- Notes - ROPE CRAFT 3

- Notes -Bow KnotBowThe Bow Knot is used for tying your shoe laces. Before starting the BowKnot, make sure the laces are pulled snug. To tie: with a shoe lace in eachhand, pass the left lace over and around the right lace, firmly pulling theends in opposite directions forming an overhand knot. With the left handlace make and hold a medium sized loop as shown. (Loop)LoopOverhand KnotNow pass the right hand lace over and around the neck of the loop asshown. (Swoop) With the right hand lace form a bight and pass under itselfforming a small loop. Grasp a loop in each hand. Pull firmly in oppositedirections forming two equal sized loops as shown. (Pull) To untie the BowKnot pull on the ends of the laces.PullSwoop54Bow Knot

T iller’s Knotiller’sThe Tiller’s Knot unties easily and is especially useful when there is tensionon the rope. To tie: make a bight with the end of one rope, pass the end ofthe other rope from below, up through the bight of the first rope and bringthe end of the second rope around the bight of the first rope. Cross it overthe standing part of the first rope and then form a bight under the secondrope as illustrated. Finish by drawing the knot tight.- Notes -Loop KnotsLoop knots create a loop in the rope that remains usable until untied.Bowline KnotBowlineThe Bowline is used for securing items or lifting. The Bowline Knot is oftencalled the “king of knots” because it never jams or slips if tied correctly. Totie: make an overhand loop with the end held towards you, pass the end upthrough the loop, then up behind the standing part, then down through theloop again. Draw tight.When tying a bowline,compare the standing partof the rope to yourspiritual life. As you tie theknot, tell how Jesus comesinto the door of your life,puts His arms around youand never lets go.55

- Notes -Double Bowline KnotThe Double Bowline makes agood sling for lifting andlowering people or objects.To tie: make an overhandloop with the end heldtowards you, exactly as in theordinary Bowline. Thedifference being that youpass the end through theloop twice – making twolower loops. The end is thenpassed behind the standingpart and down through thefirst loop again as in theordinary Bowline. Pull tight.For rescue use one loopunder the arms and use theother loop to form a seat.Running Bowline KnotBowlineThe Running Bowline, also knownas the Bowline on a Bight, createsan adjustable loop knot. Tie theregular Bowline around its ownstanding part to create theadjustable loop.56

Man Harness KnotThe Man Harness Knot is used forhauling. This knot should be tiedlarge enough to go around theobject. To tie: make a loop in therope and fold it forward andslightly to the right to get the loopshaped like the one in the firstimage. Then take up and underand over, as shown in the secondimage. To finish the knot, yankhard to the left.- Notes “If you continue in Myword, you really are mydisciples. You will knowthe truth, and the truthwill set you free.”(John 8:31-32)Taut-Line HitchThe Taut-Line Hitch is an adjustable loop knot. To tie: create a loop, thenbring the end over and under the standing part twice through the loopformed, take the end over the loop and the standing part of the rope, thenback under itself. Work the hitch until it is taut around the standing part.The hitch can be moved by pushing it up and down the standing part.57

- Notes -A Clove Hitch becomesmore secure the tighteryou pull on the rope.Christ has secured oursalvation and will never letus go.End Securing KnotsEnd securing knots, also known as Hitches, are generally used to secure theend of a rope to an object.Clove HitchClovThe Clove Hitch is a quick simple method of fastening a rope around a postor stake. It is used to begin lashing. It will slip when used at the end of arope. To tie: make a turn with the rope around a post and over itself, take asecond turn around the post, place the end under the second turn. Tightenby pulling both ends in opposite directions.Half HitchThe Half Hitch is generally used for fastening to an object for a right-anglepull. To tie: pass the end of the rope around the object and go around thestanding part and back underthe turn. This is the first step intying more complicated hitches.The illustration shows the HalfHitch tied with the end nippedunder the turn of the rope somedistance away from the standingpart – this method is fairlyreliable for temporary use – ifthe pull is steady and thearrangement is not disturbed.58Double Half HitchThe Double Half Hitch isused to make a rope fast to aring or post. It is simply twoHalf Hitches tied around thestanding part of the rope. It ismore reliable than the singleHalf Hitch. It will also adjustto loosen or tighten the rope.

Timber HitchThe Timber Hitch is a simpleconvenient hitch that doesnot jam and is untied easilywhen the pull ceases. It isused mainly to tow or hoistcylindrical objects, such aslogs. To tie: pass a ropearound the object and takea turn with the end aroundthe standing part, then twistor turn the end back around itself following the lay of the rope. Three turnsback are generally sufficient.- Notes -Cow HitchCowThe Cow Hitch is used for tethering, mooring, and hoisting. To tie: doublethe end of a rope to form an open loop, reach through the loop and graspthe end and standing part and pull them back through the loop. Place thedouble loop formed over a post and draw up tight.59

- Notes -Other KnotsSheepshankThe Sheepshank is intended to shorten a rope for temporary use only.Carefully tied and drawn up tight, it is fairly reliable under a steady pull. Totie: form an S loop as shown in the diagram, then with one free end of therope make a Half Hitch and slip it over one of the loops and tighten. Repeatprocedure with the other loop.Tie several slip knots in arope and wad it up. Tellhow our lives can get alltangled because of sinand we can never getuntangled from oursituation without Christ.Tell how Jesus can restoreour relationship with Himand straighten out ourlives as you pull the knotsout of the rope.60SlipknotThe Slipknot forms a easily removable loop. To tie: forman overhand loop, then insert a bight into the loop.Trucker’s Hitchruckerer’sUse this knot to cinch down a load on yourcar top, boat, horseback, etc. Thiscombination of knots allows a rope to bepulled extremely tight. To tie: tie off one endof the rope, lay rope over the load to be tieddown, tie a slip knot in the middle of therope and form a small loop, with free endmake a turn around a fitting and bring thefree end back up to the loop in the rope,feed through and pull the rope very tight.Secure the knot with a Tiller’s Hitch to allowyou to untie the knot easily.

SplicingSplices are used to mend a damaged rope or to fasten one rope to another.A good splice has up to 95 percent of the rope’s strength, while a knot’sefficiency varies from only 45 to 60 percent of the rope’s strength. The LongSplice allows a rope to run through a block or pulley, and should be madeonly with two ropes of the same size. The Long Splice is time consumingand uses up considerable rope. The Short Splice is the strongest way to jointwo ropes, can be made quickly, and involves little rope waste although thedisadvantage is that it cannot pass through a pulley. The Eye Splice is usedto create the strongest loop in the end of the rope. The End Splice can beused to replace whipping to keep the end from unraveling.Short SpliceSplicing TTipsips Whip or tape the end of the strands to prevent fraying during splicing. A splicing tool can aid in making splices. Twist the rope slightly against the lay of the rope to raise the strands openin order to tuck the strands being spliced into the rope. Tuck the working end of the strands away from the splicer. Roll the rope towards the splicer a third of a turn after each tuck. A good splice should have a neat uniform appearance. A minimum of three to four tucks is recommended per strand. When splicing any of the synthetic ropes, add at least one extra tuck perstrand. Roll and pound tucks into the rope and clip the strand ends to finish thesplice.- Notes “The Father and I areone.” (John 10:30)Jesus came to Earth asGod in man.“I pray for them. I am notpraying for the world butfor those You have givenMe, because they areYours. All My things areYours, and Yours are Mine,and I have been glorifiedin them. I am no longer inthe world, but they are inthe world, and I amcoming to You. HolyFather, protect them byYour name that You havegiven Me, so that theymay be one as We areone.” (John 17:9-11)We are spliced togetherwith the Father when webecome a Christian for weare spliced together byJesus Christ.Buddy Rope61

- Notes -Long SpliceThe Long Splice: A. Unlay (untwist) each rope end about 15 turns and placeropes together, alternating strands of each end. B. Using opposite pairs,unlay one strand (4) and fill its place with its “partner” strand (2). Repeatoperation exactly with another pair of strands (1) and (6) in oppositedirection. C. Trim the longer strand (4) and tie each pair of opposing strands(2) and (4) with an overhand knot, tucking each strand twice. The tuck goesover one strand, under the second, and out between the second and third.Strands (3) and (5) are simply tied with an overhand knot. Strands (1) and(6) are halved, and opposite strands are tied with an overhand knot beforetucking. D. Roll and pound tucks into the rope and clip the strand ends.ShorShortt SpliceThe Short Splice: A. Unlay each rope a few turns and alternate the strand. B.Tie the strands down to prevent further unlaying. C. Tuck one strand (1)over an opposing strand, and under the next strand. D. The tuck of strand(2) goes over the first strand (5), under the second, and out between thesecond and third. E. Repeat operation with the other two strands (1) and (3)from the same rope end. F. Remove tie and repeat operation on other ropeend. Make two more tucks for each strand. Roll tucks into the rope and clipthe strand ends.62

End SpliceThe End Splice: A. Unlay the ends of the rope at least 5 lays. B. Fold strand(2) down between strands (1) and (3), leaving a small loop. C. Take strand(1) over strand (2) and down beyond strand (3). D. Take strand (3) overstrand (1) and through the loop of strand (2). E. Pull evenly on each of thestrands to form a triangular crown with the strands turned back down therope. F. Strand (1) is tucked over (a) and under (b) and out between (b) and(c) Strand (2) is tucked over (b) and under (c) and out between (c) and (a)Strand (3) is tucked over (c) and under (a) and out between (a) and (b)Make two more tucks for each strand. Roll tucks into the rope and clip thestrand ends.2- Notes -31BADCEF63

- Notes -Eye SpliceThe Eye Splice: The size of the eye will be determined by where the splice isstarted into the standing part. A. Unlay the end of the rope at least 5 lays. B.Strand (2) is tucked over strand (c), under (b) and out between (a) and (b).C. Strand (1) is tucked once over (b) and under (a) and out between (a) and(c). D. Strand (3) is tucked once over (a) and under (c) and out between (c)and (b). E. Make two more tucks for each strand. Roll tucks into the ropeand clip the strand ends.Lashing“I am the vine; you are thebranches. The one whoremains in Me and I in himproduces much fruit,because you can donothing without Me.”(John 15:5)When we receive JesusChrist as our Lord andSavior we become lashedtogether and now are ableto do more than we couldwhen we were alone.64Lashing is a way of joining sticks or poles together with rope or twine. Simpleoutdoor equipment can be quickly constructed to make outdoor livingeasier. Items needed for lashing include sturdy twine, knife or saw, sticks orpoles.Square LLashingashingSquareSquare Lashing is used tojoin two sticks together atright angles. You canmake coat hangers, towelracks and other items.Begin by making a clovehitch on the vertical orupright stick with a longpiece of twine. Be sure toleave several inches onthe free end to complete the lashing.Pull the twine forward and overthe front of the horizontal stick.Then pull the twine behind thevertical stick and around to thefront. Next, pull the twine up infront of the horizontal stick.

- Notes Continue by pulling the twinearound the upright and backto the starting point.Repeat the same pattern threeor four times, pulling tightly aseach wrap is made.When the sticks are tightlywrapped, tighten the binding byfrapping (winding the twinebetween the two sticks three orfour times, pulling each windtight).End with a square knot at thebeginning point. Cut off ends andtuck them under the lashing.Diagonal LashingDiagonal Lashing is used to make racksand braces. Begin with a clove hitcharound two or three sticks at the pointwhere they cross. Make three or fourhorizontal winds.Then make the same number ofvertical winds, pulling each turntight.65

- Notes Frap between the sticks as in squarelashing, winding three to four turns.Pull windings tight and finish with asquare knot.Round or Sheer LashingRound or Sheer Lashing is usedto join two parallel sticks. It isused to make pot hooks and toattach sticks to trees. Begin witha clove hitch on one stick.Place the other stick parallel andmake parallel winds until the sticksare bound firmly.Frap by pulling twine to the front andbetween the sticks.66

- Notes Make three or four windspulling each wind tight andfinish with a square knot.Tripod LLashingashingTripod Lashing is a type of Round or Sheer lashing where three poles areused and the windings are not made very tight. Begin with the center polepointed the opposite direction of the other poles. Make several windingsaround the three poles. Frap between each pole, pulling tight. End with asquare knot.“I give thanks to ChristJesus our Lord, who hasstrengthened me, becauseHe considered me faithful,appointing me to theministry.” (1 Timothy 1:12)Every believer is called tobe involved in God’smission and ministry. Prayabout where God wouldlike you to be involved.Continuous LLashingashingContinuous Lashing isused to make a table topor seats.First, make a frame using squarelashing. Cut and trim sticks to beused as cross pieces.Start with a piece of twine longenough to completely lash eachside. Tie a clove hitch around theframe in the middle of the twinewith the knot underneath.67

- Notes Take an end of twine in eachhand and pull it up and over thefirst cross piece then pull it downunder the frame.Cross the twine under the framemaking an X, pulling the twine tight.Bring twine up and over the nextcross piece. Continue the patterncrossing the twine under theframe each time.Pull the twine tight and finishwith a square knot. Repeat onother side.68

Knot Board- Notes -Learn to tie the four basic camping knots as illustrated as well as others youmight add. Practice them until you can tie them well. Display them on a knotboard made from a square of peg board (or plywood), white nylon cord, andfine wire. The knot board makes an attractive display for the chapter room oryour own room at home.69

- Notes “I am able to do all thingsthrough Him whostrengthens me.”(Philippians 4:13)Rope MachineMaking your own rope with a rope machine is a fun group project that requires atleast three people. Materials needed are ½ inch lumber, metal coat hangers, andscrews or nails. Refer to the illustrations for dimensions and assembly.The type of rope that is constructed by the rope machine is a three strand laid rope.This type of rope is made by twisting the strands of fiber in one direction (clockwise)and then laying the strands together in the opposite direction (counterclockwise). Anyof the following materials may be used to make rope: binders twine, baler twine,plastic twine, jute twine, sisal twine, yarn, or string.L aying EndTwistingwistingEndThe primary parts of a rope machine are the twisting end (3 hooks), the one thattwists the three strands, and the laying end (1 hook), the one that is used to lay thetwisted strands together.Anchor one of the end assemblies to atable with a “C” clamp or other methodand have someone hold the other end. Tiethe end of the twine to the laying endhook. Next hook the twine over one of thehooks on the twisting end, and then backto the laying end. Continue back and forthuntil each of the three hooks on the twisting end has two lengths of twine. Try tokeep the tension equal on each length of twine.While keeping the laying end from turning,turn the handle on the twisting end so that thecranks are turning clockwise as you arelooking at the handle. Twist the strands untilthey become firm and resist further twisting.Strands that are not twisted tight enough willcause the rope to be loose. Strands that aretwisted too tight will kink. Experience will teachyou when the strands are twisted just right.70To complete or “lay” the rope, use the rope wrench to assist in laying the strandsuniformly. The actual laying of rope is done by turning the laying end crank in acounterclockwise direction while moving the rope wrench toward the twisting end.While twistingand laying thestrands a modestamount oftension must bekeep on therope.

good condition is to “whip” the ends to keep them from unraveling. To whip the rope, use a fine cord or thread. Place the end of the cord at the end of the rope and lay a loop along the rope. Then wind the cord tightly around the loop and rope, thus binding them together. Wind to a distance roughly equal to the thickness of the rope. Finish .