barrel sections shall be used where shallow pipecover requires a top section less than 4-ft as shown on the approved drawings.C. Barrel sections shall have tongue and groove joints.D. All sections shall be cured
3. AWWA C110 - Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings, 3-in Through 48-in for Water and Other Liquids 4. AWWA C111 - Rubber-Gasket Joints for Ductile-Iron Pressure Pipe and Fittings 5. AWWA C115 - Standard for Flanged Ductile-Iron Pipe with Threaded Flanges 6. AWWA C151 - Ductile-Iron
SECTION 6: SANITARY SEWER SERVICE LINES 6.1 Scope SEWER-26 6.2 Quality Assurance SEWER-26 6.3 Job Conditions SEWER-26 6.4 Pipe SEWER-26 6.5 Flexible Couplings SEWER-27 6.6 General SEWER-27 6.7 Trenching, Backfilling and Compaction SEWER-27 6.8 Taps SEWER-27
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