Alkyl Polyglucosides (APG - CCINDUSTRIAL
Alkyl Polyglucosides (APG )Benefits of Glucopon -Typesin Hard Surface CleaningAPG in HSC – April 20051
Alkyl PolyglucosidesContentChemical StructureProduct Overview of Cognis APG Product Properties Soil Removal Emulsifier Potential Plastic Compatibility Foaming Properties new Filming Properties new Anti-Streakingnew Skin CompatibilitySummaryAPG in HSC – April 20052
Alkyl PolyglucosidesContentChemical StructureProduct Overview of Cognis APG Product Properties Soil Removal Emulsifier Potential Plastic Compatibility Foaming Properties Filming Properties Anti-Streaking Skin CompatibilitySummaryAPG in HSC – April 20053
Alkyl PolyglucosidesChemical Structure-RXR is based on natural, renewable resourcesAPG in HSC – April 20054X DPDP 1.3 – 1.7
Alkyl PolyglucosidesContentChemical StructureProduct Overview of Cognis APG Product Properties Soil Removal Emulsifier Potential Plastic Compatibility Foaming Properties Filming Properties Anti-Streaking Skin CompatibilitySummaryAPG in HSC – April 20055
Alkyl PolyglucosidesCognis Glucopon - Line for Home Care / I&I (EU Production)Glucopon LineProduct Properties215 CS UP225 DK425 N/HH600 CS UP650 ECC8-10C8-10C8-14C12-14C8-14DP (approx.)1,51,71,51,41,5Appearanceyellowish, slightlycloudy liquidbrownish liquidyellowish liquidyellowish, slightlycloudy pasteyellowish, slightlycloudy liquidActive substance [%]62 - 6568 - 7248 - 5250 - 5350 - 53Water content [%]35 - 3828 - 3248 - 5247 - 5047 - 50Viscosity3.000 – 4.000mPa.s, 20 C3.500 – 5.000mPa.s, 20 C300 - 600mPa.s, 20 C2.000 – 4.000mPa.s, 40 C1.500 – 3.000mPa.s, 20 CpH value11.5 - 12.5 (10%)6.0 - 9.0 (10%)7.0 - 9.5 (20%)11.5 - 12.5 (20%)11.5 - 12.5 (20%) 40 C 40 C 40 C 50 C 40 orage Temperature [ C]Biodegradation (OECD 301 A-F)Compliant with EU- DetergentRegulationAPG in HSC – April 20056
Alkyl PolyglucosidesCognis Glucopon - Line for Home Care / I&I (US Production)APG Glucopon LineProduct Properties325 N220 UP225 DK425 N600 UP625 UPC-ChainC9-11C8-10C8-10C8-14C12-14C12-14DP (approx.)1,51,51,71,51,41,6Appearancelight yellow,clear liquidhazy liquidbrownliquidclear liquidlight yellow,hazy pastelight yellow,hazy pasteActive substance [%]48 - 5258 - 6268 - 7248 - 5248 - 5248 - 52Water content [%]42 - 4842 - 3828 - 3242 - 4842 - 4842 - 48Viscosity [cps,25 C]4.0002.8004.80055018.00021.5007.0 - 9.511.5 - 12.56.0 - 8.07.0 - 9.511.5 - 12.511.5 - 12.5pH value [10%]Storage Temperature [ C]Biodegradation (OECD 301 A-F)Compliant with EU- DetergentRegulation 43 PG in HSC – April 20057
Alkyl PolyglucosidesContentChemical StructureProduct Overview of Cognis APG Product Properties Soil Removal Emulsifier Potential Plastic Compatibility Foaming Properties Filming Properties Anti-Streaking Skin CompatibilitySummaryAPG in HSC – April 20058
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesSoil RemovalTesting of Cleaning Performance According to Gardner Methodby Automatic Test Equipment.APG in HSC – April 20059
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesSoil RemovalTest Conditions for Automatic Test EquipmentApplication of diluted solution of 2 % AM in water.Soil for Diluted Application (83/21)%Content17,0Myritol 318 (caprylic / capric triglyceride)40,0Telura 310 (mineral oil, naphthenic)36,0Benzine (80/110)7,0Pigment Black 7 (Degussa Cl 77266)APG in HSC – April 200510
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesSoil Removal1009080Soil Removal [%]706050403020100Glucopon 215 CS UPGlucopon 650 ECGlucopon 425 N/HHGlucopon 225 DKGlucopon 600 CS UPAPG in HSC – April 200511Glucopon 625 UP
Alkyl PolyglucosidesContentChemical StructureProduct Overview of Cognis APG Product Properties Soil Removal Emulsifier Potential Plastic Compatibility Foaming Properties Filming Properties Anti-Streaking Skin CompatibilitySummaryAPG in HSC – April 200512
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesEmulsifier PotentialTesting of Emulsification Properties by Observation ofMixture of Olive Oil and Surfactant Solution.Test Method50 ml of olive oil and 50 ml ofsurfactant solution (2% AM in water)is mixed 1200 /-3 rpm for 2 minutes.After 1 and 4 hours observation of thelevel of remaining test solution.PrincipleThe lower the remaining level, thebetter the emulsification properties ofthe test solution.APG in HSC – April 200513
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesEmulsifier Potential50Surfactant Solution [ml]4030after 1 hafter 4 h20100Glucopon Glucopon Glucopon Glucopon Glucopon Glucopon 215 CS UP 225 DK425 N/HH 600 CS UP 650 EC625 UPAPG in HSC – April 200514
Alkyl PolyglucosidesContentChemical StructureProduct Overview of Cognis APG Product Properties Soil Removal Emulsifier Potential Plastic Compatibility Foaming Properties Filming Properties Anti-Streaking Skin CompatibilitySummaryAPG in HSC – April 200515
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesPlastic CompatibilityTesting of Plastic Compatibility Spline / Corrosion TestAccording to the Hansgrohe MethodMethodologyThe plastic test stripe, containing a stainless steal pin in a hole (tension), is dipped fivedays in a row shortly into the test solution. The test strip is checked visually after 4 hours 3 days 7 days and 14 days test period.AssessmentRangeunchangedfissuresAPG in HSC – April 200516through-cracksfraction
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesPlastic onNonionic surfactantsConcentration: 5 % active substancePlastic: Plexiglas (PMMA)14d7d3d4hW lanecodIsCUPPUH/HSNSCAPG in HSC – April 200517
Alkyl PolyglucosidesActual AdvertsPlastic CompatiblityPlastic is a common elementin nowadays households.APG perfectly matches thenecessity for plasticcompatibility of householdcleaner.APG in HSC – April 200518
Alkyl PolyglucosidesContentChemical StructureProduct Overview of Cognis APG Product Properties Soil Removal Emulsifier Potential Plastic Compatibility Foaming Properties new Filming Properties Anti-Streaking Skin CompatibilitySummaryAPG in HSC – April 200519
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesFoaming BehaviorTest ConditionsTrigger spray application.Formulations were tested on ceramic tiles.Observation of foaming behavior without rinsing and wiping the test solution.Time Intervals after application after 50 seconds after 2 minutes after 3 minutesComparative Foaming TestFormulation 1with Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate (FAEO)Formulation 2vs.with Glucopon 215 CS UPAPG in HSC – April 200520
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesFoaming BehaviorUsed test formulationsIngredientsFormulation 1Formulation 22,0--3,0Citric Acid4,04,0NaOH (31%)2,22,2IPA (Isopropyl Alcohol)2,02,0Colour, Fragrance,Preservativeq.sq.s.add to 100add to 10022Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate(C9-11, 8EO)Glucopon 215 CS UPDe-ionized WaterTotal Active Matter [%]Both formulations are clear liquid in their appearance and have a pH value of 3.0 - 3.5.APG in HSC – April 200521
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesFoaming BehaviorVideo LinkAPG in HSC – April 200522
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesFoaming BehaviorResults Foaming behavior of formulation with Glucopon 215 CS UP is betterthan the formulation containing FAEO. Foam is relatively stablethroughout the tested time interval. Formulation with Glucopon 215 CS UP left nearly no residues onceramic tile after foam has finally disappeared, while the formulation withFAEO clearly left spots and stains of the test solution.APG in HSC – April 200523
Alkyl PolyglucosidesActual AdvertsFoaming BehaviorStable foaming behavior of productto promote better cleaningpropertiesAPG in HSC – April 200524
Alkyl PolyglucosidesContentChemical StructureProduct Overview of Cognis APG Product Properties Soil Removal Emulsifier Potential Plastic Compatibility Foaming Properties Filming Properties new Anti-Streaking Skin CompatibilitySummaryAPG in HSC – April 200525
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesFilming BehaviorTest Conditions:Tests were performed on ceramic tiles.Observation of filming behavior by placing one drop of test solution and dispersing it on thesurface with the same systematic.Comparative Filming Tests:I.Formulation 1with Glucopon 215 CS UPII.vs.with Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES)Formulation 4vs.Formulation 1with Glucopon 215 CS UPwith Sodium Alkane Sulfate (SAS)Formulation 3Formulation 1with Glucopon 215 CS UPIV.vs.Formulation 1with Glucopon 215 CS UPIII.Formulation 2with Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate (FAEO)Formulation 5vs.with Alkyl Polyglucoside (APG )APG in HSC – April 200526
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesFilming BehaviorUsed test formulationsIngredients (% AM)Formulation 1Formulation 2Formulation 3Formulation 4Formulation 53,1-----3,3---Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES)--2,8--Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate (FAEO)with 8 4q.s.q.s.q.s.q.s.q.s.22222Glucopon 215 CS UPAlkyl Poly Glucoside (APG )Sodium Alkane Sulfate (SAS)Texapon N 70Glucopon 650 ECAlkyl Poly Glucoside (APG )IPA (Isopropanol Alcohol)WaterDyeTotal Active Matter [%]All formulations have a pH value of 7.0 – 8.0.APG in HSC – April 200527
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesFilming BehaviorVideo LinkAPG in HSC – April 200528
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesFilming BehaviorResultsFormulation with Glucopon 215 CS UP shows the best filming behavior. Thetest formulation spreads equally on the surface / ceramic tile.APG in HSC – April 200529
Alkyl PolyglucosidesContentChemical StructureProduct Overview of Cognis APG Product Properties Soil Removal Emulsifier Potential Plastic Compatibility Foaming Properties Filming Propertiesnew Anti-Streaking Skin CompatibilitySummaryAPG in HSC – April 200530
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesAnti - StreakingVisibility of Residues Streaks are drops of surfactant aligned in rows. Streaks / droplets are always present on the treated surface. Constant / streak free films exhibit significantly smaller droplets.APG on glass, 10xFAEO on glass, 10xAPG in HSC – April 200531
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesAnti-StreakingComparative Anti-Streaking Test:Formulation 1with Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate (FAEO)Formulation 2vs.with Glucopon 215 CS UPTest Conditions:Trigger spray application.Formulations were tested on ceramic tiles.Observation of streaking behavior by wiping the surface after application of the test solution.APG in HSC – April 200532
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesAnti-StreakingUsed test formulationsIngredientsFormulation 1Formulation 22,0--3,0Citric Acid4,04,0NaOH (31%)2,22,2IPA (Isopropyl Alcohol)2,02,0Colour, Fragrance,Preservativeq.sq.s.add to 100add to 10022Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate(C9-11, 8EO)Glucopon 215 CS UPDe-ionized WaterTotal Active Matter [%]Both formulations are clear liquid in their appearance and have a pH-value of 3.0 - 3.5.APG in HSC – April 200533
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesAnti-StreakingVideo LinkAPG in HSC – April 200534
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesAnti-StreakingResults Formulation with Glucopon 215 CS UP has better anti-streaking effectsthatn the formulation containing FAEO. Formulation with Glucopon 215 CS UP leaves nearly no streaks onceramic tile after wiping, while the formulation with FAEO left clearlyspots and stains of the test solution.APG in HSC – April 200535
Alkyl PolyglucosidesActual AdvertsAnti-StreakingAnti-Streaking properties of windowcleaner for easy cleaning and moreconvenience.APG in HSC – April 200536
Alkyl PolyglucosidesContentChemical StructureProduct Overview of Cognis APG Product Properties Soil Removal Emulsifier Potential Plastic Compatibility Foaming Properties Filming Properties Anti-Streaking Skin CompatibilitySummaryAPG in HSC – April 200537
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesSkin Compatibility (I)Test Method:Arm Flex Wash TestTested Surfactants:1 Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (FAES)2 Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate : Decyl Glucoside (APG ) (3:1)APG : Glucopon 600 CSUPFAES: Texapon NSOTest Conditions:Mode of Application: open, two times per day, for 30 secondsThe concentration of the test solution was 1% active substance.APG in HSC – April 200538
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesSkin Compatibility (I)Erythema10080Sensorial evaluation601204020012Rel. Irritation ScoreRel. Irritation Score1201008060402001APG in HSC – April 2005392
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesSkin Compatibility (II)Test Method:Modified Duhring - Chamber TestTested Surfactants: Alkyl Poly Glucoside - APG Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate - LAS Fatty Alcohol Ether Sulfate - FAES Sodium Alkene Sulfate - SAS Fatty Alcohol Sulfate – FAS Mixtures of other surfactants with APG Test Conditions:20 subjects (male and female).Mode of Application: once, occlusive, for 24 hoursThe concentration of the test solution was 1% active substance.APG in HSC – April 200540
Alkyl PolyglucosidesProduct PropertiesSkin Compatibility (II)APG C12/14LASFAESSASFAS C12/14LAS / APG (1:1)FAES / APG (1:1)SAS / APG (1:1)FAS / APG (1:1)0100200300Relative irritation score %APG in HSC – April 200541400
Alkyl PolyglucosidesContentChemical StructureProduct Overview of Cognis APG Product Properties Soil Removal Emulsifier Potential Plastic Compatibility Filming Properties Foaming Properties Anti-Streaking Skin CompatibilitySummaryAPG in HSC – April 200542
Alkyl PolyglucosidesSummary Excellent cleaning performance. Perfect plastic compatibility by showing no stress-cracking behavior. Foaming properties of Glucopon are significantly better than these of FAEO – notonly when being applied on a surface, but also afterwards. Tests show the excellent filming behavior of Glucopon -types in contrast to othernonionic surfactants by equally covering the surface / spreading over the surface. Significant anti-streaking properties of Glucopon is proven by wiping the surfaceafter application of the test solution. No streaks on the treated surface. Glucopon surfactants are significantly less skin irritating than comparable nonionicsurfactants. Moreover Glucopon has the property to even reduce the skin irritationfactor of other surfactants when being used in combination. Perfect mildness toskin.APG in HSC – April 200543
APG in HSC – April 200544
Alkyl Poly Glucoside (APG ) 3,1 - - - - Sodium Alkane Sulfate (SAS) - 3,3 - - - Texapon N 70 Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) - - 2,8 - - Dye q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. q.s. Total Active Matter [%] 2 2 2 2 2 Fatty Alcohol Ethoxylate (FAEO) with 8 EO - - - 2,0-Glucopon 650 EC Alkyl Poly Glucoside
the APG Asbestos TDP, each Claimant will be required to disclose to each trust in connection with the filing of a claim all asbestos and silica claims against any APG Entity, the APG Asbestos Trust, or the APG Silica Trust. If requested to do
Alkyl halides A compound with a halogen atom bonded to one of the sp3 hybrid carbon atoms of an alkyl group C X - 1 Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Alkyl halides Alkyl: Halogen, X, is directly bonded to sp3 carbon 2 Nomenclature of Alkyl halides functional class nomenclature –The alkyl group and the halide ( fluoride, chloride,
7.2 Nomenclature 6 Common names are often used for simple alkyl halides. To assign a common name: Name all the carbon atoms of the molecule as a single alkyl group. Name the halogen bonded to the alkyl group. Combine the names of the alkyl group and halide, separating the words with a space. 7.2B Common Names
Nomenclature of Alkyl Halides Alkyl halides are compounds in which a hydrogen of an alkane has been replaced by a halogen. Alkyl halides are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary, depending on the carbon to which the halogen is attached. Primary alkyl halides have a halogen bonded to a primary carbon, secondary alkyl halides
18 Catalysts for sp3-hybridized Alkyl Halides Using Pd(Ph 3) 4 the cross-coupling of boronic acids with unactivated alkyl electrophiles (alkyl halide) is very hard to achieve. The alkyl halide doesn't easily oxidatively add to Pd(0). Pd(P(t-Bu) 2Me and the alkyl halide undergo oxidative addition in mild conditions (r.t.) and the resulting adduct is stable
Nomenclature Alkyl halides: There are two ways to name alkyl halides. 1. Name the alkyl group first, then as a separate word name the halide. CH3Fmethyl fluoride CH3CH2CH2CH2Brbutyl bromide 2. The systematic IUPAC name is to treat the halide as a substituent on
5.2 Nomenclature Alkyl halides are named in two ways (1) Common system: In this system the alkyl group attached to the halogen atom is named first. This is then followed by an appropriate word chloride, bromide, or fluoride. Notice that the common names of alkyl halides are TWO-WORD names. Br 3
SLT for Automotive Devices -A Thermal Perspective 6 System Level Test Paradigm System Level Testwith high parallelismand thermal management. TestConX 2020 Heating Up -Thermal Session 7 Presentation 4 TestConX Workshop www.testconx.org May 11-13, 2020 SLT for Automotive Devices -A Thermal Perspective 7 Our Approach to Address The Challenges 1. Modular, Massively Parallel 2. Scalable Active .
