Evaluation, Measurement & Verification Report For Truckee .

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Evaluation, Measurement & VerificationReport for Truckee Donner Public UtilityDistrict 2010 Energy Efficiency ProgramsFINAL REPORTPrepared forTruckee Donner Public Utility DistrictTruckee, CaliforniaPrepared byPrincipal Investigators: Robert Mowris, Ean JonesVerified, IncorporatedTruckee, CaliforniaMarch 15, 2011Funded with Public Benefits Funds

EM&V Report for TDPUD 2010 Energy Efficiency ProgramsTABLE OF CONTENTSAcknowledgements. ii1. Executive Summary .12. Required EM&V Objectives and Components.102.1 Baseline Information.112.2 Energy Efficiency Measure Information .112.3 Measurement and Verification Approach.242.4 Cost Effectiveness Approach.262.5 Measure Verification Approach.272.6 Sampling Design Approach .282.7 Process Evaluation Approach .303. EM&V Findings.373.1 Load Impact Results .373.2 Verification Inspection Findings.623.3 Participant Survey Results .633.2 Process Evaluation Results .64Appendix A: Participant and Non Participant Decision-Maker Survey .73VERIFIED, Inc.file: TDPUD EMV Final Report 2010.doci

EM&V Report for TDPUD 2010 Energy Efficiency ProgramsAcknowledgementsThis M&V study was funded by public benefits under the auspices of the Truckee Donner PublicUtilities District, Northern California Power Agency, and the California Energy Commission.Field research at customer sites, electric power metering, utility billing data analyses, andcustomer participant surveys were made possible with the cooperation of the followingindividuals: Steven Poncelet, Scott Terrell, and Julie Nelson. Robert Mowris, B.S., M.S., P.E.,managed the study. Robert Mowris designed the EM&V plans, electric power meteringequipment, survey instruments, engineering analysis software, and database. Robert Mowris, EanJones, B.S., and Ryan Schau, B.S., performed the field inspections. Robert Mowris performedthe engineering analyses, statistical analyses, and wrote the reports. Steven Poncelet and ScottTerrell are the TDPUD study managers.VERIFIED, Inc.file: TDPUD EMV Final Report 2010.docii

EM&V Report for TDPUD 2010 Energy Efficiency Programs1. Executive SummaryThis report provides the Evaluation, Measurement, and Verification (EM&V) findings for theTruckee Donner Public Utility District (TDPUD) energy efficiency programs. This study wasconducted by Verified, Incorporated, with public benefits funds under the auspices of theNorthern California Power Agency (NCPA) and the California Energy Commission. The study isavailable for download at www.calmac.org. TDPUD implemented 26 energy efficiencyprograms in 2010 as shown in Table 1.1. The programs provided educational information,incentives, and free energy efficiency measures to residential and commercial customers. Theprogram ex ante goal was to install 59,716 energy efficiency measures and TDPUDaccomplished 71,947 installed measures and this is 20.5% greater than the ex ante goal.Table 1.1 Ex Ante Goals and Ex Post AccomplishmentsDescriptionTotal Installed Measures1. Residential CFLs2. Clothes Washers3. Dishwashers4. Refrigerator/Freezers5. Refrigerator Recycling6. Building Envelope Testing7. Duct System Testing8. Building Envelope Mitigation9. Duct System Mitigation10. Window Thermal Efficiency11. Commercial Projects12. Ground Source Heat Pumps13. EE Electric Water Heating/Solar14. Low-Mod. Income Assist/ESP15. Green Schools Program/Kits16. Residential Energy Survey (RES)17. Business Green Partners18. Keep Your Cool19. Business LED Pilot20. LED Business Accent Lighting21. LED Exit Sign Direct Install22. Residential Green Partners23. Neighborhood Block Party24. Million CFLs25. LED Light Swap26. Misc. Water EfficiencyEx Ante 00200501,0007002005,00010040,0007507,950Ex Post 00481,46936229185563,671053,30412,5877,38421The electricity savings for 23,498 CFLs purchased through the Million CFLs program are credited to the GreenSchools program which installed 21,600 CFLs, Low/Medium Income Assistance Energy Saving Partners programwhich installed 1,513 CFLs and Residential Green Partners which installed 385 CFLs.24797 showerheads and aerators purchased by the Miscellaneous Water Efficiency program and installed in theGreen Schools program (4,131), Low/Medium Income Assistance Energy Saving Partners program (506), andResidential Green Partners (160).VERIFIED, Inc.file: TDPUD EMV Final Report 2010.doc1

EM&V Report for TDPUD 2010 Energy Efficiency ProgramsTDPUD achieved 4.3% greater lifecycle electricity savings with ex post savings of 37,081,572kWh versus ex ante goal of 35,546,221 kWh. TDPUD exceeded the ex ante E3 Calculator TotalResource Cost (TRC) test goal by 17% with an ex post TRC of 5.14 and the ex ante TRC of 4.4as shown in Table 1.2.3 The ex post TRC is greater than the ex ante TRC due to 20.5% moremeasures and lower measure costs due to purchasing measures in bulk and innovative programs.Ex post accomplishments were verified by checking the tracking database, randomly inspecting1,131 measures at 40 participant sites, and conducting surveys of participants, non-participants,and non-contacts. The EM&V ex post savings are based on site inspections, engineeringanalysis, and previous evaluation studies of TDPUD programs including light logger data from2,640 fixtures at 29 sites and pre and post-retrofit utility billing data from 65 sites.Table 1.2 Ex Ante Goals and Ex Post E3 Cost EffectivenessDescriptionEx Ante GoalEx Post AccomplishmentNet Annual Electricity Savings (kWh/yr)Net Demand Savings (kW)Net Lifecycle Electricity Savings (kWh)Net Annual Therm Savings (therm/yr)Net Lifecycle Therm Savings (therm)Net Annual Water Savings (gallon/yr)4Net Lifecycle Water Savings (gallon)Total Resource Cost (TRC) Test – E3TRC Test CostsTRC Test BenefitsTRC Test Net BenefitsParticipant TestParticipant Test CostsParticipant Test BenefitsParticipant Test Net 7,465141,624,6304.4 798,785 3,504,944 2,706,1590.9 536,362 459,985( ,224130,285,5845.14 732,691 3,769,485 3,036,7941.0 462,250 464,281 2,031The ex ante first-year savings are summarized in Table 1.3. The first-year net ex ante programsavings are 3,665,087 kWh per year, 1,123 kW per year, 38,815 therms per year, and 12,728,736gallons of water per year.Table 1.3 Ex Ante First-Year Electricity, Natural Gas, and Water SavingsEnergy Efficiency Measure1. Residential CFLs2. Energy Star Clothes Washers3. Energy Star Dishwashers4. Energy Star t Net ExAnteProgramSavings(kW)2.41211.211.2Net ExAnteProgramSavings(therm)Net ExAnteProgramSavings(galyr)3Energy and Environmental Economics (E3), Inc. 2010. EE Reporting Tool 2010 (E3 Calculator). Prepared for theNorthern California Power Agency (NCPA) and Southern California Public Power Authority (SCPPA), 353Sacramento Street, Suite 1700, San Francisco, CA 94111.4The study accounts for water savings through the embedded energy of the water valued at 0.008157374kWh/gallon saved, and these savings are entered into the E3 calculator for water conservation measures.VERIFIED, Inc.file: TDPUD EMV Final Report 2010.doc2

EM&V Report for TDPUD 2010 Energy Efficiency ProgramsTable 1.3 Ex Ante First-Year Electricity, Natural Gas, and Water SavingsEnergy Efficiency Measure5. Refrigerator Recycling6. Building Envelope Testing7. Duct System Testing8. Building Envelope Mitigation9. Duct System Mitigation10. Window Thermal Efficiency11. Commercial Lighting Projects12. Ground Source Heat Pumps13. EE Electric Water Heat/Solar14. Low-Mod Income Assist/ESP15. Green Schools Program/Kits16. Residential Energy Survey17. Business Green Partners18. Keep Your Cool19. Business LED Pilot20. LED Business Accent Lights21. LED Exit Sign Direct Install22. Residential Green Partners23. Neighborhood Block Party24. Million CFLs25. LED Light Swap26. Misc. Water 0.910.8Net et 1.32.9487.74.8176.81.6563.27.317.91,123Net ExAnteProgramSavings(therm)Net 134,28738,81512,355,70212,728,73677,263The EM&V ex post first-year savings are summarized in Table 1.4. The EM&V study foundfirst-year net ex post program savings of 4,007,032 155,497 kWh per year, 1,155 92 kW peryear, 37,891 3,196 therms per year, and 13,041,224 1,148,351 gallons (1,743,358 153,512CCF) of water per year at the 90 percent confidence level. The net first-year realization rates are1.09 0.04 for kWh, 1.03 0.08 for kW, 0.98 0.08 for therms, and 1.02 0.09 for water.Table 1.4 Ex Post First-Year Electricity, Natural Gas, and Water SavingsEnergy Efficiency Measure1. Residential CFLs2. Clothes Washers3. Dishwashers4. Refrigerator/Freezers5. Refrigerator Recycling6. Building Envelope Testing7. Duct System Testing8. Building Envelope Mitigation9. Duct System Mitigation10. Window Thermal Efficiency11. Commercial Light Projects12. Ground Source Heat Pumps13. EE Electric Wtr Heat/Solar14. Low-Mod Income Asst/ESP15. Green Schools Program/Kits16. Residential Energy Survey17. Business Green 8.0836.2714.4811.756.5VERIFIED, Inc.file: TDPUD EMV Final Report .900.900.900.800.960.900.800.800.800.640.96Net 4,93479,679Net et ExPostProgramSavings(therm)1,280227Net 31,263570274,714071,7623

EM&V Report for TDPUD 2010 Energy Efficiency ProgramsTable 1.4 Ex Post First-Year Electricity, Natural Gas, and Water SavingsEnergy Efficiency Measure18. Keep Your Cool19. Business LED Pilot20. LED Business Accent Lights21. LED Exit Sign Direct Install22. Residential Green Partners23. Neighborhood Block Party24. Million CFLs25. LED Light Swap26. Misc. Water EfficiencyTotal90% Confidence IntervalRealization 0.800.910.80Net 143,86601,418,76656,330333,6464,007,032155,4971.09 0.04Net 0321.9052.1647.041,155921.03 0.08Net ExPostProgramSavings(therm)Net ExPostProgramSavings(gal)31,84637,8913,1960.98 0.0811,476,03813,041,2241,148,3511.02 0.09The lifecycle electricity and water savings are summarized in Table 1.5. The net ex-antelifecycle program savings are 35,546,221 kWh, 384,586 therms, and 126,914,325 gallons ofwater. The net ex-post lifecycle program savings are 37,081,572 1,349,301 kWh, 378,936 31,958 therms, and 130,285,584 11,482,865 gallons of water (17,416,649 1,535,036 CCF).The net lifecycle realization rates are 1.04 0.04 for kWh, 0.99 0.08 for therms, and 1.02 0.09 for water.Table 1.5 Lifecycle Electricity, Natural Gas, and Water SavingsEnergy Efficiency Measure1. Residential CFLs2. Clothes Washers3. Dishwashers4. Refrigerator/Freezers5. Refrigerator Recycling6. Building Envelope Testing7. Duct System Testing8. Building Envelope Mitigation9. Duct System Mitigation10. Window Thermal Efficiency11. Commercial Projects12. Ground Source Heat Pumps13. EE Electric Water Heat/Solar14. Low-Mod Income Assist/ESP15. Green Schools Program/Kits16. Residential Energy Survey17. Business Green Partners18. Keep Your Cool19. Business LED Pilot20. LED Business Accent Lighting21. LED Exit Sign Direct Install22. Residential Green Partners23. Neighborhood Block Party24. Million CFLs25. LED Light Swap26. Misc. Water EfficiencyEx AnteEffectiveUsefulLife RIFIED, Inc.file: TDPUD EMV Final Report 2010.docNet 30,037Net ExAnteLifecycleProgramSavings(therm)Net EUL9101318655181825111515999381616169991610Net et ExPostLifecycleProgramSavings(therm)12,8022,946Net 62114,760,3844

EM&V Report for TDPUD 2010 Energy Efficiency ProgramsTable 1.5 Lifecycle Electricity, Natural Gas, and Water SavingsEnergy Efficiency MeasureEx AnteEffectiveUsefulLife (EUL)Total90% Confidence IntervalRealization RateNet ExAnteLifecycleProgramSavings(kWh)35,546,221Net ExAnteLifecycleProgramSavings(therm)384,586Net tEULNet 011.04 0.04Net .99 0.08Net 2,8651.02 0.09The required energy impact reporting for 2010 programs is provided in Table 1.6.Table 1.6 Required Energy and Water Impact Reporting for 2010 ProgramProgram ID:Program 32024202520262027202820292030TDPUD Conservation ProgramsAllEx-AnteGrossEx-anteProgramGrossEx-Post dProgramProgramProgramMWMWhMWhSavingsSavings (1)Savings ssProgramProjectedProgramThermSavings 05,119Ex-Post NetEvaluationConfirmedProgramThermSavings nteGrossProgramProjectedProgramWater CCFSavings 00021,207,472Ex-Post NetEvaluationConfirmedProgramWater CCFSavings 7959,795000000017,416,649** Peak MW savings are defined in this evaluation as the weekday peak period Monday through Friday from 2PM to 6PM during the months ofMay through September.1. Gross Program-Projected savings are those savings projected by the program before NTG adjustments.2. Net Evaluation Confirmed savings are those documented via the evaluation and include the evaluation contractor's NTG adjustments.The TDPUD energy efficiency program portfolio ranked by ex post TRC is shown in Table 1.7.VERIFIED, Inc.file: TDPUD EMV Final Report 2010.doc5

EM&V Report for TDPUD 2010 Energy Efficiency ProgramsTable 1.7 TDPUD Energy Efficiency Program Portfolio Ranked by Ex Post TRCTOTAL EE PORTFOLIO26. Misc. Water Efficiency15. Green Schools Kits24. Million CFLs5. Refrigerator Recycling1. Residential CFLs12. Ground Source HP20. LED Bus. Accent Lights11. Commercial Projects22. Res. Green Partners18. Keep Your Cool25. LED Light Swap6-9. Bldg. Env./Duct Repair19. Business LED Pilot17. Bus. Green Partners4. Refrigerator/Freezers13. EE Elec. Wtr Heat/Solar21. LED Exit Sign Install14. Low-Mod Income ESP16. Res. Energy Survey2. Clothes Washers3. Dishwashers10. Window Thermal Eff.23. Neighbor Block 614814188132229105056212014660UtilityCost( 0TotalResource( 71.61.51.41.41.41.31.31.21.10.60.00.0The TDPUD energy efficiency portfolio utility cost is 0.02/kWh and the net lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions are 19,880 tons. TDPUD programs realized a 5.14 TRC which is17% greater than anticipated due to installing 20.5% more measures through innovativecommunity-based programs. The top ten programs have an average TRC of 8.5. TheMiscellaneous Water Efficiency program realized a TRC of 16.4 and 64% greater savings due toelectricity savings from water pumping and therm savings from units installed at sites with gaswater heaters. The Green Schools program realized a TRC of 16.3 and 26% greater savings thananticipated by distributing conservation kits in reusable canvas bags to all K-8 studentsthroughout the TDPUD service area (6 schools). The conservation kits were prepared by theSierra Watershed Education Partnership and distributed at school assemblies by the TruckeeHigh School Bright Schools/Envirolution club. The Million CFLs program realized a TRC of12.6 and 30% greater savings by purchasing CFLs in bulk at low cost and distributing andinstalling CFLs through multiple programs. The Refrigerator Recycling program realized a TRCof 10.4 and 62.5% greater savings than anticipated due to recycling one more unit and 56%greater unit savings based on measured data from 50 recycled units (in the 2005 EM&V study).Residential CFLs realized a TRC of 9.5 and 24.9% greater savings than anticipated due togreater unit savings. Ground Source Heat Pumps have a projected TRC of 5.4 based on greatersavings but the unit is awaiting installation by the Towne of Truckee. LED Business AccentLighting realized a TRC of 4.8 and 24.9% greater savings than anticipated due to greater unitsavings. Commercial Lighting Projects realized a TRC of 4.0 and 75% greater savings thananticipated due to 40% more projects and 25% greater savings per site. Residential GreenPartners realized a TRC of 2.9 and 43.6% less savings than anticipated due 26.4% fewer unitsVERIFIED, Inc.file: TDPUD EMV Final Report 2010.doc6

EM&V Report for TDPUD 2010 Energy Efficiency Programsinstalled. Keep Your Cool realized a TRC of 2.4 and 261% greater savings than anticipated dueto greater unit savings and direct installation by the Efficiency Services Group, an experiencedenergy services company. The LED Holiday Light Swap program realized a TRC of 1.7 and750% greater savings than anticipated due to installing 244.9% more lights (quantity of 2,587 expost versus 750 ex ante) and 3.2 times longer EUL (16 years ex post versus 5 years ex ante).Low-Moderate Income Assistance/Energy Saving Partners realized a TRC of 1.3 due to greaterunit savings and providing a customized audit for each customer site with free measures for eachsite based on the audit. TDPUD offered a wide range of innovative and successful programs forresidential and commercial lighting, water heaters, and Energy Star clotheswashers, andrefrigerators that generally met or exceeded the ex ante savings goals. As noted above, TDPUDalso purchased large quantities of measures at wholesale prices and gave these measures awayfree to capture significant savings while promoting their other programs. Two programs did notrealize any participation: Thermally-efficient Windows and Energy Efficient Neighborhoods.TDPUD partnered with several organizations in Truckee to implement projects including: SierraWatershed Education Partnership, Truckee High School Bright Schools/Envirolution club, SierraBusiness Council, Sierra Green Building Association, Truckee Climate Action Network, Townof Truckee, Truckee Home & Building Show, Tahoe-Truckee USD, Nevada County, TruckeeRiver Watershed Council, Truckee Chamber and the Truckee Downtown Merchant’sAssociation.Participant and non-participant process surveys were used to obtain general feedback andsuggestions. Survey results indicate 93.6 percent of participants are satisfied with the programbased on 922 survey responses to 35 questions from 40 randomly selected participants. Mostparticipants expressed appreciation for free measures and incentives. Process survey responsesindicated significant demand for the program with an overall rating of 9.65 0.25 out of 10points. Participants indicated that they would like to see improved programs to better serveTDPUD customers. Non-participant survey results indicate 70 percent would have participated ifthey had known about the program with 15% declining due to already having compactfluorescent lamps installed, and 15% being too busy or not understanding energy efficiencyprogram benefits. Most customers indicated better advertising, education (i.e., information aboutsavings), and more variety of measures would have helped. Process survey results, on-siteverification inspections, and field measurements were used to guide the overall processevaluation in terms of investigating operational characteristics of the program and developingspecific recommendations to help make the program more cost effective, efficient, andoperationally effective. The most important process recommendations are as follows. Implement an internet-tracking system to include the following information for eachmeasure: name, address, phone number, e-mail address, account number, incentives paid,measure description (from pull-down list or entered), make, model number, USDOE FTCenergy label rating (kWh/yr), CEE rating (Consortium for Energy Efficiency,www.cee1.orgm Tier 1, 2 or 3), efficiency rating (AFUE, MEF, WF, EF, etc.), date installed,pre-existing measure. The internet- tracking system can be used to motivate customers tolearn more about energy efficiency and renewable energy, document and verify all installedmeasures, educate customers about present and future energy efficiency and renewableenergy programs, and obtain feedback from customers regarding current and future programofferings.VERIFIED, Inc.file: TDPUD EMV Final Report 2010.doc7

EM&V Report for TDPUD 2010 Energy Efficiency Programs Offer incentives based on CEE Tier levels (Tier 2 for dishwashers and Tier 2 and 3 forclotheswashers and refrigerators). Identify products based on CEE Tiers levels through thewww.tdpud.org website and work cooperatively with retailers to advertise CEE Tier ratingsthat exceed Energy Star . Improve the residential energy surveys and energy saving partner surveys by having thesurveyor install measures and provide more energy efficient lamps such as dimmable CFLs,candelabra, reflectors, and 3-way bulbs 13/23/40W CFL to replace 50/100/150Wincandescent. Work with Southwest Gas to develop jointly funded programs and incentives for measuresthat save gas, electricity, and water such as CEE Tier 2 dishwashers, CEE Tier 2 and 3clotheswashers, Energy Star duct sealing, building envelope repair, WaterSense showerheads and aerators, Energy Star furnaces, Energy Star water heaters, Energy Star solar water heaters, and solar sun spaces or passive solar heating. Develop and implement an internet verification system to ensure that measures are properlyinstalled to increase savings, cost effectiveness, and reduce lost opportunities. Educate customers about comparable CFL and LED replacements in terms of lumens. Offermore types of CFLs including low mercury ( 1 mg/lamp), cold-cathode (i.e., instant on and25,000 hour life), warm-white 2700K and full-spectrum 5100K color temperatures, reflectorCFLs (R30, R40, PAR30, PAR38), 3-way 13/23/40W, and fully-dimmable CFLs, andcandelabra, to increase savings, acceptance and persistence of CFL savings. Purchase large quantities of US EPA Water Sense 1.5 gpm showerheads, low-flow 0.5 to1.5 gpm aerators, and low-flow pre-rinse spray valves to save water. Low-flow showerheadsand aerators save the equivalent of one CFL in pumping electricity annually and pre-rinsespray valves save the equivalent of 10 CFLs not including water heating energy savings. Consider incentives for US EPA Water Sense (class V) 1.28 gallon per flush toilets. Offer incentives for efficient motor systems such as electronic commutated (EC) motors orbrushless permanent magnet (BPM) motors and efficient fans and motor systems. Implement quarterly neighborhood energy efficiency BBQ block party offering CFLs,WaterSense showerheads, aerators, toilets, and comprehensive measures at neighborhoodleadership homes such as duct sealing, building envelope repair, insulation, Energy Star window upgrades, EC motor furnace fans, and Energy Star programmable thermostats. Implement the California Energy Upgrade program (https://energyupgradeca.org/overview)in TDPUS which includes a 2,000 incentive for saving 20% with 6 prescriptive measuresand up to 5000 for saving 50% with custom measures. The 20% prescriptive measuresinclude: 1) building envelope repair to 0.35 ACH, 2) duct sealing to 10%, 3) attic insulationto R60 (with radiant barrier), 4) WaterSense showerheads/aerators, 5) water heater wrap, 5)pipe insulation, and 6) CO/smoke alarm. Rename the duct mitigation program to the Energy Star ducts (15% reduction with Tier 2of 10% similar to California Energy Upgrade) and rename the window thermal efficiencyprogram to the Energy Star windows program.VERIFIED, Inc.file: TDPUD EMV Final Report 2010.doc8

EM&V Report for TDPUD 2010 Energy Efficiency Programs Offer incentives for passive solar heating and sun spaces with thermal mass, super insulation(attic, wall, floor, and radiant barriers) with the TDPUD building envelope repair and ductsealing programs. Consider at least one pilot demonstration sun space project in 2011 at theSenior Center where billing data for one unit with a temporary plastic sun space enclosurereduced the heating bill by 50%. Consider offering incentives for conservation gardens and landscaping to save water usingthe Patricia S. Sutton TDPUD Conservation Garden as an example. Provide better advertising to increase participation including bill inserts, internet information,handouts or fliers that tell customers about the program, funding source, and free services. Offer incentives for occupancy sensors for commercial lighting and plug loads and offerrebates for Energy Star LED high-definition television (HDTV) sets. Based on findings from this and other studies, most residential and commercial customers donot have sufficient capital or motivation to invest in improving the energy effici

Resource Cost (TRC) test goal by 17% with an ex post TRC of 5.14 and the ex ante TRC of 4.4 as shown in Table 1.2 . 3 The ex post TRC is greater than the ex ante TRC due to 20.5% more measures and lower measure costs du

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