2005 Model Commercial Driver License Manual
2005 Model Commercial Driver License ManualTABLE OF CONTENTSINTRODUCTION . 1 - 11.1 – Commercial Driver License Tests .1 - 21.2 – Driver Disqualifications .1 - 21.3 – Other CDL Rules .1 - 3DRIVING SAFELY . 2 - 12.1 – Vehicle Inspection .2 - 12.2 – Basic Control of Your Vehicle .2 - 72.3 – Shifting Gears .2 - 82.4 – Seeing .2 - 92.5 – Communicating .2 - 102.6 – Controlling Speed .2 - 122.7 – Managing Space .2 - 142.8 – Seeing Hazards .2 - 172.9 – Distracted Driving .2 - 192.10 – Aggressive Drivers/Road Rage .2 - 202.11 – Driving at Night .2 - 212.12 – Driving in Fog .2 - 222.13 – Driving in Winter .2 - 232.14 – Driving in Very Hot Weather .2 - 242.15 – Railroad-highway Crossings .2 - 252.16 – Mountain Driving .2 - 272.17 – Driving Emergencies .2 - 282.18 – Antilock Braking Systems (ABS) .2 - 302.19 – Skid Control and Recovery .2 - 312.20 – Accident Procedures .2 - 322.21 – Fires .2 - 332.22 – Alcohol, Other Drugs and Driving .2 - 342.23 – Staying Alert and Fit to Drive .2 - 362.24 – Hazardous Materials Rules For All Commercial Drivers .2 - 37TRANSPORTING CARGO SAFELY . 3 - 13.1 – Inspecting Cargo .3 - 13.2 – Weight and Balance .3 - 13.3 – Securing Cargo .3 - 23.4 – Cargo Needing Special Attention .3 - 3TRANSPORTING PASSENGERS SAFELY . 4 - 14.1 – Vehicle Inspection .4 - 14.2 – Loading and Trip Start .4 - 14.3 – On the Road .4 - 24.4 – After-trip Vehicle Inspection .4 - 34.5 – Prohibited Practices .4 - 34.6 – Use of Brake-door Interlocks .4 - 3AIR BRAKES . 5 - 15.1 – The Parts of an Air Brake System .5 - 15.2 – Dual Air Brake .5 - 55.3 – Inspecting Air Brake Systems .5 - 55.4 – Using Air Brakes .5 - 7COMBINATION VEHICLES . 6 - 16.1 – Driving Combination Vehicles Safely .6 - 16.2 – Combination Vehicle Air Brakes .6 - 46.3 – Antilock Brake Systems .6 - 66.4 – Coupling and Uncoupling .6 - 76.5 – Inspecting a Combination Vehicle .6 - 9
2005 Model Commercial Driver License ManualDOUBLES AND TRIPLES . 7 - 17.1 – Pulling Double/Triple Trailers . 7 - 17.2 – Coupling and Uncoupling . 7 - 17.3 – Inspecting Doubles and Triples . 7 - 37.4 – Doubles/Triples Air Brake Check . 7 - 3TANK VEHICLES . 8 - 18.1 – Inspecting Tank Vehicles . 8 - 18.2 – Driving Tank Vehicles . 8 - 18.3 – Safe Driving Rules . 8 - 2HAZARDOUS MATERIALS . 9 - 19.1– The Intent of the Regulations . 9 - 19.2 – Hazardous Materials Transportation—Who Does What . 9 - 29.3 – Communication Rules . 9 - 29.4 – Loading and Unloading . 9 - 99.5 – Bulk Packaging Marking, Loading and Unloading . 9 - 119.6 – Hazardous Materials—Driving and Parking Rules . 9 - 129.7 – Hazardous Materials - Emergencies . 9 - 139.8 – Hazardous Materials Glossary . 9 - 17SCHOOL BUSES . 10 - 110.1 – Danger Zones and Use of Mirrors . 10 - 110.2 – Loading and Unloading . 10 - 310.3 – Emergency Exit and Evacuation . 10 - 510.4 – Railroad-highway Crossings . 10 - 610.5 – Student Management . 10 - 810.6 – Antilock Braking Systems . 10 - 810.7 – Special Safety Considerations . 10 - 9PRE-TRIP VEHICLE INSPECTION . 11 - 111.1 – All Vehicles . 11 - 111.2 – External Inspection . 11 - 211.3 – School Bus Only . 11 - 411.4 – Trailer . 11 - 511.5 – Coach/Transit Bus . 11 - 511.6 – Taking the CDL Pre-trip Inspection Test . 11 - 6CDL Vehicle Inspection Memory Aid . 11 - 7BASIC VEHICLE CONTROL SKILLS TEST . 12 - 112.1 – Scoring . 12 - 112.2 – Exercises . 12 - 1ON-ROAD DRIVING . 13 - 113.1 – How You Will Be Tested . 13 - 1State Operated CDL Skill/Testing Locations . 13 - 4Public/Third Party CDL Skills/Testing Location . 13 - 42Ta ble o f con t en ts
2005 Model Commercial Driver License ManualSection 1: INTRODUCTIONThis section covers: Commercial driver license tests Driver disqualifications Other safety rulesThere is a federal requirement that each state hasminimum standards for the licensing of commercialdrivers.This manual provides driver license testing information for drivers who wish to have a commercial driverlicense (CDL). This manual does NOT provide information on all the federal and state requirementsneeded before you can drive a commercial motorvehicle (CMV). You may have to contact your statedriver licensing authority for additional information.You must have a CDL to operate: Any single vehicle with a gross vehicle weightrating (GVWR) of 26,001 pounds or more. A trailer with a GVWR of more than 10,000pounds if the gross combination weight rating(GCWR) is 26,001 pounds or more. A vehicle designed to transport 16 or morepassengers (including the driver). Any size vehicle that is used in thetransportation of any material that requireshazardous materials placards or any quantity ofa material listed as a select agent or toxin in 42CFR 73.(Your state may have additional definitions ofCMVs.)To get a CDL, you must pass knowledge and skillstests. This manual will help you pass the tests. Thismanual is not a substitute for a truck driver trainingclass or program. Formal training is the most reliableway to learn the many special skills required forsafely driving a large commercial vehicle andbecoming a professional driver in the trucking industry.Figure 1.1 helps you determine if you need a CDL.Do You Need a CDL?NoDoes the vehicle orcombination of vehicles havea manufacturer’s weight rating(GVWR) over 26,000 pounds?YesIs the vehiclea combinationvehicle towing aunit over 10,000pounds GVWR?YesYou needa Class ACDL.NoYesDoes the singlevehicle havea GVWR over26,000 pounds?You needa Class BCDL.NoIs the vehicledesigned tocarry 16 or morepeople (includingthe driver)?YesYou needa Class CCDL.YesYou needa Class CCDL.No1. Does thevehicle requirehazardousmaterial placardsor transport aselect agent ortoxin?2. Is this vehiclea school bus?NoYou DO NOTneed a CDL.NOTE: A bus may be Class A, B, or C dependingon whether the GVWR is over 26,001 pounds or isa combination vehicle.Figure 1.1Section 1 : INTRODUCTIONPa ge 1 - 1
2005 Model Commercial Driver License Manual1.1 – Commercial Driver License Tests1.1.1 – Knowledge TestsWhat Sections Should You Study?LICENSETYPEENDORSEMENTSchool BusPassengerTankVehiclesDouble /TripleHazardousMaterialsClass CClass BClass A1X X X2X X X3X X XXXXX4XXXX5*X X XXX6XX7X8X9X10X11X X XXX12X X XXX13X X XXX*Study section 5 if you plan to operate vehicles equipped with airbrakes.Sections to StudyYou will have to take one or more knowledge tests,depending on what class of license and whatendorsements you need. The CDL knowledge testsinclude: The general knowledge test, taken by allapplicants. The passenger transport test, taken by all busdriver applicants. The air brakes test, which you must take if yourvehicle has air brakes, including air overhydraulic brakes. The combination vehicles test, which is requiredif you want to drive combination vehicles. The hazardous materials test, required if youwant to haul hazardous materials or waste inamounts that require placarding or any quantityof a material listed as a select agent or toxin in42 CFR 73. The tanker test, required if you want to haul aliquid or liquid gas in a permanently mountedcargo tank rated at 119 gallons or more or aportable tank rated at 1,000 gallons or more. The doubles/triples test, required if you want topull double or triple trailers. The school bus test, required if you want to drivea school bus.Figure 1.2 details which sections of this manual youshould study for each particular class of license andfor each endorsement.Figure 1.21.1.2 – Skills Tests1.2 – Driver DisqualificationsIf you pass the required knowledge test(s), you cantake the CDL skills tests. There are three types ofgeneral skills that will be tested: pre-trip inspection,basic vehicle control, and on-road driving. You musttake these tests in the type of vehicle for which youwish to be licensed.1.2.1 – GeneralPre-trip Vehicle Inspection. You will be tested tosee if you know whether your vehicle is safe to drive.You will be asked to do a pre-trip inspection of yourvehicle and explain to the examiner what you wouldinspect and why.It is illegal to operate a CMV if your blood alcoholconcentration (BAC) is .04% or more. If you operate a CMV, you shall be deemed to have given yourconsent to alcohol testing.Basic Vehicle Control. You will be tested on yourskill to control the vehicle. You will be asked to moveyour vehicle forward, backward, and turn it within adefined area. These areas may be marked with traffic lanes, cones, barriers, or something similar. Theexaminer will tell you how each control test is to bedone.On-road Test. You will be tested on your skill tosafely drive your vehicle in a variety of traffic situations. The situations may include left and right turns,intersections, railroad crossings, curves, up anddown grades, single or multi-lane roads, streets, orhighways. The examiner will tell you where to drive.Pa g e 1 - 2You may not drive a commercial motor vehicle if youare disqualified for any reason.1.2.2 – Alcohol, Leaving the Scene of anAccident, and Commission of a FelonyYou will lose your CDL for at least one year for a firstoffense for: Driving a CMV if your blood alcohol concentrationis .04% or higher. Driving a CMV under the influence of alcohol. Refusing to undergo blood alcohol testing. Driving a CMV while under the influence of acontrolled substance. Leaving the scene of an accident. Committing a felony involving the use of a CMV. Driving a motor vehicle while under the influenceof alcohol and/or a controlled substance.Section 1 : INTRODUCTION
2005 Model Commercial Driver License ManualYou will lose your CDL for at least three years if theoffense occurs while you are operating a CMV that isplacarded for hazardous materials.You will lose your CDL for life for a second offense.You will lose your CDL for life if you use a CMV tocommit a felony involving controlled substances.You will be put out-of-service for 24 hours if youhave any detectable amount of alcohol under .04%.1.2.3 – Serious Traffic ViolationsSerious traffic violations are excessive speeding (15mph or more above the posted limit), reckless driving, improper or erratic lane changes, following avehicle too closely and traffic offenses committed ina CMV in connection with fatal traffic accidents.You will lose your CDL: For at least 60 days if you have committed twoserious traffic violations within a three-yearperiod involving a CMV. For at least 120 days for three serious trafficviolations within a three-year period involving aCMV.1.2.4 – Violation of Out-of-Service OrdersYou will lose your CDL: For at least 90 days if you have committed yourfirst violation of an out-of-service violation order. For at least one year if you have committed twoout-of-service violation orders in a 10-yearperiod. For at least three years if you have committedthree or more out-of-service violation orders in a10-year period.1.2.5 – Railroad-highway Grade CrossingViolationsYou will lose your CDL: For at least 60 days for your first violation. For at least 120 days for your second violationwithin any three-year period. For at least one year for your third violationwithin any three-year period.These violations include violation of a federal, stateor local law or regulation pertaining to one of the following six offenses at a railroad-highway gradecrossing: For drivers who are not required to always stop,failing to stop before reaching the crossing if thetracks are not clear. For drivers who are not required to always stop,failing to slow down and check that the tracksare clear of an approaching train. For drivers who are always required to stop,failing to stop before driving onto the crossing.Section 1 : INTRODUCTION For all drivers failing to have sufficient space todrive completely through the crossing withoutstopping.For all drivers failing to obey a traffic controldevice or the directions of an enforcementofficial at the crossing.For all drivers failing to negotiate a crossingbecause of insufficient undercarriage clearance.1.2.6 – Hazardous Materials EndorsementBackground Check and DisqualificationsIf you require a hazardous materials endorsementyou will be required to submit your fingerprints andbe subject to a background check.You will be denied or you will lose your hazardousmaterials endorsement if you: Are not a lawful permanent resident of theUnited States. Renounce your United States citizenship. Are wanted or under indictment for certainfelonies. Have a conviction in military or civilian court forcertain felonies. Have been adjudicated as a mental defective orcommitted to a mental institution. Are considered to pose a security threat asdetermined by the Transportation SecurityAdministration. Visit www.hazprints.com to pre-register or call 1877-429-7746.1.3 – Other CDL RulesThere are other federal and state rules that affectdrivers operating CMVs in all states. Among themare: You cannot have more than one license. If youbreak this rule, a court may fine you up to 5,000 or put you in jail and keep your homestate license and return any others. You must notify your employer within 30 days ofconviction for any traffic violations (exceptparking). This is true no matter what type ofvehicle you were driving. You must notify your motor vehicle licensingagency within 30 days if you are convicted inany other jurisdiction of any traffic violation(except parking). This is true no matter whattype of vehicle you were driving. You must notify your employer if your license issuspended, revoked, or canceled, or if you aredisqualified from driving. You must give your employer information on alldriving jobs you have held for the past 10 years.You must do this when you apply for acommercial driving job.Pa ge 1 - 3
2005 Model Commercial Driver License Manual Except for certain exemptions, no one can drivea commercial motor vehicle without a CDL. Acourt may fine you up to 5,000 or put you in jailfor breaking this rule.If you have a hazardous materials endorsementyou must notify and surrender your hazardousmaterials endorsement to the state that issuedyour CDL within 24 hours of any conviction orindictment in any jurisdiction, civilian or military,for, or found not guilty by reason of insanity of adisqualifying crime listed in 49 CFR 1572.103;who is adjudicated as a mental defective orcommitted to a mental institution as specified in49 CFR 1572.109; or who renounces his or herU.S. citizenship;Your employer may not let you drive acommercial motor vehicle if you have more thanone license or if your CDL is suspended orrevoked. A court may fine the employer up to 5,000 or put him/her in jail for breaking thisrule.All states are connected to one computerizedsystem to share information about CDL drivers.The states will check on drivers’ accidentrecords and be sure that drivers do not havemore than one CDL.Your state may have additional rules that you mustalso obey.Pa g e 1 - 4Section 1 : INTRODUCTION
2005 Model Commercial Driver License ManualSection 2:DRIVING SAFELYThis section covers: Vehicle inspection Basic control of your vehicle Shifting gears Seeing Communicating Space management Controlling your speed Seeing hazards Distracted driving Aggressive drivers/road rage Night driving Driving in fog Winter driving Hot weather driving Railroad-highway crossings Mountain driving Driving emergencies Antilock braking systems Skid control and recovery Accident procedures Fires Alcohol, other drugs, and driving Staying alert and fit to drive Hazardous materials rulesThis section contains knowledge and safe drivinginformation that all commercial drivers should know.You must pass a test on this information to get aCDL. This section does not have specific informationon air brakes, combination vehicles, doubles, or passenger vehicles. When preparing for the pre-tripinspection test, you must review the material in section 11 in addition to the information in this section.This section includes basic information on hazardous materials (HazMat) that all drivers should know.If you need a HazMat endorsement, you shouldstudy section 9.2.1– Vehicle Inspection2.1.1 – Why InspectSafety is the most important reason you inspect yourvehicle, safety for yourself and for other road users.A vehicle defect found during an inspection couldsave you problems later. Your vehicle could breakdown on the road, which will cost time and dollars, oreven worse, a crash caused by the defect.Federal and state laws require that drivers inspecttheir vehicles. Federal and state inspectors also mayinspect your vehicles. If they judge the vehicle to beunsafe, they will put it “out of service” until it is fixed.Section 2 : DRIVING SA FELY2.1.2 – Types of Vehicle InspectionPre-trip Inspection. A pre-trip inspection will helpyou find problems that could cause a crash or breakdown.During a Trip. For safety you should: Watch gauges for signs of trouble. Use your senses to check for problems (look,listen, smell, feel). Check critical items when you stop: Tires, wheels and rims Brakes Lights and reflectors Brake and electrical connections to trailer Trailer coupling devices Cargo securement devicesAfter-trip Inspection and Report. You should doan after-trip inspection at the end of the trip, day, ortour of duty on each vehicle you operated. It mayinclude filling out a vehicle condition report listingany problems you find. The inspection report helps amotor carrier know when the vehicle needs repairs.2.1.3 – What to Look ForTire Problems Too much or too little air pressure. Bad wear. You need at least 4/32-inch treaddepth in every major groove on front tires. Youneed 2/32 inch on other tires. No fabric shouldshow through the tread or sidewall. Cuts or other damage. Tread separation. Dual tires that come in contact with each otheror parts of the vehicle. Mismatched sizes. Radial and bias-ply tires used together. Cut or cracked valve stems. Regrooved, recapped, or retreaded tires on thefront wheels of a bus. These are prohibited.Wheel and Rim Problems Damaged rims. Rust around wheel nuts may mean the nuts areloose—check tightness. After a tire has beenchanged, stop a short while later and re-checktightness of nuts. Missing clamps, spacers, studs, or lugs meansdanger. Mismatched, bent, or cracked lock rings aredangerous. Wheels or rims that have had welding repairsare not safe.Bad Brake Drums or Shoes Cracked drums. Shoes or pads with oil, grease, or brake fluid onthem.Pa ge 2 - 1
2005 Model Commercial Driver License Manual Shoes worn dangerously thin, missing, orbroken.KEY SUSPENSION PARTSSteering System Defects Missing nuts, bolts, cotter keys, or other parts. Bent, loose, or broken parts, such as steeringcolumn, steering gear box, or tie rods. If power steering equipped, check hoses,pumps, and fluid level; check for leaks. Steering wheel play of more than 10 degrees(approximately two inches movement at the rimof a 20-inch steering wheel) can make it hard tosteer.Figure 2.1 illustrates a typical steering system.Suspension System Defects. The suspension system holds up the vehicle and its load. It keeps theaxles in place. Therefore, broken suspension partscan be extremely dangerous. Look for: Spring hangers that allow movement of axlefrom proper position. See Figure 2.2. Cracked or broken spring hangers. Missing or broken leaves in any leaf spring. Ifone-fourth or more are missing, it will put thevehicle “out of service”, but any defect could bedangerous. See Figure 2.3. Broken leaves in a multi-leaf spring or leavesthat have shifted might hit a tire or other part. Leaking shock absorbers. Torque rod or arm, u-bolts, spring hangers, orother axle positioning parts that are cracked,damaged, or missing. Air suspension systems that are damaged and/or leaking. See Figure 2.4. Any loose, cracked, broken, or missing framemembers.Figure 2.2SAFETY DEFECT:BROKEN LEAF IN SPRINGSTEERING SYSTEMFigure 2.3Figure 2.1Pa g e 2 - 2Sec t ion 2 : DRIVING SAFELY
2005 Model Commercial Driver License ManualAIR SUSPENSION PARTSApproaching the Vehicle. Notice general condition.Look for damage or vehicle leaning to one side.Look under the vehicle for fresh oil, coolant, grease,or fuel leaks. Check the area around the vehicle forhazards to vehicle movement (people, other vehicles, objects, low-hanging wires, limbs, etc.).Vehicle Inspection GuideStep 1: Vehicle OverviewFigure 2.4Exhaust System Defects. A broken exhaust system can let poison fumes into the cab or sleeperberth. Look for: Loose, broken, or missing exhaust pipes,mufflers, tailpipes, or vertical stacks. Loose, broken, or missing
drivers. This manual provides driver license testing informa-tion for drivers who wish to have a commercial driver license (CDL). This manual does NOT provide infor-mation on all the federal and state requirements needed before you can drive a commercial motor vehicle (CMV). You may have to contact your state
DRIVER’S LICENSE CLASS 4 And COMMERCIAL DRIVER’S LICENSE (CDL) REQUIREMENTS AGE REQUIREMENT: In order to obtain a Class 4 or Commercial Driver’s License, persons must be at least 21 years of age. DRIVER’S LICENSE CLASS 4: 1. Any single vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 18,001 -26,000 pounds; or 2.
Commercial Driver's License Information 3 On October 26, 1986, Congress passed the Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986. This law requires each state to meet the same minimum standards for commercial driver licensing. The standards require commercial motor vehicle drivers to get a Commercial Driver's License (CDL).
2005 Model Commercial Driver’s License Manual Section 1 - Introduction Page 1-1 Section 1 INTRODUCTION This Section Covers Commercial Driver License Tests Driver Disqualifications Other Safety Rules There is a federal requirement that each state have minimum standards for the licensing of commercial drivers.
Identification Card (ID) Ages 0-64 12 65 & over No fee Replacement Identification Card 12 Travel Identification Card 25 Commercial Driver License (CDL) For commercial driver license fees, please refer to the Commercial Driver License Manual or azdot.gov/mvd. Motor Vehicle Record U
Commercial Driver’s License Manual – 2005 CDL Testing System Section 1 - Introduction Page 1-1 Version: July 2014 Section 1 INTRODUCTION This Section Covers Commercial Driver License Tests Medical Requirements Driver Disqualifications Other Safety Rules International Registration Pr
Commercial Driver’s License Manual – 2005 CDL Testing System Section 1 - Introduction Page 1-2 Version: July 2014 1.1 – Commercial Driver License Tests . 1.1.1 – Knowledge Tests . You will have to take one or more knowledge tests, depending on what class of license and what
Commercial Driver’s License Manual – 2005 CDL Testing System Section 1 - Introduction Page 1-2 Version: July 2014 1.1 – Commercial Driver License Tests 1.1.1 – Knowledge Tests You will have to take one or more knowledge tests, depending on what class of license and wha
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